The COVID-19 TOOLBOX is a comprehensive knoweledge repository collating practical, up-to-date information on the emerging coronavirus. It brings together key documents, guidelines, posters training tools as well as information sources for various disciplines and backgrounds including, among others, clinicians, public health, authorities and the general public.
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
2
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO)
2
Friendship Bench
2
GAVI
2
Gavi, the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations (CEPI) and WHO
2
Geffert, K.
2
Geneva University Hospitals
2
Gentilini U., M. Almenfi, I. Orton
2
GeoPoll
2
German Institute for Medical Mission (DIFAEM)
2
Gesellschaft für Thrombose-undHämostaseforschung e.V. GTH
2
GiZ Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit
2
Government of India Ministry of Health & FW
2
Government of Nigeria
2
Gregory, J.
2
Harvard Health Publishing
2
he New England Journal of Medicine
2
Health Emergency Programme
2
Human Rights Watch
2
Humans Rights Watch
2
IASC
2
ICRC
2
IFRC, UNICEF and WHO
2
ILO
2
India COVID-19 Emergency Response and Health Systems Preparedness Project (P173836)
2
Indian Council of Medical Research
2
Institute for Hygiene and Environmental Medicine, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin
2
Institute of Epidemiology, Disease Control and Research (IEDCR)
2
Inter-Agency Standing Committee
2
John Hopkins Bloomberg School
2
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
2
K. Geffert und S. Mauder
2
KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme and African Academy of Sciences
2
Kim, A.
2
Kompetenznetz Public Health zu COVID-19
2
Kompetenznetz Pulic Health Covid-19
2
L. Bonadonna
2
M. Dara
2
Manuela Molina
2
Marty, F.M.
2
MedGuide Corona – Supporting Team
2
Medical Mission Institute
2
Medizin hilft e.V.
2
Migration Policy Institute
2
Mind Heart Kids
2
Ministerio da Saude, CONASS, Conasems et al.
2
Ministerio de Salud de Colombia
2
Ministerio de Salud Peru
2
Ministerio de Salud y Deportes Bolivia
2
Ministère de la Santè Publique et de la Population Haiti
2
Ministério da Saúde
2
Ministério da Saúde, Brazil
2
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare of Bangladesh, Directorate General of Health Services
2
Ministry of Health (The Republic of Uganda)
2
Minstère de la santé, DR Congo
2
NADMO Ghana
2
National Centre for Disease Control (formerly National Institute of Communicable Diseases)
2
National Environment Agency (Safeguard-Nurture,Cherish)
2
NDoH South Africa
2
New England Journal of Medicine
2
NHS Scotland
2
One World Data
2
ONUSIDA
2
Organización Mundial de la Salud (Américas)
2
Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde
2
Pan American Health Organisation PAHO, et al.
2
Pan American Health Organisation PAHO, OPS
2
Panjab University
2
Paul Ehrlich Institute
2
Paul-Ehrlich-Institu PEI
2
Physicians for Human Rights
2
Plan International
2
Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research Chandigarh
2
Protection Cluster, UNFPA
2
R. Khaiwal
2
RCCE technical working group
2
Reijer, P.
2
République de Côte d'Ivoire
2
République Démocratique du Congo, Ministère de la Santé
2
Robert Koch Institut (RKI)
2
Rupp, N.
2
RüppelT.
2
S. Mor
2
S. von Grünigen
2
S.E. Asberg and E. Chiang
2
S.R. Lewin and R. Sherer
2
Sallam, M.
2
Santé publique France
2
Science Busters
2
Science in Motion
2
Scientific Animations without Borders SWABO
2
See text
2
SG United
2
Smithsonian Science Education Center
2
Smithsonian Science Education Center, et al.
2
South Africa Medical Reserach Council SAMRC
2
Sphere
2
Stop TB Partnership
2
Surgisphere
2
T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı
2
Telesalud Colombia
2
The Center For Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy
2
the Inter-Agency Standing Committee’s Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Reference Group
2
The New England Journal of Medicine
2
The Partnership Center
2
The Public Good Projects
2
Tipdoc
2
UN High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
2
UN United Nations
2
UN Women
2
UNCT Zambia
2
UNICEF East Asia and Pacific Region
2
Unidad de vigilancia de la Salud, Gobierno de la répubica de Honduras
2
Union Africaine
2
United Nations in Moldova
2
United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)
2
United Nations UN
2
United States Conference of Catholic Bishops
2
Université de Genève
2
Vaccine Makers Project
2
VillageVillage Hope Core International, Ministry of Health Kenya
2
WASH Cluster
2
WDRforyou
2
Welthungerhilfe
2
Welthungerhilfe e.V.
2
WFP
2
WHO (World Health Organisation)
2
WHO Collaborating Centre of Patient Safety Infection Control & Improving Practices
2
WHO Collaborating Centre on Patient Safety, University of Geneva Hospitals & Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland
2
WHO Regional Office for Africa
2
Wood, D.
2
World Bank
2
World Food Programme
2
World Health Organization (WHO), Regional Office of the Western Pacific
2
World Health Organization & United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF).
2
World Health Organization WHO, IFRC
2
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office for Western Pacific
2
World Health Organization. Regional Office for South-East Asia
2
World Health Organization. Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean
2
Zusammen gegen Corona
2
Zusammen gegen Corona, BzgA
2
ФГБУ «НМИЦ ФПИ»
2
Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр фтизиопульмонологии и инфекционных заболеваний» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации
2
1mg
1
350
1
80,000 hours
1
A. Anand, J. Sandefur, and A. Subramanian
1
A. Carvalho
1
A. dos Santos Filho, W. Marques, P. Dourado, et al.
1
A. García-Prado, J.P. Sarmiento, et al.
1
A. Imohe, J. Krasevec et al.
1
A. Kapilashrami
1
A. Mahieu
1
A. Pereira, B. do Valle Pinheiro et al.
1
A. R.Maria
1
A. Schmitt, M. Vujnovic, O. Manukhina et al.
1
A. Tausch
1
A.Goncé, A. Hawkins-Villarreal et al.
1
Abbara, A.
1
Abu Mouch et al.
1
Accoe K.
1
Accreditation Counci for Continuing Medical Education
1
ACLED
1
ACPF, Plan International
1
Action agains Hunger
1
Action against AIDS Germany
1
Action against hunger
1
ActionAid, ВОЗ, ЮНИСЕФ, et al.
1
Adelekan, B.
1
ADMOS
1
AFP Fact check
1
Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (
1
Africa CDC: Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
1
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Center for Disease , African CDC
Akademie für Öffentliches Gesundheitswesen in Düsseldorf
1
Alimardani, M. and Mona Elswah
1
Allen Institute for AI
1
Alvarado R., Ramírez J. et al
1
Alves Dias, C.
1
Alves J.D., Abade A.S., Peres W.P. et al.
1
Alys, W.
1
AMCI Association Colombiana de Medicina Critica y Cuidado Intensivo
1
AMECEA
1
American Medical Association
1
Amref Health Afric
1
amref Health Africa
1
AMREF Health Africa, Health System Advocacy Partnership
1
Ana Cecília Gomes Rosa Luiz, Bruna Silveira Caixeta, Milena Ferreira Cruvinel et al.
1
Ana Flor Hexel Cornely, João Gabriel Flôres da Rocha
1
Analysis Hub
1
Ananke
1
Anaya-Covarrubias, J.Y.
1
and L.Lockerd Maragakis
1
and A. Kent
1
and A.M.Chirinos-Leañez
1
and C. Hanbury
1
and C. Wonodi
1
and C. Zimmer
1
and C.J. Arnson
1
and F. Morgado
1
and G.D. Kelen,
1
and J. Garcia-Rosales Delgado
1
and R.O'Neill
1
Antimicrobial Therapy
1
Arantes Beatriz, L. B.
1
Argote P., Barhan E., Zukerman Daly S. et al.
1
Arii M., F. Baele, J. Bedford et al.
1
Armed Conflict Location & Event Data Project
1
Arrieta, A.
1
ARUP Laboratories
1
Asberg, S.E.
1
Asberg. S.E.
1
ASCOFAME: Asociación Colombiana de Facultades de Medicina
1
ASCOFAME: Asociación Colombiana de Facultades de Medicina, Colombia
1
Asean Briefing
1
ASEDP (Asociación Salvadoreña para el Estudio y Tratamiento del Dolor y Cuidados Paliativos)
1
Ashish KC, R. Gurung, M.V Kinney, et al.
1
Asian Development Bank
1
Asseburg, M.
1
Assessment Capacities Project ACAPS
1
Associação Nacional dos Médicos de Saúde Pública (ANMSP)
1
Aten, J.
1
Australian Government Department of Health
1
Avenir Health, Johns Hopkins University (USA) and Victoria University (Australia)
1
AWMF
1
AWO
1
Aziz, A.
1
B. Cao
1
B. Ezenwa
1
B. Mason Meier
1
B. N. Ezenwa, I. B. Fajolu, O. R. Akinajo, et al.
1
B. Rajamaki
1
Bagattini AM, de Melo Tavares B, Garcia Moraes Pagano C, et al.
1
Bangladesh Red Crescent Society
1
Bangladesh Red Crescent Society (BDRCS)
1
Bapoutou, B.
1
Barbosa Martelli, D. R.
1
Barcelos TN, Muniz LN, Dantas DM et al.
1
Barráez, D.
1
Baskar, P.
1
Bayerisches Staatsministerium für Gesundheit und Pflege
1
BBC Media Action
1
BC Centre for Disease Control
1
Beatriz Braga, Joana M.Gomes, Marta Correia, Miguel Correia e Susana Amorim
1
Beauftragten der Bundesregierung für Migration, Flüchtlinge und Integration, Germany
1
Bender L.
1
Benítez M. A., Martín E. P. S. et al.
1
Bergonzi, L.
1
Bernhard-Nocht-Institut für Tropenmedizin (BNIT)
1
Better Care Network, The Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action, UNICEF
1
Bettercare
1
Beyond Words
1
BF1 TV
1
BfArM
1
Bham A., J. Bhiman, F. Bongweni et al.
1
Bham, A.
1
Bharat Biotech
1
Bhopal,S., and M. Nielsen
1
Biancovilli, p.
1
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, GAVI, et al.
1
Billion Lives
1
Bio Med Central
1
BioDigital
1
BioNTech
1
Birkeland,N.M.
1
Blanco C., Rivas G. et al.
1
Blankenfeld H., H. Kaduszkiewicz, M. M. Kochen et al.
1
Bloomberg
1
BMC
1
BMC Health Services
1
BMC Public Health
1
BMJ Open Science
1
Bo Peng , Rowland W. Pettit, and Christopher I. Amos
1
BOARD OF GOVERNORS In supersession of the Medical Council of India
1
Bolivia, Ministerio de Salud, Gobierno de Estado Plurinacional s
1
Bouley, T. A.
1
Böhm H., D. Cwojdzinski, U. Grote et al.
1
BÖP Berufsverband Österreichischer Psychologinnen
1
BPhD e.V.
1
BRAC
1
Bracho C., Martinez C. et al.
1
Brakarsh, J.
1
Brazilian Journal of Health Review
1
Breakthrough ACTION Guyana, USAID
1
Breathrough Action - For social and behavior change
1
Brinkmann, M.
1
British Lung Fundation
1
British Psychological Society
1
British Society for Immunlogy
1
British Society for Immunology
1
Brooks,J.T.
1
Brown, D.A.
1
Bundesgesundheitsblatt
1
Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte
1
Bundesinstitut für Arzneimittel und Medizinprodukte BfArM
1
Bundesregierung Deutschland
1
Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA
1
Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA)
1
Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung BzgA, Bundesamt für Bevölkerungsschutz und Katastrophenhilfe
1
Bureau régional pour l'Afrique
1
Buscher D., Slaughter A.
1
BVÖGD, bvmd
1
C.
1
C. Clift
1
C. Dias Azevedo, G. Fernandes Maciel da Silva et al.
1
C. Hoffmann, A. Gualani Gualani
1
C. Hoy, and E. Ortiz-Juarez
1
C. Jasmins
1
C. Pasquini
1
C. Perplies
1
Cadernos de Saúde Pública
1
Cambridge University Press
1
CANVax
1
CAP-China
1
Caqueo-Urízar A., Urzúa A. et al
1
Caran Ann, M.
1
CARE
1
Carolina L.A. Barbieri, C. Carvalho de Souza Amorim Matos
1
Carruther E., A. Veizis, E. Kondilis, et al.
1
Castillo C., Villalobos Dintrans P. et al
1
Castro, A.
1
Catholic Agency for Overseas Development CAFOD
1
Catholic Relief Services CRS
1
CDA Collaborative Learning Projects
1
CDC United States
1
Center for Strategic & International Studies CSIS
1
Center for Disease control and prevention
1
Center for Global Development
1
Center for Operational Analysis and Research COAR
1
Center for Public Interest Communications, University of Florida
1
Center for Systems Science and Engineering (CSSE) at John Hopkins University
1
Central Pollution Control Board (Ministry of Environment, Forest & Climate Change)
1
Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor
1
Centre Africain de contrôle et de prévention des maladies (CDC Afrique)
1
Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine (CEBM)
1
Centre for Respiratory Diesease and Meningitis, South Africa
1
Centre for Rural Health (CRH)
1
Centro Africano de prevenção e luta contra doenças
1
Centros de controle e prevenção de doenças de Àfrica (África CDC)
1
CERAH
1
Cerda A. A., Garcia L. Y.
1
Chairmen of the Committee on Doctrine and the Committee on Pro-Life Activities
1
Chang, S.W.
1
Charité
1
Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Data4Life
1
Charité Berlin
1
Charité Berlin, Data4Life
1
Charles Phiilipe de Lucena AlvesJoão de Deus Barreto Segundo, Gabriel Gonçalves da Costa et al.
1
Chaziya J, Freyne B, Lissauer S et al.
1
Cheesbrough, M.
1
Chen Shen, Nan Xia, et al.
1
Child Protection
1
Child Protection Cluster
1
Child Protection Working Group
1
Child Protection Working Group (CPWG)
1
China-Japan Friendship Hospital
1
Chu, D.K.
1
Churches Agencies Network Disaster Operations
1
CICG geneva - Centre International de Communication Gouvernementale
1
Cifuentes, R-
1
Cilliers, J.
1
Class Central
1
Clincial Care Options
1
Clinical Pocket Reference
1
Cluster Abris RD Congo
1
CNRS
1
Cobas
1
Cochrane Convenes
1
Cochrane Iberoámerica
1
Cochrane Pregnancy and Childbirth
1
Coision Nacional de Seguridad en Vacunas
1
Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
1
Collective Service for Risk Communication and Community Engagement (RCCE)
1
Collective Service RCCE
1
College of Nursing, AIIMS, New Delhi
1
Columbia University, IFRC, Protection Cluster, et al.
1
Comité européen pour la prévention de la torture et des peines ou traitements inhumains ou dégradants (CPT)
1
Comité Internacional de la Cruz Roja
1
Comité international de la Croix-Rouge
1
Communicating with Disaster Affected Communities (CDAC)
1
Communication Network
1
Community Health Impact Coalition
1
Comunidad de Madrid
1
Conflict and Health
1
Coninx, R.
1
Conlon C., T. McDonnell, M. Barrett, et al.
1
Conseil de l'Europe
1
Conseil international des Infirmières (CII)
1
Consejo
1
Consejo General de Colegios Oficiales de Farmacéuticos (portalfarma.com)
1
Cordeiro Jardim, B.
1
Coregroup
1
Corman, V.
1
Corona Tracker
1
CoronaTracker
1
Corum, J.
1
Cottani, J.
1
Council of Europe
1
Couto,M.T.
1
COVID-19 Comprehensive Resource Center
1
COVID-19 Curriculum
1
COVID-19 Hygiene Hub
1
COVID-19 Mental Disorders Collaborators
1
COVID-19 Response
1
COVID-19 Student Response
1
COVID-End Evidence Network to support Decision-making
1
CovidSIM
1
COVIMO
1
Cristina Aldaz, Francisco Perez
1
Cubillos-Novella A., I. Bojorquez-Chapela, J. A. Fernandez-Nino
1
Cullen M.
1
D.
1
D. Antognini, A. Combes, et al.
1
D. Grace
1
D. Todt, P. V’kovski, et al.
1
das Neves Martins Pires P.H. , Macaringue C. , Abdirazak A. et al.
1
Dave Woods and S. Mehtar
1
de Man P, van den Dobbelsteen J, et al.
1
Debiève, B.
1
Defensoria Pública do Estado de São Paulo
1
Delign, E.
1
Departamento de Gestão e Incorporação de Tecnologias e Inovação em Saúde – DGITIS
1
Department of Health & Family Welfare Government of Kerala
1
Department of Health South Africa
1
Department of Health, Province of Kwazulu-Natal
1
Department of Health, South Africa
1
Department Of Medicine AIIMS New Delhi
1
Department: Higher Education & Training Republic of South Africa
1
Dept. of Psychiatry
1
Der Paritätische Gesamtverband
1
Desogus, A.
1
Deutsche Diabetes Hilfe
1
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
1
Deutsche Gesellschaft für innere Medizin (DGIM)
1
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Internationale Zusammenarbeit GIZ
1
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Krankenhaushygiene e.V.
1
Deutsche Gesellschaft für Public Health et al.
1
Deutsche Welle
1
Deutscher Apotheker Verlag
1
Deutscher Bundestag
1
Deutscher Caritas Verband
1
Deutscher Caritasverband e.V.
1
Deutsches Grünes Kreuz e. V., Marburg, Robert Koch-Institut RKI
1
Deutsches Netzwerk Gesundheitskompetenz
1
Development Initiatives Poverty Research Ltd.
1
DGS
1
DGVS Paraguay
1
Dheda, K.
1
Dicastery for Promoting Integral Human Development (DPIHD)
1
Die Beauftragte der Bundesregierung für Migration, Flüchtlinge und Integration
1
Die Johanniter
1
Dipartimento della Protezione Civile
1
DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE SALUD PÚBLICA, CALIDAD E INNOVACIÓN
1
Dirección General de Vigilancia de la Salud (DGVS)
1
Dirección Nacional de Atención Pre-hospitalaria y Unidades Móviles, Ecuador
1
Direction de la conte lutte contre la maladie les épidémies et les pandémies
1
Directorate General of Health Services (EMR Division)
1
Direção-Geral da Saúde (DGS)
1
Disney Junior
1
Divya Nair, Nisha Hariharan, Raghav Adlakha, et al.
1
Dorcas Aid International
1
Doubova SV, Leslie HH, Kruk ME, et al.
1
Dr. Anna-Maria von Rod
1
Dr. Francisco José Alabí Montoya, Dr. Carlos Gabriel Alvarenga Cardoza, Dra. Karla Marina Díaz de Naves
1
Dr. med. Thorben Doll, Johannes Pott
1
Dr. P. Abraham
1
Dr. P. Amoth
1
Dr. phil. Birga Gatzweiler
1
Dr. S. K. Kibias
1
Dr. Slama-Chaudhry, A.
1
Dr. Supik, L.
1
Dr. T. Plümecke
1
Dr. V. Potdar
1
Dr. Will, A.
1
Dr. Y.K. Gurav
1
Dra. Ximena Garzón et al.
1
Dramowski, A.
1
Dureab, F.
1
E. Beccaloni
1
E. Goldson, Z. Abubakar et al.
1
E. Levy Yeyati
1
E. Ross
1
E. Webb, M. Mckee et al.
1
E.A Akl, S. Duda, et al.
1
E.M. Févre
1
E.Schuler
1
ECLAC
1
ECPC
1
Education 2030
1
Education Cluster, Save the Children, et al.
1
Education Development Center (EDC)
1
Education Santé
1
Einstein Journal
1
El Gobierno des Todos, Ecuador
1
Elisabeth Gifford
1
Elsevier Ltd
1
Emanuel, E.J., et al.
1
Emelurumonye I. N., A. Miglietta
1
Emerging Minds
1
Encontros Bibli
1
Epicentro
1
Epidemiologisches Bulletin
1
EQUINET
1
Equipo Humanitaria de Pais Guatemala
1
Erskine D.
1
ESCAP
1
Espinal, Y.A.
1
et al
1
et al.,
1
et K. McDonald
1
et Ondoua Biwole V.
1
et. al.
1
Ethiopian Food and Drug Authority
1
Ethiopian Public Health Institute
1
Ethno-Medizinischen-Zentrum und der Beauftragten der Bundesregierung für Migration, Flüchtlinge und Integration
1
Ethno-Medizinisches Zentrum e.V
1
Eurofund
1
European Academy of Pediatrics
1
European AIDS Clinical Society (EACS)
1
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control
1
European Commission EC
1
European Committee for the Prevention of Torture and Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (CPT)
1
European Investment Bank EIB and UN Development Programme UNDP
1
European Medicine Agency
1
European Organization of Prison and Correctional Services (EUROPRIS)
1
European Society for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
1
European Society for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry ESCAP
1
European Society of Cardiology
1
Eurosurveillance
1
Evidence Aid
1
Evidentia Mèdica
1
F. Filippini
1
F. Hanga
1
F. Scaini
1
F. Zerbinato Bispo Velasco, de Oliveira Pedroza, G.G. et al.
1
Faella O. M., Cardozo M. A. et al.
1
Fajolu, I.
1
FAO
1
Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Germany
1
Fegert, J.M.
1
Feng,S.
1
Fernandes Maia, C.M.
1
Ferraretto, L.A.
1
Feune de Colombi, N.
1
FEWS NET
1
FHI 360
1
Fida International. FAO, Pan American Health Organization PAHO, et al.
1
Filipa Pedro dos Reis
1
FinalMile
1
Fiocruz
1
Florida International University
1
Flüchtlingsrat Niedersachsen e.V.
1
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
1
Food and Drug Administration
1
Food for the Hungry et al.
1
Foundation for Innovative and New Diagnostics
1
Frontiers in Public Health
1
Fundacao Oswald Cruz
1
Funded by Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration
1
Futura Santé
1
Future Learn
1
Future Learn, ASLM
1
FutureLearn
1
G, Zambrano, E Salgato, F. M. Moyano et al.
1
G. Settimo
1
G.L. Forselv, V. Vogel, et al.
1
Garcia, P.J.
1
GAVI Alliance
1
GAVI The Vaccine Alliance
1
Gavilanez Medina Patricia, Gualoto Lincango Blanca, Chamorro Obando Patricia et al
1
GBV Sub-Cluster (Democratic Republic of Congo)
1
Geffert,K., N. Rupp und S. Mauder
1
German Red Cross
1
Giattino, C.
1
Gifford, L.
1
Gilman, R.T.
1
Giovanny Vinícius Araújo de França, Valdelaine Etelvina Miranda de Araújo et al.
1
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In most contexts, the social stigma surrounding mental health issues exists because of cultural norms and a lack of understanding of mental health’s complexities and realities, resulting in isolation, increased vulnerability, and lack of support for people with mental health problems.
This stig
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ma has been exacerbated during COVID-19, as more people may need mental health or psycho-social support but cannot access it due to the cessation of in-person services and limited remote care option
more
Esta publicación es un apéndice del documento técnico "Lograr una mejor inmunidad: el enfoque de curso de vida para una longevidad saludable", con las contribuciones de varios expertos en la materia dentro y fuera de la Organización Panamericana de la Salud (OPS). Este apéndice proporciona ejem
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plos de actividades dentro del programa nacional de inmunización que pueden mejorar las tasas de cobertura y reducir las oportunidades perdidas para cuatro grupos de población: mujeres embarazadas, adolescentes, trabajadores sanitarios y adultos mayores. Estos ejemplos traducen los principios y conceptos del Enfoque del Ciclo Vital en actividades concretas, que pueden ser utilizadas por los gestores de los programas nacionales de inmunización y por los vacunadores, respectivamente, para reforzar las tasas de cobertura de vacunación
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The Mexican Constitution sets out the basis for access to health care services and the right to social protection in health for all citizens. The General Health Law establishes that the MoH, together with state governments, is responsibl for the control and eradication of transmissible diseases and
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must establish the necessary measures to prevent and combat all threats to health.
Consequently, the National Health Plan 2019–2024 proposes universal, effective and free access to health care services, including health and epidemiological surveillance for emergencies, for all Mexicans
more
Globally, more than 3 million new cases and 10 000 deaths have been reported in the week of 26 December 2022 to 1 January 2023. This represents a reduction in weekly cases and deaths of 22% and 12%, respectively. In the last 28 days (5 December 2022 to 1 January 2023), over 14.5 million cases and ov
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er 46 000 new fatalities were reported globally – an increase of 25% and 21%, respectively, compared to the previous 28 days. As of 1 January 2023, over 656 million confirmed cases and over 6.6 million deaths have been reported globally.
In this edition, we include:
The COVID-19 epidemiological update at the global and regional levels.
An update on the circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) and Omicron subvariants under monitoring.
An update on hospitalizations and ICU admissions related to COVID-19.
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The Strategic Advisory Group of Experts (SAGE) on Immunization held a meeting on 3-6 October 2022. This report summarizes the discussions, conclusions and recommendations.
It covers the following items:
Global Reports
Immunization Agenda 2030 and Regional reports
Monkeypox
RSV
COVID-19 vacci
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nes
Polio vaccination
Ebola (Sudan ebolavirus outbreak update)
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The introduction of vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) added another measure to the existing set of
recommended preventive measures (wearing a mask in public, keeping a distance from other people and regular handwashing). The roll-out of the vaccines, however, raised concerns that vac
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cination may lead to lower adherence to the existing
preventive measures. The advice from the World Health Organization (WHO) was to continue these public health and
social measures after being vaccinated.1 However, evidence from other epidemics suggests that there is lower adherence to
preventive measures when some level of protection exists (for example, individuals who use human immunodeficiency virus
pre-exposure prophylaxis
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Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) published a clinical case definition of post COVID-19
condition, by a Delphi consensus, on 6 October 2021. That process concluded that a separate definition
may be applicable for children. It is important to understand the frequency, characteristics
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and risk factors
that lead to post COVID-19 condition, along with its impact on everyday functioning and development of
children and adolescents. Long-term outcomes of the condition are currently unknown and need to be
studied. For these reasons, a globally standardized clinical case definition is needed.
Aim: To develop a globally relevant standardized clinical case definition for children and adolescents by
building on the WHO clinical case definition for post COVID-19 condition in adults.
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Making sure that people with disabilities get the right health care to do with their bodies, sex, relationships and having children during COVID-19
About this information
This information is about health care for people with disabilities to do with their bodies, sex, relationships and having c
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hildren.
For example, the health care might help people to give birth or have safer sex and relationships.
This information is about making sure that people with disabilities can get this health care during COVID-19.
And when other big problems happen in the world.
People with disabilities have a right to get this healthcare like everyone else.
But they are often left out.
And COVID-19 has made things worse.
This information is about what countries and organizations should do now for people with disabilities.
We found out what many people with disabilities thought first.
People in this document means women and girls, men, and boys with disabilities.
It also means people with disabilities who are not the gender that people said they were when they were born.
For example, someone may be told they are a boy because of how their body looks.
But that is not who they really are. They might be a girl. Or they might not be a boy or girl.
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This brochure presents a summary of the situation of health systems and services in the Americas as they progress toward the achievement of universal access to health and universal health coverage (universal health). The information provided presents an overview of the situation before the COVID-19
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pandemic, how the pandemic has impacted health systems, and recommendations to address current and future challenges for building resilient health systems to advance toward universal health in the Americas.
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En este folleto se resume la situación de los sistemas y servicios de salud en la Región de las Américas en su progreso hacia el acceso universal a la salud y la cobertura universal de salud (la “salud universal”). Se presenta la situación previa a la pandemia de COVID-19, el efecto que ha t
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enido en los sistemas de salud y las recomendaciones para encarar los retos actuales y futuros en la construcción de sistemas de salud resilientes que permitan seguir avanzando hacia la salud universal en la Región.
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This is an e-learning module with the objective of providing education for health professionals and pregnant women using published results and studies based on COVID-19 surveillance data, which have indicated an increased risk among pregnant women of presenting with severe forms of COVID-19 and, the
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refore, of being hospitalized and admitted to intensive care units.
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As of 12 December 2022, over 645 million people worldwide have been diagnosed with COVID-19, with over 6.6 million deaths (4).
The Omicron variant, which emerged in late November 2021, and its subvariants, are now the dominant circulating viruses, contributing to the ongoing surge in several countr
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ies (4). Vaccination has substantially reduced case numbers and hospitalizations in many countries,but limitations in global access to vaccines mean that many populations, including those in low- and middle-income countries, remain vulnerable. Even in vaccinated individuals, uncertainties remain about duration of protection and efficacy, and the degree of crossprotection with new variants.
There remains a need for more effective treatment and management for those affected by COVID-19. The pandemic – and the
explosion of both research and misinformation – has highlighted the need for trustworthy, accessible and regularly updated living
guidelines to place emerging findings into context and provide clear recommendations for clinical practice
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The WHO continuously reviews available data on SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. For this version, the global epidemiological
situation of the COVID-19 pandemic as of 21 January 2022 – at a time when the Omicron VOC had been identified in 171
countries across all six WHO Regions and was rapidly re
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placing Delta worldwide – was considered Omicron has a substantial growth advantage, higher secondary attack rates and a higher observed reproduction number than Delta.
There is now significant evidence that immune evasion contributes to the rapid spread of Omicron. Other factors may be a shorter
serial interval (by about 0.8 to 1.2 days compared to Delta) and potential increased intrinsic transmission fitness . There is
growing evidence that with Omicron, there is lower vaccine effectiveness (VE) against infection and symptomatic disease soon after vaccination compared to Delta. There is also evidence of accelerated waning of VE over time of the primary series against infection and symptomatic disease for the studied vaccines. Further studies are required to better understand the drivers of transmission and declining incidence in various settings. These factors include the intrinsic transmission fitness properties of the virus, degree of immune evasion, vaccination coverage and level of vaccine-derived and post-infection immunity, levels of social mixing and degree of application of public health and social measures (PHSM).
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The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic exacerbated pre-existing inequalities in the treatment and care of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). This report examines the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on access to NCD medicines, and the policies and strategies implemented by countries and health sys
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tems to anticipate and mitigate stresses across NCD medicine supply chains. The full range of upstream and downstream impacts are investigated, including: manufacturing; procurement, importation and last mile delivery; patient-level effects through affordability and availability; and the effects on NCD medicine availability by category of disease. The report culminates in recommended actions and interventions for key stakeholders in the NCD pharmaceutical supply chain, including governments, regulatory authorities, manufacturers and the private sector; as well as directions for future research for improving access and supply chain access resilience.
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The WHO Living guideline: Drugs to prevent COVID-19 contains the Organization’s most up-to-date recommendations for the use of drugs to prevent COVID-19. The latest version of this living guideline is available in pdf format (via the ‘Download’ button) and via an online platform.
Guidelines
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regarding the use of drugs to treat (rather than prevent) COVID-19 are included in a separate WHO document, Therapeutics and COVID-19: living guideline, that can via an online platform and in pdf format (or click ‘PDF’ in top right corner of online platform). Guidelines regarding the clinical management of COVID-19 patients are included in a further document, COVID-19 Clinical management: Living guideline, that can be accessed via an online platform and in pdf format (or click ‘PDF’ in top right corner of online platform).
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En la Región de las Américas, las poblaciones están envejeciendo y se está experimentando una rápida transición demográfica. El índice de envejecimiento, que refleja el tamaño de los grupos de mayor edad por 100 en comparación con los menores de 15 años, demuestra claramente el aumento de
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las personas de 60 años o más. En comparación con las tendencias mundiales, la Región tendrá un mayor número de personas de 60 años o más que de menores de 15 años para el 2030, aproximadamente 25 años antes que el promedio mundial. La pandemia de COVID-19 ha dado pie a una crisis de salud sin precedentes en todo el mundo. Sus efectos en las personas mayores y aquellas con enfermedades subyacentes han puesto de manifiesto los desafíos de abordar sus necesidades durante una emergencia de salud pública. Dada esta transición demográfica, es fundamental reflexionar acerca de la preparación de los sistemas y servicios con vistas a atender las necesidades de este grupo de población, incluidas la mejora de la planificación para casos de emergencia y la protección de las personas mayores.
Esta publicación forma parte de una serie titulada La Década del Envejecimiento Saludable en las Américas: situación y desafíos
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Throughout the Americas, populations are aging and the Region is undergoing a rapid demographic transition. The aging index, which reflects the size of the older age groups per 100 compared to children under age 15, clearly demonstrates the increase in people aged 60 and older. Compared to global tr
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ends, the Region of the Americas will have a larger number of people aged 60 and older than children under 15 by 2030, which is approximately 25 years before the global average. The COVID-19 pandemic has presented an unparalleled health crisis around the world. The impact on older persons and those with underlying health conditions has highlighted the challenges of addressing the needs of older populations during a public health emergency. Given this demographic transition it is essential to think about preparedness of systems and services to address this population’s needs, including an increase in emergency planning and protection of older populations.
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The chapter Fostering Health Systems’ Monitoring to Better Serve Older Populations is part of the publication series entitled Decade of Healthy Aging: Situation and Challenges. The publications are designed to favor the prioritization of effective actions at the local level as well as the monitori
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ng of data and public health policies, and providing evidence-based information. Along with the objective of presenting the available updated knowledge about the situation of health and aging at the beginning of the Decade of Healthy Aging in the Americas, this publication gives information about health systems’ monitoring to better serve the needs of older adults and emphasizes the need for societies and health systems to better adapt to an aging population. It introduces the 360-tool as a guide to adapt health systems through monitoring tracers/indicators and highlighting the data and information that is readily available, disaggregated by age. This information can aid in decision-making and resource allocation to support older adults’ needs. Concerning the 360-tool development, a consensus has been reached on seven tracer indicators with high relevance to informing policy, and case studies in selected countries have assessed the feasibility of this approach. The list of indicators and the process related to the development of the tool are presented in this publication. The Decade of Healthy Aging 2021-2030 is a period to guide action towards the transformation of societies by fostering the inclusion of older people in every decision. This publication intends to contribute to this strategy and highlight the upcoming challenges and opportunities on healthy aging.
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