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Publication Years
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SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Specimen Submission form

Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis, South Africa Nation Institute for Communicable Diseases (2020) C2
For SARS-CoV-2 testing only
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COVID-19: Guidelines for case-finding, diagnosis, management and public health response in South Africa
recommended

Bham A., J. Bhiman, F. Bongweni et al. Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis and Outbreak Response (2020) C2
The information contained in this document, be it guidelines, recommendations, diagnostic algorithms or treatment regimens, are offered in this document in the public interest. To the best of the knowledge of the guideline writing team, the information contained in these guidelines is correct. Imple ... more
 External Link
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COVID-19 GARD Dash Board

Global Alliance Against Chronic Respiratory Diseases Global Alliance Against Chronic Respiratory Diseases (2020) C2
Accessed: 25.03.2020
 External Link
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COVID-19 open source sources of information

International Primary Care and Respiratory Group IPCRG (2020) CC
The International Primary Care Respiratory Group (IPCRG) is a clinically-led charitable organisation. The scope is research and education to improve prevention, diagnosis and care of respiratory dis ... more
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A cross-country qualitative analysis of teachers’ perceptions of asthma care in sub-Saharan Africa

Naidoo, K.L.; Dladla, S.; Mphahlele, R.E. et al. npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine (2023) CC2
Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease among school-going adolescents worldwide. However, the burden of severe asthma is highest in Sub-Saharan Africa. This study aimed to explore teachers’ perceptions of asthma care across six Afri ... more
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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Brazilian primary care: diagnostic competence and case-finding

Hamers, R.; Bontemps, S.; van den Akker, M.; et al. Primary Care Respiratory Journal (2006) CC2
The article investigates the diagnostic capabilities and prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in primary care settings in northern Brazil. It highlights that COPD is often underdiagnosed and undertreated in resource-limited regions. The study involved 34 general practitioners a ... more
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Rational Use of Inhaled Medications for the Patient with COPD and Multiple Comorbid Conditions: Guidance for Primary Care

Tisiligianni, I.; Hoines, K.; Jensen, C.; et al. International Primary Care Respiratory Group (IPCRG) (2019) CC2
The document discusses the complexities of managing patients with COPD and multiple comorbidities, highlighting the importance of personalized care and the appropriate use of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS). It outlines common comorbidities, such as asthma, osteoporosis, and diabetes, and offers guida ... more
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Appropriate use and withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Román-Rodríguez, M.; Tsiligianni, I.; Wiliams, S.; et al. International Primary Care - Respiratory Group (2020) CC2
The document "Appropriate use and withdrawal of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)" from the IPCRG provides guidance on when to start, adjust, or discontinue ICS in COPD treatment. It highlights the benefits and risks, emphasizing personalized ... more
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Introducing the IPCRG

International Primary Care - Respiratory Group International Primary Care - Respiratory Group (2024) CC2
The International Primary Care Respiratory Group (IPCRG) is a clinically-led charitable company that works locally in primary care and collaborates globally to improve respiratory health. Our vision ... more
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Symptom-based screening tool for asthma syndrome among young children in Uganda

Nantanda, R.; Siersma, V.; Ndeezi, G. et al. npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine (2020) CC
Under-diagnosis of asthma in ‘under-fives’ may be alleviated by improved inquiry into disease history. We assessed a questionnaire-based screening tool for asthma among 614 ‘under-fives’ with severe respiratory illness in Uganda. The questio ... more
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Prevalence, severity and risk factors for asthma in school-going adolescents in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa

Mphahlele, R.; Lesosky, M.; Masekela, R. BMJ Open Respiratory Research (2023) CC
Background Asthma remains highly prevalent, with more severe symptoms in low-income to middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with high-income countries. Identifying risk factors for severe asthma symptoms can assist with improving outcomes. We aimed to determine the prevalence, severity and ris ... more
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Burden of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and access to essential medicines in low-income and middle-income countries

The Lancet Respiratory Medicine (2015) CC2
Demographic and epidemiological transitions are changing the age structure of the population and the most common diseases. Non-communicable respiratory diseases are an increasing problem at both ends of the age range in low-income and middle-income ... more
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Desktop Helper No.2 - A practical guide to improve difficult-to-manage asthma in primary care

International Primary Care Respiratory Group IPCRG (2024) CC
This guide provides a systematic, practical approach to support primary care and other healthcare professionals to improve the care of peopel over the age of 18 years with difficult to manage asthma.
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Fig. 1: GINA treatment recommendations for patients aged ≤5 years, 6–11 years and ≥12 years

npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine (2020) CC2
Adults and adolescents 12+ years. Asthma medication options: Adjust treatment up and down for individual patient needs
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The ‘jigsaw puzzle’ approach to building a diagnostic picture of asthma in primary care over time

Ryan, D.; Kocks, J.; Correia de Sousa, J. et al. International Primary Care Respiratory Group (2023) CC
Since there is no single objective diagnostic test for asthma this study suggests an approach of collecting and assembling pieces of clinical information to create a diagnostic picture, like making a jigsaw puzzle. These pieces should include demonstration of symptom and airway variability and/or br ... more
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Туберкулез (ТБ)

European Lung Foundation, European Respiratory Society European Lung Foundation, European Respiratory Society (2013) C1
Факты о туберкулезе
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Our Right to Health, Our Right to Clean Air - Improving air quality to address NCDs

NCD Alliance; Forum of International Respiratory Societies (2019) CC
This policy brief explores the impact of air pollution on health and address the air quality issue in the response to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). It also provides key actions that policy makers, NGOs and health professionals can take to ensure that every one can breathe clean air.
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Asbestos-related diseases in mineworkers: a clinicopathological study

Ndlovu, N.; Rees, D.; Murray, J.; et al. ERJ Open Research, part of the European Respiratory Society (ERS) (2017) CC
This study compared clinical and autopsy findings for three asbestos-related diseases (asbestosis, mesothelioma and lung cancer) in former asbestos mineworkers, and explored factors that influenced agreement between clinical and autopsy findings using data from two compensation systems. In South Afr ... more
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Under- and over-diagnosis of COPD: a global perspective

Ho T., Cusack R.P., Chaudhary N. et al. Breathe, part of the European Respiratory Society (ERS)​ (2019) CC2
The article "Under- and over-diagnosis of COPD: a global perspective" reviews the worldwide variation in the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and issues related to its misdiagnosis. It highlights that COPD is under-diagnosed due to factors such as limited access to spiromet ... more
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An estimate of asthma prevalence in Africa: a systematic analysis

Adeloye, D.; Chan, K. Y.; Rudan, I.; Campell, H. National Library of Medicine (2013) CC2
Chronic respiratory diseases (CRDs) are among the leading causes of death worldwide, with asthma rated the most common chronic disease affecting children (1). Globally, about 300 million people have asthma, and current trends suggest that an additio ... more
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Vigilância global, prevenção e controlo das doenças respiratórias crónicas: uma abordagem integradora

Bousquet, J.; Khaltaev, N. (2007) C_WHO
Chronic respiratory diseases, such as asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, kill more than four million people every year and affect hundreds of millions more. These diseases erode the health and well-being of the patients and have a ... more
 External Link
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Immunological Interactions of Tuberculosis with Drugs and Substance Use: A Systematic Review and Update

N. G. Kiobi, S. N. Nebere, J. K. Karanja (2016) CC
Journal of Pulmonary & Respiratory Medicine 6: 326. doi:10.4172/2161-105X.1000326
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Does the patient meet the case definition for a COVID-19 case?

Nation Institute for Communicable Diseases - Division of the National Health Laboratory Service Department: Health Republic of South Africa (2020) C2
Persons with acute respiratory illness with sudden onset of at least one of the following: cough, sore throat, shortness of breath or fever [≥ 38°C (measured) or history of fever (subjective)] irrespective of admission status AND In the 14 days p ... more
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Preliminary Stakeholder Engagement Plan (SEP)

India COVID-19 Emergency Response and Health Systems Preparedness Project (P173836) Ministery of Health and Familiy Welfare - Government of India (2020) C2
A new respiratory infectious disease, COVID-19, caused by a new coronavirus called SARS-CoV-2, emerged in early December 2019. Since then, the virus has spread to India and 106 other countries in Asia, Europe, North America, Africa, and Oceania. On ... more
 External Link
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Клиническое Ведение Тяжелой Острой Респираторной Инфекции

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
Данный курс предназначен для практикующих врачей, работающих в отделениях реанимации и интенсивной терапии (ОРИТ) в странах с низким и средним уровнем дохода, а та ... more
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ESC Guidance for the Diagnosis and Management of CV Disease during the COVID-19 Pandemic

European Society of Cardiology (2020) C1
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV‑2) causing coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has reached pandemic levels; Patients with cardiovascular (CV) risk factors and established cardiovascular disease (CVD) represent a vulnerab ... more
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Lineamientos técnicos para la atención en terapia respiratoria de pacientas con COVID-19

Ministerio de Salud El Salvador (2021) CC
Technical guidelines for respiratory therapy care of patients with COVID-19
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International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) - A handbook for pharmacists

Nunes da Cunha I., Autry E. et al International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) (2022) CC2
The document "Chronic Respiratory Diseases: A Handbook for Pharmacists" outlines the significant role pharmacists play in managing asthma and COPD, emphasizing patient education, disease prevention, medication management, and promoting healthy lifes ... more
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International ERS/ATS guidelines on definition, evaluation and treatment of severe asthma

Chung, K. F.; Wenzel, S. E.; Brozek, J. L.; et al. (2022) CC2
The European Respiratory Society (ERS)/American Thoracic Society (ATS) Task Force on severe asthma includes an updated definition of severe asthma, a discussion of severe asthma phenotypes in relation to genetics, natural history, pathobiology and p ... more
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Клінічна Допомога при Важкій Гострій Респіраторній Iнфекції
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
Clinical care for severe acute respiratory infection: toolkit: COVID-19 adaptation
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Клиническое ведение тяжелой острой респираторной инфекции: методическое пособие. Версия, адаптированная для борьбы с COVID-19
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
Clinical care for severe acute respiratory infection: toolkit: COVID-19 adaptation
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Flujograma de atención a pacientes sintomáticos-respiratorios sospechosos de COVID-19 (Documentacion del proceso)

Ministerio de Salud Pública de Ecuador (2020) CC
Flow chart for the care of symptomatic-respiratory patients suspected of COVID-19
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La Tuberculosis es curable

Ministerio de Salud, El Salvador (2021) CC
Website with information about TB and Respiratory diseases
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Challenges in the diagnosis of asthma in children, what are the solutions? A scoping review of 3 countries in sub Saharan Africa 2022

Magwenzi, P.; Rusakaniko, S.; Sibanda, E.N.; Gumbo, F.Z. (2022) CC2
Asthma is the commonest chronic respiratory tract disease in children. In low-income countries, challenges exist in asthma diagnosis. In surveys done in children, the prevalence of ‘asthma’ defined by symptoms is high compared to ‘doctor diagn ... more
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Prevalence of asthma in North Africa: the Asthma Insights and Reality in the Maghreb (AIRMAG) study

Nafti, S.; Taright, S.; El Ftouh, M.; et al. (2009) CC2
Bronchial asthma is the most frequent chronic respiratory disease in both adults and children. The prevalence and burden of asthma vary considerably between different regions of the world. Information on asthma in Africa is fragmentary and relativel ... more
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Understanding and controlling asthma in Latin America: A review of recent research informed by the SCAALA programme

Cooper, P. J.; Figueiredo, C. A.; Rodriguez, A.; et al. (2023) CC2
Asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease (CRD) worldwide and is estimated to affect 262 million causing significant mortality and morbidity, and has emerged as an important public health problem in many Latin American (LA) countries ove ... more
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What is Asthma?

National Asthma Education Programme (2012) CC2
Asthma: • is one of the most common respiratory complaints in the world today. • affects one in ten children (10%) and one in twenty adults (5%) • can occur for the first time at any age, even in adulthood. •usually begins before th ... more
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Kenya Asthma Management Guideline

Ministry of Health (2021) CC
Bonchial asthma is the most common chronic respiratory disease in the world. In Kenya, it has been estimated that about 7.5% of the Kenyan population, nearly 4 million people, are currently living with asthma. Many cases tend to be underdiagnosed an ... more
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Handbook for the Management of Public Health Events in Air Transport

World Health Organization WHO (2016) C_WHO
Updated with information on Ebola virus disease and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus A wide variety of health events ranging in severity may occur related to air transport, requiring different responses or, perhaps, no response at all. ... more
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Advisory for quarantine of migrant workers

Ministery of Health and Family Welfare - Government of India (2020) C2
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an acute infectious respiratory disease caused by a newly discovered coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). Most people infected with the COVID-19 virus experience mild to moderate ... more
 External Link
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Coronavirus, COVID-19, SARS

Stanford Guide; Antimicrobial Therapy (2020) C2
COVID-19 / SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) SARS-CoV-2: a respiratory coronavirus that emerged in late 2019 from live animal markets in Wuhan, China. Bats are the reservoir species.
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Interim recommendations on obligatory hand hygiene against transmission of COVID-19

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
Current evidence indicates that the COVID-19 virus is transmitted through respiratory droplets or contact. Contact transmission occurs when contaminated hands touch the mucosa of the mouth, nose, or eyes; the virus can also be transferred from one ... more
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Guidance on Setting Up an Isolation Ward for COVID-19 Cases
recommended

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) C1
This document simplifies the WHO guidance on severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) treatment centres and is meant to be accessible to healthcare workers, policymakers and others who want a quick overview of the key requirements for a COVID-19 i ... more
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Asthma and COVID-19: scientific brief, 19 April 2021

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO
People with asthma (PWA) generally are considered at higher risk from respiratory infections, as is seen annually with influenza. At the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, PWA were widely assumed to be at increased risk from COVID-19. However, as data ... more
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Asthma and COVID-19 (Arabic Version)

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO
People with asthma (PWA) generally are considered at higher risk from respiratory infections, as is seen annually with influenza. At the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, PWA were widely assumed to be at increased risk from COVID-19. However, as data ... more
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Protocolo Atención de enfermería a pacientes adultos con COVID-19 sin complicaciones respiratorias

Gavilanez Medina Patricia, Gualoto Lincango Blanca, Chamorro Obando Patricia et al Ministerio de Salud Pública del Ecuador (2020) CC
Nursing Care Protocol for adult patients with COVID-19 without respiratory complications
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Burden and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Sub-Saharan African countries, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of disease study 2019

Alemayohu, M.A.; Zanolin, M.E.; Cazzoletti, L.; et al. eClinicalMedicine (2023) CC2
The article analyzes the prevalence and risk factors of chronic respiratory diseases, focusing on sub-Saharan Africa. It highlights that environmental exposures, such as biomass fuel usage and air pollution, significantly contribute to ... more
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Assessing the nature of asthma in African epidemiological studies: a scoping review protocol

Ndlovu, V.; Chimbari, M.J.; Sibanda, E. (2020) CC2
Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory conditions in the world and is increasing in prevalence, particularly in Africa and other low-income countries. The disproportionately high numbers of premature deaths and severe or uncontrolled c ... more
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Algorithm for asthma diagnosis and management at Chitungwiza Central Hospital, Zimbabwe

Ndarukwa, P.; Chimbari, M.J.; Sibanda, E.N. (2020) CC2
asthma is a chronic inflammatory and a heterogeneous condition of respiratory system whose pathogenesis is linked with variable structural changes. The clinical manifestation of asthma includes attacks of breathlessness, cough, chest tightness and w ... more
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Assessing the nature of asthma in African epidemiological studies: a scoping review protocol 2020

Ndlovu, V.; Chimbari, M.J.; Sibanda, E. (2020) CC2
Asthma is one of the most common chronic respiratory conditions in the world and is increasing in prevalence, particularly in Africa and other low-income countries. The disproportionately high numbers of premature deaths and severe or uncontrolled c ... more
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WHO Regional Office for Europe advice on the use of experimental medicines for the treatment of COVID-19 patients

World Health Organization (Europe) (2020) C_WHO
9 April 2020 WHO has published the guidance “Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) when COVID-19 disease is suspected” This document is intended for clinicians taking care of hospitalized adult and paediatric patients ... more
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Breastfeeding and COVID-19. FAQ

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
Mothers and healthcare workers who support them have many questions and concerns about whether it is safe for mothers with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 to be close to and breastfeed their babies during the pandemic. To address their questions, WHO has released a list of Frequently asked question ... more
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Case characteristics, resource use, and outcomes of 10021 patients with COVID-19 admitted to 920 German hospitals: an observational study

Karagiannidis, C.; et al. (2020) C1
DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30316-7 The Lancet Respiratory Medicine
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Loss of life expectancy from air pollution compared to other risk factors: a worldwide perspective

Lelieveld, J.; Pozzer, A.; Pöschl, U. et al. Cardiovascular Research (2020) CC
Long-term exposure of humans to air pollution enhances the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. A novel Global Exposure Mortality Model (GEMM) has been derived from many cohort studies, providing much-improved coverage of the exposure to ... more
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Asthma education for Medical Professionals and the Public

National Asthma Education Programme (2024) CC2
Asthma is a chronic lung disease, a respiratory condition marked by spasms in the bronchi of the lungs. It causes difficulty in breathing, and includes symptoms such as coughing, wheezing and shortness of breath. Asthma affects people in varying deg ... more
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Considerations for Preparedness

CDC; John Hopkins University (2015) CC
Planning and preparedness are the keys to dealing effectively with threats that include infectious diseases caused by SARS and the Middle East Respiratory Syndrome or MERS, novel influenza viruses like H1N1, and Ebola. During outbreaks or epidemics ... more
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Nipah virus

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO
Fact Sheet, May 2018. Nipah virus (NiV) is a zoonotic virus (it is transmitted from animals to humans) and can also be transmitted through contaminated food or directly between people. In infected people, it causes a range of illnesses from asymptomatic (subclinical) infection to acute ... more
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WHO Guidelines on tuberculosis infection prevention and control, 2019 update
recommended

World Health Organization (WHO) (2019) C_WHO
The revised guidelines contain recommendations for specific administrative, environmental controls and respiratory protection, following the assessment made by an external group of experts convened as members of the Guideline Development Group. More ... more
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Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) in the context of COVID-19
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO
This course provides information on what facilities should be doing to be prepared to respond to a case of an emerging respiratory virus such as the novel coronavirus, how to identify a case once it occurs, and how to properly implement IPC measures ... more
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Operational considerations for managing COVID-19 cases/outbreak on board ships

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C1
This document has been prepared based on the evidence currently available about Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission (human-to-human transmission via respiratory droplets or direct contact from an infected individual). It is recommende ... more
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National Primary Health Care Development Agency: Preparedness and response to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) at primary healthcare and community level
recommended

Government of Nigeria (2020) C1
This document sets out the preparedness and response plan of the Nigerian Primary Health Care System for COVID-19 Acute Respiratory Disease. It outlines the planning scenarios, key areas of work and priority activities required for the Primary Healt ... more
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Role of primary care in the COVID-19 response

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
Primary care can play a significant role in the COVID-19 response by differentiating patients with respiratory symptoms from those with COVID-19, making an early diagnosis, helping vulnerable people cope with their anxiety about the virus, and reduc ... more
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Hand Hygiene and COVID-19
recommended

Geffert, K.; and S. Mauder MEDBOX (2020) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief No.2. The main route of transmission of the Sars-CoV-2 virus are small respiratory droplets. Therefore, thoroughly cleaning of hands with either alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water is one of the corner stones of basic protec ... more
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Requirements and technical specifications of personal protective equipment (PPE) for the novel coronavirus (2019-ncov) in healthcare settings

Pan American Health Organization PAHO (2020) C_WHO
In December 2019 a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was identified as the causative agent of a severe acute respiratory illness among people exposed in a seafood market in Wuhan, China; • Human-to-human transmission has been documented, including in ... more
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Coronavirus Infectious Disease 2019 (COVID-19)

Lecturio (2020) CC
In this video, you will be provided with an overview of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV 2). This lecture will cover the general characteristics of coronaviruses and the origin of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). ... more
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Considerations for the use of face masks in the community in the context of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant of concern

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC (2022) CC
Wearing a face mask can help reduce the spread of COVID-19 in the community by reducing the release of respiratory droplets from asymptomatic / pre-symptomatic individuals or those with mild non-specific symptoms. The use of face masks for this purp ... more
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Position statement for adult and paediatric spirometry in South Africa: 2022 update

Maree, D.M.; Swanepoel, R.A.; Swart, F. et al. African Journal of Thoracic and Critical Care Medicine (2022) CC
Spirometry is required as part of the comprehensive evaluation of both adult and paediatric individuals with suspected or confirmed respiratory diseases and occupational assessments. It is used in the categorisation of impairment, grading of severit ... more
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Information Sheet on Lung Health & TB in Africa

National Istitute for Health Research (2019) CC2
Globally, it is estimated that 1 billion people suffer from acute and chronic respiratory conditions, making them major causes of illness and death. Although there is a relative lack of data and evidence on lung diseases beyond tuberculosis (TB) in ... more
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Secondhand Smoke infographics - Center for Disease Control and Prevention CDC

Center for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2015) CC2
Secondhand smoke and the harmful chemicals in it are known causes of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome RESPIRATORY INFECTIONS, ear infections.and asthma attacks in infants and children. They are also known causes of HEART DISEASE,stroke, and lung can ... more
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Silica-associated lung disease: An old-world exposure in modern industries

Barnes, H.; Goh, N. S. L.; Leong, T. L.; Hoy, R. Official Journal of the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology (2019) CC2
Silicosis is not a new disease; the impact of silica dust on respiratory function was observed by Hippocrates in 430 B.C. and in the 16th century by Agricol. In 1713, Rammazini described silicotic nodules in post-mortems of stone cutters presentin ... more
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Impact of COVID-19 on Pediatric Asthma: Practice Adjustments and Disease Burden

Papadopoulos, N.G.; Custovic, A.; Deschildre, A. et al. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice (2020) CC
Coronavirus disease 2019 has a mild disease course in children and adolescents. Chronic respiratory conditions, including asthma, have been suggested as risk factors; however, asthma in children is highly variable in both triggers and severity. Du ... more
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Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases: Guidelines for Primary Health Care in Low-Resource Settings
recommended

S. Bahendeka, S.Colagiuri, S. Mendis, et al. WHO (2012) C_WHO
Cancer, diabetes, heart disease and stroke, chronic respiratory disease
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Anaesthesia And Perioperative Care

Mark Newton Stella A. Eguma Olamide O. Dairo (2010) C2
Chapter 10 of Pediatric Surgery: This chapter provides an overview of some of the challenges when providing anaesthesia care for children in Africa. The chapter reviews the cardiac, respiratory, and renal differences of children in comparison to ad ... more
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Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases 2013-2020

World Health Organization WHO (2013) C_WHO
The "Global NCD action plan" provides a road map and a menu of policy options for countries to take in order to attain the 9 voluntary global targets, including that of a 25% relative reduction in premature mortality from cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes or chronic ... more
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Frequently asked Questions about Coronavirus (COVID-2019)

Republic of Kenya Ministry of Health (2020) C2
Accessed: 02.05.2020 Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that are known to cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) and Severe Acute ... more
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Empfehlungen zur Diagnostik und Therapie nichttuberkulöser Mykobakteriosen

N. Schönfeld, W. Haas, E. Richter et al. (2013) C2
des Deutschen Zentralkomitees zur Bekämpfung der Tuberkulose (DZK) und der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Pneumologie und Beatmungsmedizin (DGP) Recommendations for Diagnosis and Treatment of Nontuberculous Mycobacterioses of the German Central Committee against Tuberculosis and the German ... more
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Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) advice for the public

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C1
WHO’s standard recommendations for the general public to reduce exposure to and transmission of a range of illnesses are as follows, which include hand and respiratory hygiene, and safe food practices. You can download a range of posters directly ... more
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Impact of non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) to reduce COVID-19 mortality and healthcare demand
recommended

Neil M Ferguson, Daniel Laydon, Gemma Nedjati-Gilani, Natsuko Imai, Kylie Ainslie, Marc Baguelin, Sangeeta Bhatia, Adhiratha Boonyasiri, Zulma Cucunubá, Gina Cuomo-Dannenburg, Amy Dighe, Ilaria Dorigatti, Han Fu, Katy Gaythorpe, Will Green, Arran Hamlet, Wes Hinsley, Lucy C Okell, Sabine van Elsland, Hayley Thompson, Robert Verity, Erik Volz, Haowei Wang, Yuanrong Wang, Patrick GT Walker, Caroline Walters, Peter Winskill, Charles Whittaker, Christl A Donnelly, Steven Riley, Azra C Ghani. Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team (2020) C1
The global impact of COVID-19 has been profound, and the public health threat it represents is the most serious seen in a respiratory virus since the 1918 H1N1 influenza pandemic. Here we present the results of epidemiological modelling which has in ... more
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OpenWHO: Introduction to COVID-19 video in Indian Sign Language

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C1
This course consists of a video which provides an introduction to COVID-19 in Indian Sign Language. Coronaviruses are a large family of viruses that are known to cause illness ranging from the common cold to more severe diseases such as Middle East Resp ... more
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Уход на дому за пациентами со слабо выраженными симптомами COVID-19 и тактика ведения контактных лиц

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
Временные рекомендации 17 марта 2020 г. Данный документ представляет собой адаптированную версию временных рекомендаций, разработанных для ближневосточного респ ... more
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What you need to know about HIV and COVID-19 in the context of human mobility

ONUSIDA; Response for Venezuelans (R4V) (2020) C2
COVID-19 is a disease caused by a new strain of coronavirus, a new coronavirus associated with the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) viruses family and some coronaviruses associated with common cold. There is still no evidence that persons l ... more
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COVID-19 and HIV News

Nam Aidsmap (2020) C2
Coronavirus and HIV. The impact of the new coronavirus pandemic on people with HIV, sexual health and HIV services. The new virus is called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) while the illness it causes is coronavirus disea ... more
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Addressing non communicable diseases in the COVID-19 response

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
People with underlying noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as hypertension, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory disease and cancer have a high risk for developing severe and even fatal COVID-19. It is important for them to strictl ... more
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Action Protocol for Enhanced SARI and ILI Surveillance for COVID-19 in Africa

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) C2
March 2020 The number of African Union Member States reporting COVID- 19 cases is increasing and there is a likelihood of community transmission. The WHO recently modified the COVID-19 suspect case definition to include severe acute respiratory in ... more
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Action Protocol for Enhanced SARI and ILI Surveillance for COVID-19 in Africa (Arabic)

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) C2
March 2020 The number of African Union Member States reporting COVID- 19 cases is increasing and there is a likelihood of community transmission. The WHO recently modified the COVID-19 suspect case definition to include severe acute respiratory ... more
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Operational considerations for COVID-19 management in the accommodation sector: interim guidance, 30 April 2020

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
Several countries have demonstrated that COVID-19 transmission from one person to another can be slowed or stopped. This document has been prepared based on the evidence currently available about Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) transmission (human-to-human transmission primarily via ... more
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If You Are Pregnant, Breastfeeding, or Caring for Young Children - Covid-19

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2020) C_CDC
Although there are currently no data showing that COVID-19 affects pregnant people differently than others, we do know that pregnant people are at greater risk of getting sick from other respiratory viruses than people who are not pregnant. Sometime ... more
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Decontamination and sterilization of medical devices

Open WHO; World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
The decontamination of instruments and medical devices plays a very important role in the prevention of health care-associated infections (HAIs). Indeed, improper decontamination of surgical instruments, endoscopic devices, respiratory care devices ... more
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Position Statement on transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by pre-asymptomatic and asymptomatic individuals

Africa CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) C1
Over the past weeks, there has been wide media attention on the risk of transmission of the novel coronavirus [severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)] by asymptomatic individuals. This situation has also been extensively discus ... more
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Technical and Regulatory Aspects of the Extended Use, Reuse, and Reprocessing of Respirators during Shortages
recommended

Pan American Health Organization PAHO (2020) C_WHO
N95 or equivalent respirators are single-use personal protective equipment (PPE) designed for use by health workers that provide direct care to patients with diseases transmitted by aerosols or during aerosol generating procedures (AGP) for patients with acute ... more
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Public health surveillance for COVID-19: interim guidance 14 February 2022
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO
22 July 2022. This document summarizes current WHO guidance for public health surveillance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2).
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Guidance on Setting Up an Isolation Ward for COVID-19 Cases (Arabic Version)
recommended

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) C1
إرشاداتٌ حول إنشاء عنابر العزل الخاصة بالحالات المصابة بفيروس كورونا المستجد This document simplifies the WHO guidance on severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) treatment centr ... more
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Antigen-detection in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO
Interim guidance, 6 October 2021 Direct detection of SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins (antigens) in nasal swabs and other respiratory secretions using lateral flow immunoassays (also known as rapid diagnostic tests, RDTs) offers a faster and less expensiv ... more
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Checklist to support schools re-opening and preparation for COVID-19 resurgences or similar public health crises
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
The checklist is aligned with, and builds upon, existing COVID-19-related WHO guidelines and is structured around protective measures related to: 1) hand hygiene and respiratory etiquette; 2) physical distancing; 3) use of masks in schools; 4) envir ... more
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Prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases in Kazakhstan. The case for investment

World Health Organization WHO (2019) C_WHO
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases and their risk factors are an increasing public health and development challenge in Kazakhstan. This report provides evidence through t ... more
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Prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases in Turkey - The case for investment

Kontsevaya A, Farrington J, Balcılar M, Ergüder T World Health Organization (2018) C_WHO
Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and chronic respiratory diseases and their risk factors are an increasing public health and development challenge in Turkey. This report provides evidence through thre ... more
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Monitoring and Evaluation of COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Diagnostic Test Rollout in Africa
recommended

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2021) C1
Limited coverage of laboratory services and long turnaround times from real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) for the detection of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been insufficient to mee ... more
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Public health surveillance for COVID-19: interim guidance 16 December 2020 (Arab Version)
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
This document summarizes current WHO guidance for public health surveillance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (hereafter referred to as COVID19 sur ... more
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Эпидемиологический надзор за COVID-19
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
16 December 2020. This document summarizes current WHO guidance for public health surveillance of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans caused by infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) (hereafter referred ... more
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The Use of Pulse Oximeter by Public & Healthcare Providers in the Community for Suspected and Confirmed COVID-19 Cases
recommended

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2021) CC
27 May 2021 This is a document to support the use of pulse oximeter for assessment of suspected and confirmed cases of Covid-19 in the community. It is a well-known fact that Covid-19 can present as “happy hypoxia” with minimum symptoms of severe res ... more