These guidelines are based on the 3rd Edition of the WHO Guidelines (Published 2015) World Health Organization’s Guidelines for the treatment of <span class="attribute-to-highlight medbox">malaria</span>. Additional literature surveys have been undertaken. Factors that were considered in the choice of therapeutic options included effectiveness, safety, and impact on <span class="attribute-to-highlight medbox">malaria</span> transmission and on the emergence and spread of antimalarial drug resistance. On-going surveillance is critical given the spread of artemisinin resistance in Southeast Asia, although not yet confirmed anywhere in Africa. The guidelines on the treatment of <span class="attribute-to-highlight medbox">malaria</span> in <span class="attribute-to-highlight medbox">South</span> Africa aim to facilitate effective, appropriate and timeous treatment of <span class="attribute-to-highlight medbox">malaria</span>, thereby reducing the burden of this disease in our communities. This is essential to further reduce the <span class="attribute-to-highlight medbox">malaria</span> case fatality rates currently recorded in <span class="attribute-to-highlight medbox">South</span> Africa, to decrease <span class="attribute-to-highlight medbox">malaria</span> transmission and to limit resistance to antimalarial drugs.