BMC Medicine201210:107
https://doi.org/10.1186/1741-7015-10-107© Katchanov and Birbeck; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. 2012
Received: 10 July 2012Accepted: 24 September 2012Published: 24 September 2012
In 2011, the World Health Organization’s (WHO) mental health Gap Action Programme (mhGAP) r...eleased evidence-based epilepsy-care guidelines for use in low and middle income countries (LAMICs). From a
geographical, sociocultural, and political perspective, LAMICs represent a heterogenous group with significant differences in the epidemiology, etiology, and perceptions of epilepsy. Successful implementation of
the guidelines requires local adaptation for use within individual countries. For effective implementation and sustainability, the sense of ownership and empowerment must be transferred from the global health authorities to the local people. Sociocultural and financial barriers that impede the implementation of the guidelines should be
identified and ameliorated. Impact assessment and program revisions should be planned and a budget allocated to them. If effectively implemented, as intended, at the primary-care level, the mhGAP
guidelines have the potential to facilitate a substantial reduction in the epilepsy treatment gap and improve the quality of epilepsy care in resource-limited settings.
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Guía para la rehabilitación basada en la comunidad (RBC)
En el 2003, una Consulta Internacional para Revisar a Rehabilitación Basada en la Comunidad, celebrada en Helsinki, hizo un número de recomendaciones. Seguidamente, la rehabilitación basada en la comunidad se volvió a posicionar con una... propuesta de posición conjunta de la OIT, UNESCO y OMS, como una estrategia dentro del desarrollo comunal general para la rehabilitación, la equiparación de oportunidades, la reducción de la pobreza y la inclusión social de las personas con discapacidad.
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Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a major public health challenge, which is recognized as high priority area by the Government of India. The increasing consumption of antibiotics is one of the key drivers of antimicrobial resistance seen in bugs of public health importance. Irrational prescription o...f broad-spectrum antibiotics, poor regulations around sale of antibiotics, self-medication, lack of education and awareness regarding responsible use of antibiotics have been identified as some of the key factors driving antimicrobial resistance in our country. The ‘National Health Policy’ (2017), addresses antimicrobial resistance as one of the key issues and prioritises development of guidelines regarding antibiotic use, limiting the over-the-counter use of antibiotics, restricting the use of antibiotics as growth promoters in livestock, and pharmaco-vigilance including prescription audit inclusive of antibiotic usage in the hospital and community.
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Exposure to air pollution causes 7 million deaths worldwide every year and costs an estimated US$ 5.11 trillion in welfare losses globally. In the 15 countries that emit the most greenhouse gas emissions, the health impacts of air pollution are estimated to cost more than 4% of their GDP. Actions to... meet the Paris goals would cost around 1% of global GDP. The report provides recommendations for governments on how to maximize the health benefits of tackling climate change and avoid the worst health impacts of this global challenge.
It describes how countries around the world are now taking action to protect lives from the impacts of climate change – but that the scale of support remains woefully inadequate, particularly for the small island developing states, and least developed countries. Only approximately 0.5% of multilateral climate funds dispersed for climate change adaptation have been allocated to health projects
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The main objective of this guidance is to provide scientific advice, based on an evidence-based assessment of targeted public health interventions, to facilitate effective screening and vaccination for priority infectious diseases among newly arrived migrant populations to the EU/EEA. It is intended... to support EU/EEA Member States to develop national strategies to strengthen infectious disease prevention and control among migrants and meet the health needs of these populations.
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One health Response to AMR Containment.
In a significant move for the public health sector, Kerala has become the first state in India to launch an action plan to combat the growing cases of antimicrobial immunity, arising primarily from irrational use of medicines and excessive antibiotics used in... livestock and poultry.
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Reading Material for ASHA no.8
El Estado Mundial de la Infancia 2017 trata sobre un tema extraordinario que influye cada vez más en casi todos los aspectos de la vida de millones de niños en todo el mundo y, de hecho, de todos nosotros: la tecnología digital. A medida que aumenta la influencia de la tecnología digital, y espe...cialmente de internet, el debate sobre sus repercusiones se intensifica: ¿es una bendición para la humanidad, ya que ofrece oportunidades ilimitadas para la comunicación y el comercio, el aprendizaje y la libertad de expresión? ¿O es una amenaza para nuestra forma de vida, ya que socava el tejido social, incluso el orden político, y amenaza nuestro bienestar?
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Child marriage is defined as a formal or informal union before the age of 18. The practice affects mostly girls. While child marriage is especially prevalent in low and lower-middle income countries, it is also observed in other countries. It endangers the life trajectories of girls in multiple ways.... Child brides are at greater risk of experiencing a range of poor health outcomes, having children at younger ages when they are not yet ready to do so, dropping out of school, earning less over their lifetimes and living in poverty compared to their peers who marry at later ages. Child brides may also be more likely to experience intimate partner violence, have restricted physical mobility, and limited decision making ability. M
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EVALUATION REPORT | This evaluation is the first comprehensive global exercise to examine UNICEF’s programme response in protecting children in emergencies. Its purpose is to strengthen child protection programming by assessing performance in recent years and to draw lessons and recommendations th...at will influence ongoing and future programmes. It is expected that the findings of the evaluation will inform the roll-out of the Strategic Plan 2014-2017. The evaluation design includes country case studies analysing outcomes for children against the medium term strategic plan (MTSP, 2006-2013), the CCCs and selected evaluation questions. Twelve countries provided data for the analysis, four as case studies with country visits and standalone reports (Colombia, Democratic Republic of the Congo [DRC], Pakistan and South Sudan) and a further eight countries as desk studies (Afghanistan, Haiti, Myanmar, Philippines, Somalia, Sri Lanka, State of Palestine and Sudan). Four of the countries (Haiti, Myanmar, Pakistan and the Philippines) are disaster-affected and sudden-onset contexts while the remainder are primarily contexts of protracted conflict that include sudden-onset upsurges in violence.
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EVALUATION REPORT | Esta evaluación es el primer ejercicio mundial de carácter amplio para examinar la respuesta programática del UNICEF en la protección de la infancia en situaciones de emergencia. Su objetivo es fortalecer los programas de protección de la infancia mediante la evaluación del... desempeño en los últimos años y extraer lecciones y recomendaciones que influyan en los programas actuales y futuros. Se espera que los resultados de la evaluación sirvan de base para la puesta en marcha del Plan Estratégico de 2014 a 2017. El diseño de la evaluación incluye estudios de caso de países que analizan los resultados en favor de la infancia con respecto al plan estratégico de mediano plazo (PEMP), los compromisos básicos y preguntas de evaluación seleccionadas. Doce países proporcionaron datos para el análisis, cuatro como estudios de caso con visitas a los países e informes independientes (Colombia, Pakistán, República Democrática del Congo y Sudán del Sur) y otros ocho países con estudios documentales (Afganistán, Estado de Palestina, Filipinas, Haití, Myanmar, Somalia, Sri Lanka y Sudán). Cuatro de los países (Filipinas, Haití, Myanmar y Pakistán) son países afectados por desastres y contextos repentinos, mientras que el resto son sobre todo contextos de conflictos prolongados que incluyen levantamientos violentos repentinos8
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Every five minutes a child dies as the result of violence, according to a ground-breaking report from Unicef UK. The report reveals that the vast majority of children are killed outside warzones and that physical, sexual and emotional abuse is widespread with millions of children unsafe in their hom...es, schools and communities. Some 345 children could die from violence each day in the next year, unless governments act.
The report also finds that:
(1) Children who are victims of violence have brain activity similar to soldiers exposed to combat;
(2) A third of children who are victims of violence are likely to develop long-lasting symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder;
(3) Those living in poverty are more likely to be victims of violence, wherever they live in the world;
(4) Over 7% of child deaths due to violence each day are the result of interpersonal violence, rather than conflict.
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EVALUATION REPORT | Cette évaluation représente la première tentative mondiale d’examiner les interventions programmatiques de l’UNICEF menées dans le but de protéger les enfants lors des situations ’urgence. Elle a pour objectif de renforcer la programmation en matière de protection de ...l’enfance en évaluant les résultats accomplis au cours des dernières années, ainsi que de tirer des enseignements et faire des recommandations susceptibles d’avoir une influence sur les programmes en cours et futurs. Les conclusions de l’évaluation étaieront la mise en œuvre du Plan stratégique pour la période 2014-2017. L’évaluation comprend des études de cas nationales analysant les résultats en faveur des enfants à la lumière du plan stratégique à moyen terme (PSMT, 2006-2013), des Principaux engagements pour les enfants dans l’action humanitaire et des thèmes choisis pour l’évaluation. Douze pays ont fourni des données pour l’analyse, quatre sous forme d’études de cas avec visites dans le pays et rapports spéciaux (Colombie, Pakistan, République démocratique du Congo (RDC) et Soudan du Sud) et huit autres pays sous forme d’études théoriques (Afghanistan, État de Palestine, Haïti, Myanmar, Philippines, Somalie, Soudan et Sri Lanka). Quatre des pays (Haïti, Myanmar, Pakistan et Philippines) sont frappés par des catastrophes naturelles et des conflits soudains tandis que les autres souffrent surtout de conflits de longue durée connaissant parfois des éruptions soudaines de violence.
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DIAGNOSING PTSD IN CHILDHOOD | The following literature review addresses the developmental and domain-specific consequences of previous and current diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in pre-adolescent children. PTSD was introduced in 1980 to capture extreme responses follow...ing a traumatic event. I analyze the evolution of the disorder’s diagnostic criteria toward a more developmentally conscious structure. I also examine instances in which these criteria lack developmental consistency: (1) preschool PTSD is the only diagnostic subtype despite the fact that childhood development also differentiates traumatic expressions in older children from adolescents and adults; and (2) many of the PTSD epidemiological data that have been reanalyzed under the most recent (DSM-5) typology only refer to adolescent and adult samples although many researchers have
demonstrated that developmental alterations to DSM-IV and DSM-IV-TR criteria produce significantly higher prevalence rates in children.
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Research Article | Aim: This study aimed to find the most common stressors facing the adolescents in the Gaza Strip, to explore the types and severity of the traumatic experiences, and to estimate the prevalence rate of post-traumatic events.
J Trauma Crit Care 2017 Volume 1 Issue 2 pp-25-33
Republic of The Gambia; Accessed on 31.01.2019