the aid library

A guide to monitoring and evaluation for collaborative TB/HIV activities

A. Kanchar; H.Getahun; P. Glaziou; et al. World Health Organization (WHO); PEPFAR; UNAIDS; et al. (2015) C_WHO

Monitoring of implementation of collaborative TB/HIV activities and evaluation of impact is critically important. This requires efficient monitoring and evaluation system so as to establish accounta... more

Mpox Testing Strategy - November 2024

Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2024) CC

Mpox is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the mpox virus, a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus closely related to the variola virus that causes smallpox. Mpox was first discovered in 1958 when outbreaks of a pox-like disease occurred in monkeys kept for research. The first human case was recorde...d in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) during a period of intensified effort to eliminate smallpox and since then the infection has been reported in a number of African countries. Mpox can spread in humans through close contact, usually skin-to-skin contact, including sexual contact, with an infected person or animal, as well as with materials contaminated with the virus such as clothing, beddings and towels, and respiratory droplets in prolonged face to face contact. People remain infectious from the onset of symptoms until all the lesions have scabbed and healed. The virus may spread from infected animals through handling infected meat or through bites or scratches. Diagnosis is confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of material from a lesion for the virus’s DNA. Two separate clades of the mpox virus are currently circulating in Africa: Clade I, which includes subclades Ia and Ib, and Clade II, comprising subclades IIa and IIb. Clade Ia and Clade Ib have been associated with ongoing human-to-human transmission and are presently responsible for outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), while Clade Ib is also contributing to outbreaks in Burundi and other countries. In 2022‒2023 mpox caused a global outbreak in over 110 countries, most of which had no previous history of the disease, primarily driven by human-to-human transmission of clade II through sexual contact. In just over a year, over 90,000 cases and 150 deaths were reported to the WHO. For the second time since 2022, mpox has been declared a global health emergency as the virus spreads rapidly across the African continent. On 13 Aug 2024, Africa CDC declared the ongoing mpox outbreak a Public Health Emergency of Continental Security (PHECS), marking the first such declaration by the agency since its inception in 2017.7 This declaration empowered the Africa CDC to lead and coordinate responses to the mpox outbreak across affected African countries. On August 14, 2024, the WHO declared the resurgence of mpox a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) emphasizing the need for coordinated international response. As of August 2024, Mpox has expanded beyond its traditional endemic regions, with new cases reported in countries including Sweden, Thailand, the Philippines, and Pakistan. Sweden has confirmed its first case of Clade 1 variant, which has been rapidly spreading in Africa, particularly in DRC. The emergence of this new variant raises concerns about its potential for higher lethality and transmission rates outside Africa. more

Tuberculosis surveillance and monitoring in Europe - 2020 data
recommended

WHO Regional Office for Europe (WHOEurope) and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). (2022) C1

TB remains one of the world’s deadliest infectious diseases, second only to COVID-19, and drug-resistant TB strains are still a major concern. In the fight against TB, urgent investment is critical, especially in the context of the ongoing pandemi... more

Prevention and control of epidemic meningococcal disease in Africa

WHO (2002)

Report of a WHO technical consultation meeting Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

Liberia HIV and AIDS Response Monitoring and Evaluation Plan 2015-2020

National AIDS Commission Liberia (2015) C1

National Preparedness and Response Plan for the Prevention and Control of Ebola Viral Disease (Ghana)

Ministry of Health, Ghana (2014)

Pandemic influenza preparedness and response WHO guidance document. Extract Phase 5-6 Pandemic

World Health Organization WHO (2009) C_WHO

Nepal: Integrated Biological and Behavioral Surveilleance (IBBS) among Female Sex Workers in Pokhara Valley Round V, 2016

National Center for AIDS and STD Control (2016) C1

Epidemic meningitis surveillance in the African meningitis belt

World Health Organization WHO (2014) C_WHO

Fighting Cholera - Operational Handbook: Response to outbreaks and risk prevention in endemic areas

Solidarités International (2018) CC

Cholera is a diarrhoeal disease that is usually contracted when drinking water contaminated with Vibrio cholerae bacteria. The fight against this disease requires a multidisciplinary approach that combines a water, hygiene and sanitation (WaSH) ... with a monitoring system, improved water supply and quality, sanitation and hygiene, and a health response with the treatment of the disease itself. more

Influenza Pandemic Preparedness and Response Plan

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Nirman Bhawan New Delhi (2006) C1

Preparedness and Response Plan for Chikungunya Virus Introduction in the Caribbean sub-region

Pan American Health Organization; World Health Organization Regional (2013)

Caribbean Sub-regional Training Workshop. Introducing the new guidelines: Preparedness and Response for Chikungunya Virus Introduction in the Americas in the context of Dengue

Preparedness and Response for Chikungunya Virus Introduction in the Americas
recommended

Pan American Health Organization; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2011) C_WHO

Tuberculosis surveillance and monitoring in Europe 2020-2019 data

World Health Organization; European Centre for disease prevention and Control (2021) C_WHO

Surveillance Report

National Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance (IBBS), India 2014-15

National AIDSControl (NACO), Government of India; Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2015) C1

Pandemic influenza preparedness and response WHO guidance document

World Health Organization (2009)

This document should be used in conjunction with the WHO checklist for influenza preparedness planning published by the World Health Organization in 2005. Available in English; Chinese; French

Zika virus disease epidemic: Preparedness planning guide for diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2016) C1

The threat posed by Zika virus infection highlights the need to reinforce preparedness arrangements for mosquito-borne diseases in EU/EEA countries, especially for pathogens transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. The aim of this documen... more

Mpox Continental Preparedness and Response Plan for Africa
recommended

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

On August 13, 2024, the Africa CDC declared the mpox outbreak a Public Health Emergency of Continental Security (PHECS). The following day, the WHO declared it a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). A coordinated, continent-wide respon... is essential, co-led by the African Union (AU) through the Africa CDC and the World Health Organization (WHO), in close collaboration with global partners working under a unified plan, budget, and monitoring framework. more

Regional strategic preparedness and response plan Covid-19: West and Central Africa

International Organization for Migration IOM (2020) C2

How to respond to Covid19 pandemic in West and Central Africa