Rev Méd Hondur, Vol 88, Núm 2, 202
Según las estimaciones, en las Américas hay entre 6 y 8 millones de personas con infección por T. cruzi, con aproximadamente 30 000 casos nuevos por año por transmisión vectorial, y 8000 casos nuevos anuales por transmisión congénita. Es decir, cerca de 65 millones de personas viven en la Reg...ión con el riesgo de contraer la infección. Además, durante cualquiera de las fases de esta parasitosis, las personas con la infección pueden sufrir algún grado de inmunosupresión, bien sea por una infección, una neoplasia o por un tratamiento farmacológico. En este decálogo se exponen los conceptos más importantes para tener en cuenta frente a la coexistencia de inmunosupresión y la infección por el T. cruzi.
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OBJETIVO DE LA GUÍA
Describir los lineamientos técnicos de la vigilancia de tuberculosis por el laboratorio, así como los
procesos de obtención, recolección, procesamiento, transporte y conservación de muestras, y las
funciones que se realizan y articulan por todos los integra...ntes de la Red Nacional de Laboratorios.
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Technical guidelines for testing for COVID-19 in the clinical laboratories of the National Integrated Health System.
PlosOne December 10, 2014 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111913
Plastic pollution is ubiquitous throughout the marine environment, yet estimates of the global abundance and weight of floating plastics have lacked data, particularly from the Southern Hemisphere and remote regions. Here we re...port an estimate of the total number of plastic particles and their weight floating in the world's oceans from 24 expeditions (2007–2013) across all five sub-tropical gyres, costal Australia, Bay of Bengal and the Mediterranean Sea conducting surface net tows (N = 680) and visual survey transects of large plastic debris (N = 891). Using an oceanographic model of floating debris dispersal calibrated by our data, and correcting for wind-driven vertical mixing, we estimate a minimum of 5.25 trillion particles weighing 268,940 tons. When comparing between four size classes, two microplastic <4.75 mm and meso- and macroplastic >4.75 mm, a tremendous loss of microplastics is observed from the sea surface compared to expected rates of fragmentation, suggesting there are mechanisms at play that remove <4.75 mm plastic particles from the ocean surface.
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PNAS 119 (8) e2113947119 | https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2113947119
Environmental exposure to active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) can have negative effects on the health of ecosystems and humans. While numerous studies have monitored APIs in rivers, these employ different analytical methods, m...easure different APIs, and have ignored many of the countries of the world. This makes it difficult to quantify the scale of the problem from a global perspective. Furthermore, comparison of the existing data, generated for different studies/regions/continents, is challenging due to the vast differences between the analytical methodologies employed. Here, we present a global-scale study of API pollution in 258 of the world’s rivers, representing the environmental influence of 471.4 million people across 137 geographic regions. Samples were obtained from 1,052 locations in 104 countries (representing all continents and 36 countries not previously studied for API contamination) and analyzed for 61 APIs. Highest cumulative API concentrations were observed in sub-Saharan Africa, south Asia, and South America. The most contaminated sites were in low- to middle-income countries and were associated with areas with poor wastewater and waste management infrastructure and pharmaceutical manufacturing. The most frequently detected APIs were carbamazepine, metformin, and caffeine (a compound also arising from lifestyle use), which were detected at over half of the sites monitored. Concentrations of at least one API at 25.7% of the sampling sites were greater than concentrations considered safe for aquatic organisms, or which are of concern in terms of selection for antimicrobial resistance. Therefore, pharmaceutical pollution poses a global threat to environmental and human health, as well as to delivery of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.
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The Lancet Regional Health - Americas 2022;00: 100248 Published online xxx https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lana.2022.100248.
The Lancet Countdown report, discuss the overlapping social, climate and health challenges in Latin America and the Caribbean, and urge multisectoral and political action to trans...form these challenges into opportunities through adaptation and mitigation measures that place peoples’ health and wellbeing at the centre of public policies. Latin American and Caribbean governments are called upon to promote climate-resilient health care systems with adaptation plans that are tailored to guarantee quality access to care for all in this viewpoint.
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This Summary for Policymakers (SPM) presents key findings of the Working Group I (WGI) contribution to the IPCC’s Sixth Assessment Report (AR6) on the physical science basis of climate change. The report builds upon the 2013 Working Group I contribution to the IPCC’s Fifth Assessment Report (AR5...) and the 2018–2019 IPCC Special Reports of the AR6 cycle and
incorporates subsequent new evidence from climate science
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Este documento presenta modelos de algoritmos que permiten investigar por métodos bacteriológicos a los pacientes para el diagnóstico de tuberculosis (TB), TB asociada al Virus de Inmunodeficiencia Humana (TB-HIV) y TB drogorresistente (TBDR).
El objetivo de este artículo es analizar las condiciones de acceso a servicios de salud de las personas con tuberculosis en América
Latina y el Caribe (ALC), reflexionando desde la bioética sobre los aspectos de salud pública implicados. Se realizó una revisión
documental del contexto de la ...tuberculosis en ALC con base en datos epidemiológicos. Los resultados se analizaron a partir de su
relación con los determinantes sociales de la salud, los principios éticos que pautan la práctica médica y la responsabilidad social
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El presente decálogo expone de manera concisa los aspectos esenciales de la enfermedad y recoge 10 puntos básicos, esquemáticos y orientados a la práctica para la atención pediátrica de la enfermedad de Chagas.
On average across 34 countries, more than half of all adults surveyed (56%) say climate change has already had a severe effect in the area where they live. More than seven in ten (71%), including a majority in every single country, expect climate change will have a severe effect in their area over t...he next 10 years. One-third (35%) expect to be displaced from their home as a result of climate change in the next 25 years.
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Abstract: Chagas disease is caused by infection with the protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, and although over 100 years have passed since the discovery of Chagas disease, it still presents an increasing problem for global public health. A plethora of information concerning the chronic phase of human Chaga...s disease, particularly the severe cardiac form, is available in the literature. However, information concerning events during the acute phase of the disease is scarce. In this review, we will discuss the current status of acute Chagas disease cases globally, the immunological findings related to the acute phase and their possible influence in disease outcome, and reactivation of Chagas disease in immunocompromised individuals, a key point for transplantation and HIV invection management.
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Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is an illness that can cause serious heart and stomach problems. It is caused by a parasite. Chagas disease is common in Latin America, especially in poor, rural areas. It can also be found in the United States, most often in people who were infected befo...re they moved to the U.S.
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Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Vol. 117: e200460, 2022
Integrating the multiple dimensions of the problem into a coherent approach adapted to field realities and needs represents an immense challenge, but the payoff is more effective and sustainable experiences, with higher social awareness..., increased case detection and follow-up, improved adherence to care, and integrated participation of various actors from multiple action levels. Information, Education, and Communication (IEC) initiatives have great potential for impact in the implementation of multidimensional programs of prevention and control successfully customised to the diverse and complex contexts where Chagas disease persists.
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Colombia y Venezuela comparten una frontera terrestre de 2.219 km, a lo largo de la cual hay 7 puntos de control migratorios y un número indeterminado de cruces informales. Desde 2015, la situación en Venezuela ha provocado un aumento en la llegada de refugiados y migrantes venezolanos a Colombia.