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Influencing food environments for healthy diets

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2016) C2

Food environments are usually defined as the settings with all the different types of food made available and accessible to people as they go about their daily lives. That is, the range of food in supermarkets, small retail outlets, wet markets, street food stalls, coffee shops, tea houses, s...chool canteens, restaurants, and all the other venues where people buy and eat food. These environments differ enormously depending on the context. They can be extensive and diverse, with a seemingly endless array of options and price ranges, or they can be sparse, with very few options on offer. Because they determine what food consumers can access at a given moment in time, at what price, and with what degree of convenience, food environments both constrain and prompt the consumer’s choice.Food environments are influenced by the food systems which supply them, and vice versa. Food systems encompass the entire range of activities, people and institutions involved in the production, processing, marketing, consumption and disposal of food (FAO, 2013). They include but are not limited to food supply chains. Making food systems nutrition-sensitive can contribute to addressing all forms of malnutrition, as food systems determine whether the food needed for good nutrition are available, affordable, acceptable and of adequate quantity and quality. How closely food systems and food environments are interrelated and interdependent, and the degree to which external factors affect nutrition outcomes, varies from setting to setting.Many of today’s food systems and food environments are challenged in supporting consumer choices that are consistent with healthy diets and good nutrition. Consumers are not making choices based on nutrition and health, and poor diet is now the number one risk factor for death and disability worldwide (GBD, 2015). Food systems that do not enable healthy diets are increasingly recognized as an underlying cause of malnutrition (GLOPAN, 2016), and malnutrition, irrespective of form, has a huge cost. Economic costs associated with undernutrition are estimated at $1-2 trillion per year, about 2-3% of global GDP (FAO, 2013); the global economic cost of obesity and associated diet-related non-communicable diseases is estimated at $2 trillion per year, about 2.8% of global GDP (McKinsey, 2014). Influencing food environments for promoting healthy diets is an emerging strategy to address today’s nutrition challenges. more

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Health Promotion Glossary of Terms 2021

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

This version of the glossary is substantially changed from the original. Some terms have been omitted, many have been modified in light of practical experiences and the evolution in concepts, and new terms have been added. The list of terms is not intended to be either exhaustive or exclusive, and d... more

Optimizing community health worker programmes for HIV services: a guide for health policy and system support.

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

This document synthesizes key elements of the World Health Organization (WHO) normative guidance on health policy and system support for community health worker (CHW) programmes and their application for HIV programmes. Building on relevant elements of HIV guidelines, tools and evidence identified b... more

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Strategic Toolkit for Assessing Risks- A comprehensive toolkit for all-hazards health emergency risk assessment

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

The Strategic Tool for Assessing Risks (STAR) offers a comprehensive, easy-to-use toolkit and approach to enable national and subnational governments to rapidly conduct a strategic and evidence-based assessment of public health risks for planning and prioritization of health emergency preparedness a... more

Zimbabwe multi-sectoral cholera elimination plan 2018-2028

World Health Organization WHO; Regional Office for Africa; Cholera Secretariat Zimbabwe (2019) C_WHO

Multi-sectoral Cholera Elimination Plan

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Food Systems Dashboard

GAIN & Johns Hopkins University (2020) C2

This report uses the Food Systems Dashboard’s conceptual framework to define and describe food systems. It summarizes the components, drivers, and outcomes of food systems. The report also describes the food system typologies used in the Dashboard

Lineamiento para el Plan de Vacunación contra COVID-19 en niños de 5 a 11 años 11 meses 29 días con Vacuna Inactivada de COVID-19 Coronovac / Sinovac

Ministerio de Salud Pública de Ecuador Ministerio de Salud Pública de Ecuador (2021) CC

Guidelines for the Vaccination Plan against COVID-19 in children 5 to 11 years, 11 months, 29 days with COVID-19 Vaccine Coronovac / Sinovac

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COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines

National Department of Health, South Africa (2022) CC

Updated Treatment Guidelines

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The World Medicines Situation 2011

Milani, B.; and W. Scholten World Health Organization WHO (2011) CC

Access to controlled medicines. 3rd edition

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Orientação para manejo de caso clínico de síndrome de trombose com trombocitopenia (TTS) após vacinação para prevenir doença por coronavírus (COVID-19) Orientação provisória 19 julho 2021

Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) OPAS (2021) C_WHO

Guidance for clinical case management of thrombosis syndrome with thrombocytopenia (TTS) following vaccination to prevent coronavirus disease (COVID-19) Interim guidance 19 July 2021

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Kenya Pharmaceutical Country Profile

World Health Organisation WHO (2010) C_WHO

This Pharmaceutical Country Profile for Kenya (2010) has been developed by the Ministry of Medical Services with support of the World Health Organization. The Profile contains information on existing socio-economic and health-related conditions, resources, regulatory structures and processes and out... more

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Kenya Cancer Policy 2019 - 2030

Republic of Kenya, Ministry of Health (2020) CC

Globally, the cancer burden is rising, exerting significant strain on populations and health systems at all levels of income. There are concerted efforts towards enhancing access to comprehensive cancer prevention and control initiatives.

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Aperçu des technologies pour le traitement de déchets infectieux et de déchets piquants/coupants/tranchants provenant des établissements de santé

Organisation Mondiale de la Santé OMS (2020) C_WHO

Ce document fournit une vue d'ensemble des technologies spécifiques aux déchets d'activités de soins de santé pour le traitement des déchets solides infectieux et piquants. Pour chaque technologie, les détails de son fonctionnement, ses effets sur l'environnement et la santé, les exigences d'... more

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10 Insights on Climate Impacts and Peace

Detges, A.; Klingenfeld D. , König C., et al. adelphi (2020) C1

A summary of what we know

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UN Security Council Report 2021

The UN Security Council and Climate Change (2021) C1

Research Report

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Overlapping Vulerabilities - The impacts of climate change on humanitarian needs

Norwegian Red Cross (2019) C1

Don’t pollute my future! The impact of the environment on children’s health

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C_WHO

In 2015, 5.9 million children under age five died (1). The major causes of child deaths globally are pneumonia, prematurity, intrapartum-related complications, neonatal sepsis, congenital anomalies, diarrhoea, injuries and malaria (2). Most of these diseases and conditions are at least partially cau... more

Health in the green economy : transport sector

World Health Organization WHO (2012) C_WHO

WHO's Health in the Green Economy sector briefings examine the health impacts of climate change mitigation strategies considered by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change in their Fourth Assessment Report (Climate Change, 2007). Large, immediate health benefits from some climate change strate... more

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Guidelines for the clinical management of severe illness from influenza virus infections

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

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Use of a Participatory Method for Community-Based Brucellosis Control Design in Agro-Pastoral Areas in Tanzania

Asakura S.; Makingi G.; John K. et al. Frontiers in Veterinary Science (2022) CC

Brucellosis is widespread in both humans and livestock in many developing countries. The authors have performed a series of epidemiological studies on brucellosis in agro-pastoral areas in Tanzania since 2015, with the aim of the disease control. Previously, the potential of a community-based brucel... more