The article provides a systematic review and meta-analysis of the prevalence and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It highlights that COPD is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in t...he region, with prevalence rates ranging from 1.7% to 24.8% and an average pooled prevalence of 8%. The analysis points out that smoking, exposure to biomass smoke, and age are key risk factors. The study emphasizes the need for improved diagnosis and awareness, as COPD often remains underdiagnosed and undertreated in SSA. The authors call for coordinated efforts from clinicians, researchers, and policymakers to address these issues and reduce exposure to preventable risk factors.
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The article from the European Respiratory Journal discusses the natural history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphasizing its increasing global impact on morbidity and mortality. It highlights that while cigarette smoking is a pri...mary risk factor, other influences such as environmental exposures and genetics also play significant roles. The article notes that lung function, measured by FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in one second), is a critical indicator of both diagnosis and prognosis. It further explores the impact of exacerbations, comorbidities, and systemic inflammation on disease progression and outcomes. The need for comprehensive patient management, which considers various comorbid conditions and inflammatory factors, is emphasized to improve clinical outcomes and reduce healthcare costs.
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The Pan African Thoracic Society is a major professional organization representing Lung Health in Africa. Africa carries a disproportionally high burden of respiratory morbidity and mortality relative to the population size.
A worldwide increase in the prevalence of asthma has been reported in recent years. With an increase in prevalence comes an increased burden of disease in terms of morbidity, mortality and compromised quality of life. The economic burden in terms of... utilisation of healthcare resources and limitation of the earning capacity of the individuals and families is an added problem. Various indicators such as disability-adjusted life years and healthy life years have been used to define the economic burden. The data from Asian countries regarding these parameters is scarce, underlining the need for systematic studies in these countries, especially those that are resource poor. The purpose of this review is to highlight the varying prevalence of asthma in Asia and to assess the likely economic burden for the future.
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We work with health care professionals and public health officials around the globe to reduce asthma prevalence, morbidity, and mortality.
Several challenges face asthma management in Egypt, including the high percentage of uncontrolled patients, inadequate compliance, and overuse of short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs) leading to increased asthma-related morbidity and mortality. In this... regard, the recent Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) recommendations included inhaled corticosteroids containing therapy for mild asthma. Local healthcare systems and healthcare professionals (HCPs) often experience practical challenges when implementing global guidelines.
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Asthma is the most common chronic illness of childhood. The prevalence is rising and the mortality and morbidity from asthma are unacceptably high in South Africa. This article emphasizes the importance to make a correct diagnosis based, most import...antly, on the clinical history and supported by investigations. Further, the appropriate drug and device must be chosen to achieve good asthma control. It explains that patients must be followed up regularly and their asthma control must be assessed so that the treatment can then be adjusted according to the level of control. Additionally, Asthma education and adherence are important components of management of the condition.
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PLoS Med 16(3): e1002768. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1002768
Home delivery and late and infrequent attendance at antenatal care (ANC) are responsible for substantial avoidable maternal and pediatric morbidity and mortality in sub-Saharan... Africa. This cluster-randomized trial aimed to determine the impact of a community health worker (CHW) intervention on the proportion of women who visit ANC fewer than 4 times during their pregnancy and deliver at home.
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En 2016, en ce début de l’ère des objectifs de développement durable (ODD), la morbidité et la mortalité évitables liées à la grossesse restent inacceptablement élevées. Bien que des progrès substantiels aient été enregistrés, les pa...ys doivent consolider et faire progresser ces acquis et élargir leurs objectifs pour aller au-delà de la survie, en visant, pour leurs populations, un niveau de santé et de potentiel optimal.
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L’ampleur de la résistance aux insecticides chez les vecteurs du paludisme met en péril l’efficacité des programmes de lutte anti-vectorielle. Si cette résistance n’est pas atténuée, le taux de morbidité palustre va s’accroître, entr...aînant une hausse significative des coûts liés à la prévention de la maladie. Ce nouveau cadre est un guide pour l’élaboration d’un plan national de suivi et de gestion de la résistance aux insecticides chez les vecteurs du paludisme, lequel doit considéré comme partie intégrante du plan stratégique national de lutte contre le paludisme.
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Cette note d'information décrit les nouvelles lignes directrices de l'OMS recommandant que les personnes présentant un stade avancé de la maladie à VIH reçoivent un paquet défini de soins. Celui-ci comprend le dépistage, le traitement et la prévention d’infections opportunistes majeures, a...fin de réduire la morbidité et la mortalité.
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Sous ce rapport, le DPPD santé 2014 – 2016, premier du genre, va poursuivre les objectifs suivants : (i) Réduire le fardeau de la morbidité et de la mortalité maternelles et infanto juvéniles ; (ii) Accroître les performances du secteur en ...matière de prévention et de lutte contre la maladie ; (iii) Renforcer durablement le système de santé ; (iv) Améliorer la gouvernance du secteur de la santé et (v) Améliorer les conditions socio-économiques des groupes vulnérables. Après avoir décliné la place du secteur dans l’économie nationale, l’articulation des stratégies sectorielles avec les politiques nationales et la mission du secteur, le document se présente comme suit : le premier chapitre dresse les orientations stratégiques du secteur avec un diagnostic, les résultats de développement du secteur et une définition des Objectifs stratégiques. Au deuxième chapitre la programmation opérationnelle à moyen terme sera définie avec une présentation des Programmes et la budgétisation à moyen terme. Enfin, le troisième chapitre évoquera le dispositif de suivi-évaluation du DPPD.
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Plan du Bulletin
I- Variation des principaux indicateurs entre Janvier-Septembre_2016 et Janvier-
Septembre_2017
II- Niveau des Indicateurs au 30 Septembre 2017
A. Le niveau des indicateurs de morbidité et de mortalité
B. Carte sc...ore Paludisme au 30 Septembre 2017
C. Indicateurs du Paludisme par région médicale au 30 Septembre 2017
D. Indicateurs du Paludisme par district sanitaire au 30 Septembre 2017
E. Indicateurs du Paludisme par établissement public de santé au 30 Septembre 2017
III- Données communautaires au 30 Septembre 2017
IV- Résultats des investigations de cas menées dans les districts en pré élimination au
30 Septembre 2017
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Après un rappel des données générales sur la malnutrition infantile, nous décrirons l'évolution de la mortalité et de la morbidité de ce fléau. Puis, nous exposerons la méthodologie et les résultats de notre étude. L'étude est d'abord r...étrospective, analysant les indicateurs de fonctionnement du centre sous régime diététique traditionnel, puis prospective avec l'étude de l'efficacité d'un produit de renutrition prêt à l'emploi, le Plumpy Nut. Nous rappellerons les principaux facteurs de risque liés à l'installation d'un déficit nutritionnel. Les résultats obtenus, principalement en termes de gain de poids moyen et d'indicateursde fonctionnement du centre de renutrition seront comparés à ceux de la littérature. Nous développerons les méthodes d'approches thérapeutiques, multidisciplinaires les mieux adaptées à chaque situation pour améliorer la prévention et la guérison de la malnutrition des enfants malnutris.
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Primary care health centers and providers who care for individuals with hypertension and cardiovascular disease have an important role to play in ensuring continued access to care, reducing the risk of coronavirus infection, and appropriately managing people with these co-...ighlight medbox">morbidities who acquire COVID-19. This guidance includes these considerations
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The conduct of paediatric anaesthesia presents many unique challenges. One of the most striking is the variabilityof behaviour and responses of children and their parents at induction. Behavioural problems, the need for restraint,difficult IV accessandco-...hlight medbox">morbiditiesadd complexity andcan make the art of maintaining a calm and smooth induction incredibly difficult. This tutorial will discuss sixof the common problems that arise at induction and how these may best be overcome.
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Snakebites are well-known medical emergencies in many parts of the world, especially in rural areas. Agricultural workers and children are the most affected. The incidence of snakebite mortality is particularly high in South-East Asia. Rational use of snake anti-venom can substantially reduce mortal...ity and morbidity due to snakebites. These guidelines are a revised and updated version of Regional Guidelines for the Management of snakebites published by the WHO Regional Office in South-East Asia in 2011. These guidelines aim to promote the rational management of snakebite cases in various health facilities where trained health functionaries and quality snake antivenom are available.
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To improve survival and quality of life among the 2.5 million children living with HIV, a comprehensive package of prevention, care and treatment is required. This package should include management of infections such as pneumonia, diarrhoea, malaria and ear infections, as well as common opportunisti...c infections and HIV-related co-morbidities. WHO is developing a series of guidelines on each of these conditions, following the GRADE approach. The document on the management of pneumonia and diarrhoea in HIV-infected infants and children is the first of this series. The recommendations are similar to those for non infected children, but they cover specific aspects related to HIV infection.
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Disease Control Priorities –3rdEdition, Volume 2.
This book focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also covers maternal mortality, ...ighlight medbox">morbidity, stillbirth, and influences to pregnancy and pre-pregnancy. It also includes the transition to older childhood, in particular, the overlap and commonality with the child development volume
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The "Global NCD action plan" provides a road map and a menu of policy options for countries to take in order to attain the 9 voluntary global targets, including that of a 25% relative reduction in premature mortality from cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes or chronic respiratory diseases by 2...025. The main focus of this action plan is on 4 types of NCDs (cardiovascular diseases, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes) which make the largest contribution to morbidity and mortality due to NCDs, and on 4 shared behavioural risk factors (tobacco use, unhealthy diet, physical inactivity, harmful use of alcohol).
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