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WASH - Nutrition Strategy, West and Central Africa: To maximise the impact of projects addressing malnutrition through interventions of the Water, Sanitiation, Hygiene sector

UN Children's Fund UNICEF (2022) C_UNICEF

This document was prepared by UNICEF Regional Office for West and Central Africa, under the leadership of Christophe Valingot and the review ... Joachim Peeters (WASH Specialist) and Arnaud Laillou (Nutrition Specialist), on behalf of the WASH Regional Group and the Nutrition Regional Group. This WASH - Nutrition strategic guidance note for West and Central Africa builds on the precedent WASH-in-NUT strategy elaborated in 2012 and is the regional outcome of a multiyear collaborative work conducted at country level between 2018 and 2022, in Mali, Niger, Nigeria Chad, Burkina Faso. This work is based on a strong multi-partner collaboration, involving national technical directorates of the water and sanitation sector as well as technical directorates of Health and Nutrition, civil society organizations, national and international NGOs as well as United Nations agencies. This document can serve as a technical and strategic guide for any partner wishing to strengthen the intersectorality of WASH-Nutrition programmes. It presents the regional WASH & Nutrition context, a brief review of the latest scientific evidence, and proposes an integrated WASH-Nutrition programming framework adapted to the regional context of West and Central Africa. Beyond the implementation of programmes, this document also calls for the explicit and concrete inclusion of WASH-Nutrition integration into national policy documents. more

Safety and security for national humanitarian workers

Stoddard, Abby ; Harmer, Adele ; Haver, Katherine Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA) (2011) C1

Annex I to: To stay and deliver, good practice for humanitarians in complex security environments

The principal findings of the report include that despite overall improvements in aid agenc... more

Water, sanitation, hygiene and habitat in prisons: supplementary guidance

International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC (2012)

A practical handbook covering the architecture, engineering, design and operation of prisons. It is intended for all ICRC delegates working in places of... more

National Strategy for Rural Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH), WASH in Schools and WASH in Health Facilities 2016 - 2030

Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (2016) C1

The purpose of this Strategy is to set out the way to meet the needs of the rural populations for improved domestic water supply services, access t... more

Household water treatment and safe storage in emergencies

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescient Socities (IFRC) (2008) C1

A field manual for Red Cross/Red Crescent personnel and volunteers

Nigeria: National Quality Assurance Policy For Medicines and Other Health Products

Federal Ministry of Health, Nigeria (2015) C1

Critical Response and Funding Requirements - Response to the Water Crisis in Syria

Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs OCHA (2022) CC

In September 2021, the UN and its partners presented a response plan to mitigate the impact of the water crisis in northern ... north-east Syria which requested US$200 million to assist up to 3.4 million of the over five million people estimated to be affected by the water crisis in northern Syria between September 2021 and February 2022. Under the auspices of the 2022-2023 Syria Humanitarian Response Plan, this updated water response plan presents the most recent needs based on latest forecasts and is a continuation of the earlier plan presented in 2021. It covers the needs from all response modalities/areas1 for Syria, aims to assist 5 million people until December 2022 and requests $226.2 million. more

The Guidelines for Water and Sanitation Services in Liberia

Ministry of Public Works, Liberia; The Liberia WASH Consortium; UNICEF (2010)

Occupational health and safety policy and guidelines for the health sector

Ministry of Health Ghana; Ghana Health Service Ghana (2010) C1

Screening donated blood for transfusion-transmissible infections: recommendations

World Health Organization (WHO) (2009) C_WHO

The provision of safe and efficacious blood and blood components for transfusion or manufacturing use involves a number ... processes, from the selection of blood donors and the collection, processing and testing of blood donations to the testing of patient samples, the issue of compatible blood and its administration to the patient. There is a risk of error in each process in this “transfusion chain” and a failure at any of these stages can have serious implications for the recipients of blood and blood products. Thus, while blood transfusion can be life-saving, there are associated risks, particularly the transmission of bloodborne infections.
Screening for transfusion-transmissible infections (TTIs) to exclude blood donations at risk of transmitting infection from donors to recipients is a critical part of the process of ensuring that transfusion is as safe as possible. Effective screening for evidence of the presence of the most common and dangerous TTIs can reduce the risk of transmission to very low levels. more

Sierra Leone: Technical Guidelines for the Construction and Maintenance of Hand Dug Wells

Ministry of Water Resources, Republic of Sierra Leone (2014) C1

India: Guidelines for Quality Assurance of smear microscopy for diagnosing tuberculosis

Government of India, Central Tuberculosis Division, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (2005) C1

ECDC/EFSA/EMA second joint report on the integratedanalysis of the consumption of antimicrobial agents andoccurrence of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria fromhumans and food-producing animals

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) andEuropean Medicines Agency (EMA) (2017) C_CDC

The second ECDC/EFSA/EMA joint report on the integrated analysis of antimicrobial consumption (AMC) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria from humans ... food-producing animals addressed data obtained by the Agencies’ EU-wide surveillance networks for 2013–2015. AMC in both sectors, expressed in mg/kg of estimated biomass, were compared at country and European level. Substantial variations between countries were observed in both sectors. Estimated data on AMC for pigs and poultry were used for the ﬁrst time. Univariate and multivariate analyses were applied to study associations between AMC and AMR. In 2014, the average AMC was higher in animals (152 mg/kg) than in humans (124 mg/kg), but the opposite applied to the median AMC (67 and 118 mg/kg, respectively). In 18 of 28 countries, AMC was lower in animals than in humans. Univariate analysis showed statistically-signiﬁcant (p < 0.05) associations between AMC and AMR for ﬂuoroquinolones and Escherichia coli in both sectors, for 3rd- and 4th-generation cephalosporins and E. coli in humans, and tetracyclines and polymyxins and E. coli in animals. In humans, there was a statistically-signiﬁcant association between AMC and AMR for carbapenems and polymyxins in Klebsiella pneumoniae. Consumption of macrolides in animals was signiﬁcantly associated with macrolide resistance in Campylobacter coli in animals and humans. Multivariate analyses provided a unique approach to assess the contributions of AMC in humans and animals and AMR in bacteria from animals to AMR in bacteria from humans. Multivariate analyses demonstrated that 3rd- and 4th-generation cephalosporin and ﬂuoroquinolone resistance in E. coli from humans was associated with corresponding AMC in humans, whereas resistance to ﬂuoroquinolones in Salmonella spp. and Campylobacter spp. from humans was related to consumption of ﬂuoroquinolones in animals. These results suggest that from a ‘One-health’ perspective, there is potential in both sectors to further develop prudent use of antimicrobials and thereby reduce AMR. more

Quality of Care in Family Planning Services at Health Facilities in Senegal

Assaf, Shireen, Wenjuan Wang, and Lindsay Mallick ICF International (2015) C2

DHS Analytical Studies No. 55.

Guidelines For Safety Assessment of Foods Derived From Genetically Engineered Plants

Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) (2012) C1

Original text from 2008, updated in 2012. This document marks the beginning of a structured approach to safety assessment of GE foods, which are y... more

Mental health, human rights and standards of care
recommended

World Health Organization WHO; Regional Office for Europe (2018) C_WHO

Assessment of the quality of institutional care for adults with psychosocial and intellectual di... more

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) in Schools: Guidelines for Timor-Leste, Vol. 1

República Democrática de Timor-Leste (2016) C1

The development of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in schools guidelines for TimorLeste is a landmark moment in our quest to make every school... more

Improving nutrition outcomes with better water, sanitation, &hygiene: Practical solutions for policy and programmes

Renuka Bery, Sophie Boisson, Lizette Burgers et al. WHO, USAID, UNICEF (2015) C_WHO

This document provides an overview of the evidence of nutrition gains that can be achieved with improved WASH, a description of key WASH practices,... more

Alternative drinking-water disinfectants: Bromine, iodine and silver

World Health Organization (WHO) (2018) CC

Disinfection of drinking-water supplies has been one of the most significant public health advancements ... the last century with respect to reducing waterborne disease.
Although chlorine has been used as the disinfectant of choice for public drinking-water supplies for the past century, a number of emerging or alternative compounds are used or are being considered for the disinfection of drinking-water.
This series reviews the state of the knowledge on the application, efficacy and toxicity of bromine, iodine and silver as drinking-water disinfectants. more

WHO global air quality guidelines: particulate matter (‎PM2.5 and PM10)‎, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and carbon monoxide

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

The global burden of disease associated with air pollution exposure exacts a massive toll on human health worldwide: exposure to air pollution is estimated to cause millions of deaths ... lost years of healthy life annually. The burden of disease attributable to air pollution is now estimated to be on a par with other major global health risks such as unhealthy diet and tobacco smoking, and air pollution is now recognized as the single biggest environmental threat to human health. more