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Perinatal mortality audit: North Macedonia 2019

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

The purpose of the review was to assign a cause of death, to ascertain the fac-tors that contributed to the death and to identify any systemic issues that could be addressed to prevent future similar deaths. The perinatal mortality audit process in 2019 provided important insights and evidence-based... more

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Comprehensive COVID-19 Slideset: Special Populations and Comorbidities

Clinical Care Options (2021) CC

Slideset updated regularly to include the latest data and guidance on COVID-19 risk and management in special populations, including children and pregnant women, and persons with comorbidities.

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Comprehensive COVID-19 Slideset: Symptoms and Clinical Manifestations

Clinical Care Options (2021) CC

26 March 2021 Slideset updated regularly to include the latest data on the evolution and duration of COVID-19 symptoms and prevalence and duration of natural immunity.

Asthma and COVID-19: scientific brief, 19 April 2021

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

People with asthma (PWA) generally are considered at higher risk from respiratory infections, as is seen annually with influenza. At the outset of the COVID-19 pandemic, PWA were widely assumed to be at increased risk from COVID-19. However, as data emerged throughout 2020, the association between a... more

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Guidance on Diagnosis and Management of People with Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
recommended

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2021) C_CDC

This guidance covers diagnosis and care of patients with long-term effects of COVID-19. It makes recommendations for the care of adults and children who have new or ongoing symptoms 4 weeks or more after the start of acute COVID-19. It is meant for health and care practitioners. This interim documen... more

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Flowchart for the management of suspected COVID-19 patients at the first level of care and in remote areas in the Region of the Americas

Pan American Health Organisation PAHO (2020) C_WHO

Астма и COVID-19

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

В целом считается, что люди, страдающие астмой (ЛСА), подвергаются повышенному риску при респираторных инфекциях, что ежегодно подтверждается во время в�... more

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Asthma and COVID-19 (Arabic Version)

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

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Guidelines for Management of COVID-19 in Children (below 18 years)

Ministry of Health& Family Welfare, Goverment of India (2021) CC

18 June 2021

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Enhancing response to Omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

21 January 2022 The overall threat posed by Omicron largely depends on four key questions: (i) how transmissible the variant is; (ii) how well vaccines and prior infection protect against infection, transmission, clinical disease and death; (iii) how virulent the variant is compared to other varian... more

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COVID-19 Treatment Guidelines

National Department of Health, South Africa (2022) CC

Updated Treatment Guidelines

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COVID-19 clinical care pathway (‎CARE)‎: confirm SARS-CoV-2 infection, assess symptoms, risk factors and severity, respond with appropriate care and treatment, evaluate clinical response and recovery

World Health Organization WHO (2022) CC

The COVID-19 CARE pathway is a living tool to support health care workers visualize the current clinical and therapeutic recommendations to be considered in the care planning for patients with COVID-19. The COVID-19 CARE pathway is aligned with the eighth version of the WHO Therapeutics and COVID... more

Hospital Level (Tertiary and Quaternary) Essential Medicines List | Reviewed items July 2021

National Department of Health South Africa National Department of Health South Africa (2021) C1

Reviewed Essential Medicines List July 2021

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Guidelines for the clinical management of severe illness from influenza virus infections

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

Guidelines for diagnosing, preventing and managing cryptococcal disease among adults, adolescents and children living with HIV. Policy brief
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

Cryptococcal disease, particularly cryptococcal meningitis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV with advanced HIV disease. It is estimated that it is responsible for nearly 19% of AIDS-related mortality, second only to tuberculosis. Rapid screening, diagnosi... more

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WHO pharmaceuticals newsletter - No. 1, 2023

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

The WHO Pharmaceuticals Newsletter provides you with the latest information on the safety of medicinal products and regulatory actions taken by authorities around the world. In addition, this edition includes summary and recommendations from the virtual meeting of the members of the WHO Programme f... more

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Therapeutics and COVID-19 (Living Guideline, 10 November 2023)

World Health Organization WHO (2023) C_WHO

WHO has updated its guidelines for COVID-19 therapeutics, with revised recommendations for patients with non-severe COVID-19. This is the 13th update to these guidelines. Updated risk rates for hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID-19 The guidance includes updated risk rates for... hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID-19. The current COVID-19 virus variants tend to cause less severe disease while immunity levels are higher due to vaccination, leading to lower risks of severe illness and death for most patients. This update includes new baseline risk estimates for hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID-19. The new ‘moderate risk’ category now includes people previously considered to be high risk including older people and/or those with chronic conditions, disabilities, and comorbidities of chronic disease. The updated risk estimates will assist healthcare professionals to identify individuals at high, moderate or low risk of hospital admission, and to tailor treatment according to WHO guidelines: **High: **People who are immunosuppressed remain at higher risk if they contract COVID-19, with an estimated hospitalization rate of 6%. **Moderate: **People over 65 years old, those with conditions like obesity, diabetes and/or chronic conditions including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, kidney or liver disease, cancer, people with disabilities and those with comorbidities of chronic disease are at moderate risk, with an estimated hospitalization rate of 3%. Low: Those who are not in the high or moderate risk categories are at low risk of hospitalization (0.5%). Most people are low risk. Review of COVID-19 treatments for people with non-severe COVID-19 WHO continues to strongly recommend nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (also known by its brand name ‘Paxlovid’) for people at high-risk and moderate risk of hospitalization. The recommendations state that nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is considered the best choice for most eligible patients, given its therapeutic benefits, ease of administration and fewer concerns about potential harms. Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir was first recommended by WHO in April 2022. If nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is not available to patients at high-risk of hospitalization, WHO suggests the use of molnupiravir or remdesivir instead. WHO suggests against the use of molnupiravir and remdesivir for patients at moderate risk, judging the potential harms to outweigh the limited benefits in patients at moderate risk of hospital admission. For people at low risk of hospitalization, WHO does not recommend any antiviral therapy. Symptoms like fever and pain can continue to be managed with analgesics like paracetamol. WHO also recommends against use of a new antiviral (VV116) for patients, except in clinical trials. The update also includes a strong recommendation against the use of ivermectin for patients with non-severe COVID-19. WHO continues to advise that in patients with severe or critical COVID-19, ivermectin should only be used in clinical trials. more

National Essential Medicines List - Tertiary/Quaternary Medication Review Process

Republic of South Africa (2017) CC

Long Acting Muscarinic Antagonists (LAMA) such as tiotropium and glycopyrronium are used in the management of COPD1. They have been shown to improve lung function, quality of life and exercise tolerance. They have also been associated with reduced COPD-related exacerbations, associated hospitalisati... more

Burden of fungal asthma in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Kwizera, R.; Musaazi, J.; Meya, D.B.; et al. PLOS ONE, which is part of the Public Library of Science (PLOS) (2019) CC2

Asthma is one of the neglected diseases in Africa with a high prevalence. Allergic fungal diseases have been reported to complicate asthma progression and treatment outcomes. However, data about fungal asthma and its associated complications are limited in Africa. We aimed to estimate the burden of ... more

Barriers to childhood asthma care in sub-Saharan Africa: a multicountry qualitative study with children and their caregivers

Naidoo, K.L.; Dladla, S.; Mphahlele, R.E. et al. BMJ Open (2023) CC

This study identifies barriers and provides recommendations to improve asthma care in children across sub-Saharan Africa, where qualitative data is lacking despite high rates.

Guidance on Diagnosis and Management of People with Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome recommended

Guidelines for diagnosing, preventing and managing cryptococcal disease among adults, adolescents and children living with HIV. Policy brief recommended

Guidance on Diagnosis and Management of People with Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome
recommended

Guidelines for diagnosing, preventing and managing cryptococcal disease among adults, adolescents and children living with HIV. Policy brief
recommended