This book provides significantly expanded content and experience in relation to a broader stewardship context- for example, stewardship in specific populations, different countries as well as the role of different professions in stewardship to political and media engagement. We hope this book has so...mething to offer everyone practicing in this area. Therefore, The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy [BSAC] in collaboration with ESGAP are very pleased to present this e-book on Global Antimicrobial Stewardship that is relevant to health care professions working in preventing and managing infection across the healthcare communities and health care facilities. It aims to support health care professionals, or teams, or policy makers interested in learning about bringing the principles of stewardship to the bed side
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Antibiotic Stewardship (AS) is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials to improve patient outcomes, reduce microbial resistance, and decrease the spread of multi-drug resistant organisms. In clinical settings, stewardship activities focus on measuring and improving ...how antibiotics are prescribed by clinicians and used by patients. Improving antibiotic prescribing involves implementing effective strategies to modify prescribing practices to align them with evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis and management.
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This document provides additional guidance for the responsible and prudent use of antimicrobials in food-producing animals, and should be read in conjunction with the Recommended International Code of Practice for Control of the Use of Veterinary Drugs CAC/RCP 38-1993. Its obj...ectives are to minimize the potential adverse impact on public health resulting from the use of antimicrobial agents in food-producing animals, in particular the development of antimicrobial resistance. It is also important to provide for the safe and effective use of veterinary antimicrobial drugs in veterinary medicine by maintaining their efficacy. This document defines the respective responsibilities of authorities and groups involved in the authorization, production, control, distribution and use of veterinary antimicrobials such as the national regulatory authorities, the veterinary pharmaceutical industry, veterinarians, distributors and producers of food-producing animals.
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La résistance aux antimicrobiens (ou RAM, cette abréviation étant est ici également employée en mode adjectif pour désigner les organismes « résistants aux antimicrobiens ») est une préoccupation majeure pour la santé publique mondiale et une question de sécurité san...itaire des aliments. Lorsque des pathogènes deviennent résistants aux agents antimicrobiens, ils peuvent présenter un risque plus important pour la santé découlant d’un éventuel échec thérapeutique, de la diminution de choix thérapeutiques et de la probabilité accrue d’apparition et de gravité de la maladie. Les problèmes en rapport avec la RAM sont liés de façon inhérente à l’usage des antimicrobiens dans tous les types d’environnements, y compris les utilisations humaines et non humaines. L'utilisation d’agents antimicrobiens dans la production alimentaire animale et végétale représente un facteur de risque important pour la sélection et la transmission de micro-organismes résistants aux antimicrobiens (micro-organismes RAM) et de déterminants de la résistance aux antimicrobiens (déterminants de la RAM) des animaux et des plantes alimentaires à l’humain par sa consommation d’aliments.
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The systematic surveillance of antibiotic use and antibiotic re-sistance prevalence in humans and animals is imperative for managingbacterial infectious disease (JPIAMR, 2019;WHO, 2015). Many low-income countries currently face substantial challenges in building national surveillance systems due to ...a lack of infrastructure and resources,resulting in a shortage of systematic data (FAO/OIE/WHO, 2018)
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During this work, a survey on essential medicines availability was conducted. This article was first written on this subject for sharing the poor financial availability of the essential medicines in the hospital and secondly, a call for an action to be taken in improving hospital pharmacies developm...ent in each hospital in Burkina Faso.
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What recommendations did the assessment produce?
• Developing guidelines and plans to further the process of SRH and Hiv integration.
• Training stakeholders at different levels of the health system on how to integrate activities.
• Establishing mechanisms for collaboration/coordinati...on on SRH and Hiv at different levels.
• Developing plans for SRH and Hiv integration that include: situation analysis; feasibility studies; assessment of needs for reorganizing and reorienting services towards better integration; necessary tools (e.g. job descriptions, work plans); and tools to evaluate service quality and user satisfaction in relation to integration.
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Se sabe que las mujeres embarazadas experimentan cambios inmunológicos y fisiológicos que pueden hacerlas más susceptibles a las infecciones respiratorias virales, incluido COVID-19. Varios estudios revelaron que las mujeres embarazadas con diferentes enfermedades resp...iratorias virales tenían un alto riesgo de desarrollar complicaciones obstétricas y resultados adversos perinatales en comparación con las mujeres no grávidas, debido a los cambios en las respuestas inmunes. También sabemos que las mujeres embarazadas pueden estar en riesgo de enfermedad grave, morbilidad o mortalidad en comparación con la población general, tal y como se observa en los casos de otras infecciones por coronavirus
5relacionadas [incluido el coronavirus del síndrome respiratorio agudo severo (SARS-CoV) y el coronavirus del síndrome respiratorio del Medio Oriente (MERS-CoV)] y otras infecciones respiratorias virales, como la gripe, durante el embarazo.
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In 1998 the Swedish Veterinary Association decided to adopt a general policy for the use of antibiotics in animals. Since then specifi c policies for the use of antibiotics in dogs and cats have been adopted and in 2011 Guidelines for the use of Antibiotics in Production animals – Cattle and Pigs,... were accepted. By decision of the board of the Swedish Veterinary Society (SVS) these guidelines have been updated. Th e over-arching goal of SVS is to achieve a low and controlled use of antibiotics in Swedish animal production so that the fi rst-hand choices of treatment remain effi cient and that the spread of antimicrobial resistance – among animals and herds as well as in the food chain – is kept at a minimum. Keeping antimicrobial resistance in animals low is important also for human health, since we are all part of the same ecosystem. Th e authors of these guidelines hope that they may be useful for veteri-narians in clinical practice when deciding on treatments for common diseases and ailments caused by bacteria. Sometimes the decision may even be to refrain from use of antibiotics and chose other ways of improving herd health.
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Indiscriminate attacks on health care have contributed to an epic humanitarian catastrophe in Yemen. A new report tracks these attacks in the hope of holding perpetrators on all sides accountable.
It details how both Houthi forces—with their use of wide-area impact weapons—and the Saudi-Emir...ati coalition—with their aerial attacks—have flagrantly disregarded the special status of health facilities and personnel in conflict zones.
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How we respond both now and going forward will help mitigate the impact of COVID-19, and to the extent possible preserve children’s rights to Survive, Learn, and Be Protected. We will focus our efforts on the most critical work essential to maintaining these commitments to the extent possible.
In response to COVID-19, UNICEF continues to support the Ministry of Health and Sports’ Health Literacy Promotion Unit to translate and disseminate messages including in ethnic languages for the border areas on good hygiene and handwashing. Social media boosting and message dissemination reach app...roximately 15 million people countrywide.
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According to the United Nations, Yemen has been the "Worst humanitarian crisis in the world," for the past two years. Despite the Hudaydah Agreement signed in December 2018, the fighting continued in many areas of the country, such as Hajjah in the north, Al Dhale' e in the south and Hudaydah along ...the west coast. Within a year, another 400,000 Yemenis were forced to flee their homes, eventually adding up to one-eighth of the entire Yemeni population who had become displaced at least once, over the last five years.
In 2019, unprecedented heavy rain and flooding from May onwards caused catastrophic damage to homes and the families’ livelihoods, adding to their misery. Thousands of families who had already lost their home due to the fighting had yet again, their temporary shelters, beddings and essential kitchen supplies, destroyed.
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The most significant finding of the case study for integrating antimicrobial resistance (AMR)into existing programs and mobilising resources for funding in Nigeria, is that most of the AMR activities within the Nigerian National Action Plan (NAP)canalready be incorporated within exi...sting programs of the Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH), Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD) and their agencies or institutes. Certain programs and initiatives already have an AMR element incorporated or could,with little effort,include some additional AMR actions, however much is already being planned and has started with existing federal funding and existing staffing and other resources including development partner support and is being driven by significant political will from the ministries as well as implementation support from the Nigerian Centers for Disease Control as the focal point.
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Das Management von Krisen hat in den letzten Jahren erheblich an Bedeutung gewonnen, insbesondere auch im Öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst (ÖGD). Grundsätzlich liegt die Entscheidungshoheit im Rahmen des Krisenmanagements infektiologischer Gefahrenlagen bei den kommunalen Gesundheitsämtern. Aufgru...nd der aktuellen Lage (Stand 18. März 2020) in Zusammenhang mit der Verbreitung des neuen Coronavirus stellen wir hiermit in einer Vorabversion Auszüge unseres Lehrbuchs zur Verfügung.
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The current document is anupdate of the guidelines developed by the EUCAST subcommittee on detection of resistance mechanisms. The EUCAST Steering Committee has carried out the current update. The document has been developed mainly for routine use in clinical laboratories and doesnot cover technical... procedures for identification of resistance mechanisms at a molecular level by reference or expert laboratories. However, much of the content is also applicable tonational reference laboratories. Furthermore, it is important to note that the document does not cover screening for asymptomatic carriage (colonization) of multidrug-resistant microorganismsor direct detectionof resistancein clinical samples.
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This interim guidance has been updated with advice on safe and appropriate home care for patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and on the public health measures related to the management of their contacts.
Recommendations from the American Nurses Association/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Workgroup on the Role of Registered Nurses in Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Practices
The Core Elements of Outpatient Antibiotic Stewardship provides a framework for antibiotic stewardship for outpatient clinicians and facilities that routinely provide antibiotic treatment. This report augments existing guidance for other clinical settings. In 2014 and 2015, respectively, CDC release...d the Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs and the Core Elements of Antibiotic Stewardship for Nursing Homes. Antibiotic stewardship is the effort to measure and improve how antibiotics are prescribed by clinicians and used by patients. Improving antibiotic prescribing involves implementing effective strategies to modify prescribing practices to align them with evidence-based recommendations for diagnosis and management.
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