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Risk factors for asthma among schoolchildren who participated in a casecontrol study in urban Uganda

Mpairwe, H.; Namutebi, M.; Nkurunungi, G. et al. eLife (2019) CC

Data on asthma aetiology in Africa are scarce. We investigated the risk factors for asthma among schoolchildren (5–17 years) in urban Uganda. We conducted a case-control study, among 555 cases and... more

Food Control System Assessment Tool, Introductory Booklet

World Health Organization (WHO) (2021) C_WHO

FAO and WHO jointly developed a comprehensive tool to assist Member states in assessing the effectiveness of national food control system. The FAO/WHO Food ... System Assessment Tool comprises 162 assessment criteria under 25 system competencies over 4 Dimensions. This introductory booklet is developed to facilitate application of the assessment tool. more

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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Add...ressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity at a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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Infection Control outside the VHF Treatment Facility

MSF (2008)

This section deals with implementing and improving infection control practices in hospitals, health centres and other health services in the outbreak area. It explains the need for, and implementati... more

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Global Experience of Community Health Workers for Delivery of Health Related Millennium Development Goals

Zulfiqar A. Bhutta, Zohra S. Lassi, George Pariyo and Luis Huicho World Health Organization WHO; Global Health Workforce Alliance (2010) C_WHO

A Systematic Review, Country Case Studies, and Recommendations for Integration into National Health Systems Alliance Report Participation of community health workers (CHWs) in the provision of pr... more

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National Health in All Policies Strategic Framework 2017-2021

Ministry of Health, Zambia (2018) CC

The attainment of Zambia’s goal of being a prosperous and middle-income country by 2030 as stipulated in its Vision 2030 is dependent on among others, a healthy and productive population. Therefore, the Government of the Republic of Zambia (GRZ) has prioritized health as a key socio-economic inves... more

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National Contraception Clinical Guidelines 2019

Department of Health National Department of Health South Africa (2019) CC

The Department of Health (DOH) has developed a National Integrated Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights (SRHR) Policy.1 This policy addresses the many cross-cutting issues relating to SRH service provision, drawing together the principles, righ... more

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Contingency Fund for Emergencies 2022 annual report Enabling quick action to save lives

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

The Contingency Fund for Emergencies (CFE) provides WHO with rapid and flexible resources to respond to disease outbreaks and other health emergencies. The annual report provides an overview of the ... more

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Laboratory testing for severe acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children: interim guidance, 17 June 2022

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

This document provides interim guidance to countries on testing considerations and strategies for suspect cases of severe acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in children. It is primarily intended for... more

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Cardiovascular disease risk profile and management practices in 45 low-income and middle-income countries: A cross-sectional study of nationally representative individual-level survey data

Peiris, D.; Ghosh, A.; Manne-Goehler, J. et al. PLoS Medicine (2021) CC

Global cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden is high and rising, especially in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Focussing on 45 LMICs, we aimed to determine (1) the adult population’s median 10-year predicted CVD risk, including its v... more

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The Oxfam Ebola Response in Liberia and Sierra Leone: An evaluation report for the Disasters Emergency Committee

Adams, J.; Llyod, A.; Miller, C. Oxfam (2015)

The context of the Ebola epidemic presented extreme challenges for Oxfam, as it did for many organisations. At the onset of the epidemic, there was a general lack of understanding of the ... and how to respond to it effectively and safely. A pervasive and persistent climate of fear, coupled with changing predictions about the likely evolution of the epidemic, influenced analysis and response at all levels. There was strong pressure to treat the epidemic as a medical emergency requiring a medical response – organised through topdown processes – rather than standard humanitarian coordination more

Corticosteroids for COVID-19

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

WHO published guidance for clinicians and health care decision-makers on the use of corticosteroids in patients with COVID-19. We recommend systemic corticosteroids for the treatment of patients ... more

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Assessing the socio-economic impacts of Ebola Virus Disease in Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone

UNDP (2014)

The Road to Recovery. This synthesis report is based on three national studies on the evolution of the Ebola epidemic and its impact on Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone

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Eradication of yaws: a guide for programme managers

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO

This document provides guidance for countries on how to implement activities to achieve the interruption of yaws transmission. It is intended for use by n... yaws eradication programmes, partners involved in the implementation of yaws eradication activities and WHO technical staff who provide technical support to countries in the eradication of yaws. more

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Coverage at a crossroads: New directions for vitamin A supplementation programmes

United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) (2018)

In where under-five mortality is high and vitamin A deficiency is a public health problem, two high-dose supplements of vitamin A per year, spaced four to six months apart, can strengthen children’s immune systems and improve their chances of survival.
During much of early childhood – from... more

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Preparedness, prevention and control of COVID-19 in prisons and other places of detention: interim guidance, 8 February 2021
recommended

C. Ferreira-Borges; Dr. J. Breda; M. Dara; et al. World Health Organization (Europe) (2021) C_WHO

Updated guidance. The guidance provides useful information to staff working in prisons, as well as to health and prison authorities, explaining how to prevent and address a potential outbreak of COVID-19. In addition, it aims to protect the health and well-being of all those who live and work in, an... more

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Global action plan on physical activity 2018–2030: more active people for a healthier world

World Health Organisation WHO (2018) C_WHO

Regular physical activity is proven to help prevent and treat noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as heart disease, stroke, diabetes and breast and colon cancer. It also helps to prevent hypertensi... more

Healthy environments for healthier populations: why do they matter and what can we do?

World Health Organisation WHO (2019) C_WHO

Known avoidable environmental risks to health cause at least 12.6 million deaths every year, and account for about one quarter of the global burden of disease (2016 data) (1). Air pollution alone ca... more

WASH FIT: Manual for Trainer

UN Children's Fund UNICEF; World Health Organization WHO (2023) C_WHO

The Water and Sanitation for Health Facility Improvement Tool (WASH FIT) presents a framework and acts as a guide to support multisectoral action to improve water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in health care. Central to the WASH FIT methodology is ... more

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Manual for the Health Care of Children in Humanitarian Emergencies

World Health Organization WHO (2008) C_WHO

This manual was developed based on the recommendations of a global technical consultation on child health in humanitarian emergencies co-organized by WHO and UNICEF at the end of 2003. WHO in collaboration with the Centre ... Refugee and Disaster Response, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University undertook a systematic review in 2004. It demonstrated that existing guidelines, including The Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI), do not cover all priority conditions in emergencies. The objective of this manual is to provide comprehensive guidance on child care in emergencies. more

Preparedness, prevention and control of COVID-19 in prisons and other places of detention: interim guidance, 8 February 2021 recommended

Preparedness, prevention and control of COVID-19 in prisons and other places of detention: interim guidance, 8 February 2021
recommended