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Towards One Health preparedness: expert consultation 11–12 December 2017

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC (2018) CC

Climate change, increasing population densities, and intensified globalisation in trade, travel and migration are among the most important factors shaping the 21st century. Each impacts upon population health and the risk of infectious disease, particularly those originating at the human-animal-envi... more

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Antibiotic stewardship interventions in hospitals in low-and middle-income countries: a systematic review

Van Dijck C., Vlieghe E., Cox J.A. Bulletin of the World Health Organization (2018) C_WHO

Objective: To review the effectiveness of antibiotic stewardship interventions in hospitals in low- and middle-income countries.

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Antimicrobial resistance in South East Asia: time to ask the right questions

Kakkar M., Chatterjee P. et. al. (2018) C2

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has emerged as a major public health concern, around which the international leadership has come together to form strategic partnerships and action plans. The main driving force behind the emergence of AMR is selection pressure created due to consumption of antibiotics... more

Government policy interventions to reduce human antimicrobial use: A systematic review and evidence map

Van Katwyk, S. R.; Grimshaw, J. M.; et al (2019) C2

BACKGROUND: Growing political attention to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) offers a rare opportunity for achieving meaningful action. Many governments have developed national AMR action plans, but most have not yet implemented policy interventions to reduce antimicrobial overuse. A systematic evidenc...e map can support governments in making evidence-informed decisions about implementing programs to reduce AMR, by identifying, describing, and assessing the full range of evaluated government policy options to reduce antimicrobial use in humans. METHODS AND FINDINGS: Seven databases were searched from inception to January 28, 2019, (MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE, PAIS Index, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Web of Science, and PubMed). We identified studies that (1) clearly described a government policy intervention aimed at reducing human antimicrobial use, and (2) applied a quantitative design to measure the impact. We found 69 unique evaluations of government policy interventions carried out across 4 of the 6 WHO regions. These evaluations included randomized controlled trials (n = 4), non-randomized controlled trials (n = 3), controlled before-and-after designs (n = 7), interrupted time series designs (n = 25), uncontrolled before-and-after designs (n = 18), descriptive designs (n = 10), and cohort designs (n = 2). From these we identified 17 unique policy options for governments to reduce the human use of antimicrobials. Many studies evaluated public awareness campaigns (n = 17) and antimicrobial guidelines (n = 13); however, others offered different policy options such as professional regulation, restricted reimbursement, pay for performance, and prescription requirements. Identifying these policies can inform the development of future policies and evaluations in different contexts and health systems. Limitations of our study include the possible omission of unpublished initiatives, and that policies not evaluated with respect to antimicrobial use have not been captured in this review. CONCLUSIONS: To our knowledge this is the first study to provide policy makers with synthesized evidence on specific government policy interventions addressing AMR. In the future, governments should ensure that AMR policy interventions are evaluated using rigorous study designs and that study results are published. more

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Emerging and re-emerging human infectious diseases: A systematic review of the role of wild animals with a focus on public health impact

Cupertino, M. C.; Resende, M. B.; et al (2020) C2

Infectious diseases continue to impose unpredictable burdens on global health and economies, a subject that requires constant research and updates. In this sense, the objective of the present article was to review studies on the role of wild animals as reservoirs and/or dispersers of etiological age... more

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The neglected zoonoses—the case for integrated control and advocacy

Welburn S. C., Beange I. et al (2015) C2

Clinical Microbiology and Infection Volume 21, Issue 5, May 2015, Pages 433-443; The neglected zoonotic diseases (NZDs) have been all but eradicated in wealthier countries, but remain major causes of ill-health and mortality across Africa, Asia, and Latin America. This neglect is, in part, a conse... more

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Zoonosis emergence linked to agricultural intensification and environmental change

Jones B. A., Grace D. et al (2013) C2

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A v.110(21); 2013 May 21 PMC3666729 ; A systematic review was conducted by a multidisciplinary team to analyze qualitatively best available scientific evidence on the effect of agricultural intensification and environmental changes on the risk of zoonoses for which there are... more

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Health effects of particulate matter

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2013) C_WHO

This paper summarizes the evidence about the health effects of air pollution from particulate matter and their implications for policy-makers, with the aim of stimulating the development of more effective strategies to reduce air pollution and its health effects in the countries of eastern Europe,... more

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Indoor air quality at home

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2020) C2

This guideline covers indoor air quality in residential buildings. It aims to raise awareness of the importance of good air quality in people's homes and how to achieve this.

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Air pollution: outdoor air quality and health

National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) (2017) C2

This guideline covers road-traffic-related air pollution and its links to ill health. It aims to improve air quality and so prevent a range of health conditions and deaths.

Religious Communities as Actors for Ecological Sustainability in Southern Africa and Beyond

Stork J.; Öhlmann P. (2021) CC

Research Programme on Religious Communities and Sustainable Development Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin

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The role of Environmental and Spiritual Ethics in Galvanizing Nature Based Solutions

UN Environment Programme (2020) CC

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How to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals within planetary boundaries by 2050

O’Neill, D.W.; A.L: Fanning; W.F.Lamb; et al. (2018) C1

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Achieving the 17 Sustainable Development Goals within 9 planetary boundaries

Randers, J.; Rockström, J.; Stoknes, P. E.; et al. (2019) CC

The world agreed to achieve 17 Sustainable Development Goals by 2030. Nine planetary boundaries set an upper limit to Earth system impacts of human activity in the long run. Conventional efforts to achieve the 14 socio-economic goals will raise pressure on planetary boundaries, moving the world away... more

Implementation of simultaneous diagnostic testing for COVID-19 and TB in high TB burden countries

Stop TB Partnership; WHO (2022) C_WHO

Tuberculosis (TB) is the deadliest infectious disease in most low- and middle-income countries, claiming more than 4,000 lives each day. The unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic has seriously impacted people with pre-existing health conditions. People with TB are usually more vulnerable to other infectio... more

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Basic occupational safety and health for respiratory diseases

The Union (2021) C1

A desk guide for health facilities . It outlines a comprehensive approach to respiratory health, which health facilities can adapt and implement in resource-limited settings

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Climate Change and Health: Local Solutions to Local Challenges

Paul J. Schramm, Munerah Ahmed, Hannah Siegel, Jamie Donatuto et al. (2020) CC

Current Environmental Health Reports volume 7, pages 363–370 (2020) Climate change has direct impacts on human health, but those impacts vary widely by location. Local health impacts depend on a large number of factors including specific regional climate impacts, demographics and human vulnerabil... more

Protecting human health from climate change

World Health Organization. Regional Office for South-East Asia (2011) C_WHO

Climate change is a verified, global phenomenon, but its consequences will not be evenly distributed. Developing countries and small island nations will be the most affected. Countries will experience more frequent extreme weather events and resulting changes in water quality and availability, incre... more

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Protecting health in Europe from climate change: 2017 update

World Health Organization. Regional Office for Europe (2017) C_WHO

Current evidence that the climate is changing is overwhelming. Impacts of climate change and variability are being observed: more intense heat-waves, fires and floods; and increased prevalence of food- water- and vector-borne diseases. Climate change will put pressure on environmental and health det... more

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Socioeconomic inequality in vulnerability to all-cause and cause-specific hospitalisation associated with temperature variability: a time-series study in 1814 Brazilian cities

Rongbin Xu, Qi Zhao, M.S.Z.S. Coelho et al. (2020) CC

The Lancet Planetary Health Volume 4, ISSUE 12, e566-e576, December 01, 2020. Exposure to temperature variability has been associated with increased risk of mortality and morbidity. We aimed to evaluate whether the association between short-term temperature variability and hospitalisation was affect... more