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The many faces of diabetes. Is there a need for re-classification? A narrative review

Sakran, N.; Graham, Yiitka.; Pintar, T.; et al. BMC Endocrine Disorders Volume 22 Article Number 9 (2022) CC

The alarming rise in the worldwide prevalence of obesity and associated type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have reached epidemic portions. Diabetes in its many forms and T2DM have different physiological backgrounds and are difficult to classify. Bariatric surgery (BS) is considered the most effective ... more

Panorama of Diabetes in the Americas by Pan American Health Organization

Pan American Health Organization PAHO (2022) C_WHO

The burden of diabetes is enormous, positioning it as one of the main challenges facing public health today. Currently, it is estimated that 62 million people are living with diabetes in the Region of the Americas and projections show its prevalence will continue rising over the following years. The... more

Global, regional, and national burden and trend of diabetes in 195 countries and territories: an analysis from 1990 to 2025

Lin, X.; Xu,Y.; Pan, X.; et al. Scientific reports (2020) CC2

Diabetes mellitus is a leading cause of mortality and reduced life expectancy. We aim to estimate the burden of diabetes by type, year, regions, and socioeconomic status in 195 countries and territories over the past 28 years, which provide information to achieve the goal of World Health Organizatio... more

IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th edition

International Diabetes Federation (2021) CC

The IDF Diabetes Atlas is intended to support the diabetes community in advocating for more action to identify undiagnosed diabetes, prevent type 2 diabetes in people at risk, and improve care for all people with diabetes. It also aims to support the development of high quality diabetes ... in all countries and territories, in order to fill the gaps in knowledge that currently exist. The 10th edition of the IDF Diabetes Atlas reports a continued global increase in diabetes prevalence, confirming diabetes as a significant global challenge to the health and well-being of individuals, families and societies. The IDF Diabetes Atlas 10th Edition and other resources are available for download. more

The Africa Pathogen Genomics Initative (Africa PGI) Integrated Genomic Surveillance for Outbreak Detection (DETECT)

Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2024) CC

Africa CDC Institute of Pathogen Genomics (IPG) was launched in November 2019 and operates under the Division of Laboratory Systems and Networks. IPG coordinate the implementation of molecular diagnostics, pathogen genomics and bioinformatics in National Public Health Institutions (NPHIs) and/or Re... more

Guide for Nurses

India Hypertension Control Initiative (2022) CC

This guide can be used to train nurses in the field to succeed in their role in the hypertension program. It teaches how to screen patients correctly, register and follow-up with patients, retrieve defaulters, record patient visits, and to report data... more

Guide for Medical Officers

India Hypertension Control Initiative (2022) CC

This guide can be used to train medical officers to ensure BP is measured for all adults visiting the OPD, treat all patients with high BP, initiate treatment as per protocol, counsel patients for follow-up, refer patients to local care, and report data... more

Guide for ANM

India Hypertension Control Initiative (2022) CC

This guide can be used to train ANM staff in the field to succeed in their role in the hypertension program. It teaches how to screen patients correctly, register and follow-up with patients, retrieve defaulters, record patient visits, and to report data... more

2023 ESC Guidelines for the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes: Developed by the task force on the management of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes of the Eur

Marx, N.; Federici, M.; Schütt, K. et al. European Heart Journal (2023) CC

Patients with diabetes are at increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) with its manifestations of coronary artery disease (CAD), heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation (AF), and stroke, as well as aortic and peripheral artery diseases. In addition, diabetes is a major risk factor f... more

Global report on neglected tropical diseases 2024
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2024) C_WHO

This document is the second in a series of global reports describing progress towards the 2030 targets set in Ending the neglect to attain the Sustainable Development Goals: a road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021–2030. It describes a wide range of activities, accomplishments and challenge... more

Progress on the health-related Sustainable Development Goals and targets in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2023: 2nd progress report

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development includes a vision of healthy lives and well-being for all at all ages. This major report provides an update on progress towards the health-related Sustainable Development Goals (‎SDGs)‎ in the WHO Eastern Mediterranean Region. It presents regional tren... more

Diabetes among Indigenous Peoples

International Diabetes Federation (IDF) International Diabetes Federation (IDF) (2022) CC2

The IDF Diabetes Atlas report highlights the disproportionate prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) among Indigenous Peoples globally. It emphasizes the social and health disparities resulting from colonization, loss of traditional practices, and systemic inequities. The report includes prevalence ... across various Indigenous populations, identifying significant variability and often higher rates among Indigenous women compared to men. The report calls for culturally responsive and community-driven interventions to address diabetes prevention and management while advocating for better data collection and representation to support Indigenous communities worldwide. more

Air pollution exposure—the (in)visible risk factor for respiratory diseases

Bălă, G.P.; Râjnoveanu, R.M.; Tudorache, E. et al. Environmental Science and Pollution Research (2021) CC

There is increasing interest in understanding the role of air pollution as one of the greatest threats to human health worldwide. Nine of 10 individuals breathe air with polluted compounds that have a great impact on lung tissue. The nature of the relationship is complex, and new or updated ... are constantly being reported in the literature. The goal of our review was to summarize the most important air pollutants and their impact on the main respiratory diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, lung cancer, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, respiratory infections, bronchiectasis, tuberculosis) to reduce both short- and the long-term exposure consequences. We considered the most important air pollutants, including sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, ozone, particulate matter and biomass smoke, and observed their impact on pulmonary pathologies. We focused on respiratory pathologies, because air pollution potentiates the increase in respiratory diseases, and the evidence that air pollutants have a detrimental effect is growing. It is imperative to constantly improve policy initiatives on air quality in both high- and low-income countries. more

Loss of life expectancy from air pollution compared to other risk factors: a worldwide perspective

Lelieveld, J.; Pozzer, A.; Pöschl, U. et al. Cardiovascular Research (2020) CC

Long-term exposure of humans to air pollution enhances the risk of cardiovascular and respiratory diseases. A novel Global Exposure Mortality Model (GEMM) has been derived from many cohort studies, providing much-improved coverage of the exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5). We applied the GE... more

Effect of smoking reduction, cessation, and resumption on cancer risk: A nationwide cohort study

Yoo, J.E.; Han, K.; Shin, D.W. et al. Cancer (2022) CC

Background The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of reduction, cessation, and resumption of smoking on cancer development. Methods The authors identified 893,582 participants who currently smoked, had undergone a health screening in 2009, and had a follow-up screening in 20... more

Guiding principles for prioritizing malaria interventions in resourceconstrained country contexts to achieve maximum impact

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) CC

Due to the heterogeneous distribution of malaria transmission and its determinants, subnational tailoring (SNT) provides an analytical framework to facilitate the targeting of each population with appropriate intervention packages for maximum impact to inform national strategic planning and prioriti... more

Qualitative assessment of community health workers’ perspective on their motivation in community-based primary health care in rural Malawi

Ndambo, M.K.; Munyaneza, F.; Aron, M.B. et al. BMC Health Services Research (2022) CC

Background: Community Health Workers (CHWs) have a positive impact on the provision of community-based primary health care through screening, treatment, referral, psychosocial support, and accompaniment. With a broad scope of work, CHW programs must balance the breadth and depth of tasks to mainta...in CHW motivation for high-quality care delivery. Few studies have described the CHW perspective on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to enhance their programmatic activities. Methods: We utilized an exploratory qualitative study design with CHWs employed in the household model in Neno District, Malawi, to explore their perspectives on intrinsic and extrinsic motivators and dissatisfiers in their work. Data was collected in 8 focus group discussions with 90 CHWs in October 2018 and March–April 2019 in seven purposively selected catchment areas. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using Dedoose. Results: Themes of complex intrinsic and extrinsic factors were generated from the perspectives of the CHWs in the focus group discussions. Study results indicate that enabling factors are primarily intrinsic factors such as positive patient outcomes, community respect, and recognition by the formal health care system but can lead to the chal- lenge of increased scope and workload. Extrinsic factors can provide challenges, including an increased scope and workload from original expectations, lack of resources to utilize in their work, and rugged geography. However, a posi- tive work environment through supportive relationships between CHWs and supervisors enables the CHWs. Conclusion: This study demonstrated enabling factors and challenges for CHW performance from their perspec- tive within the dual-factor theory. We can mitigate challenges through focused efforts to limit geographical distance, manage workload, and strengthen CHW support to reinforce their recognition and trust. Such programmatic empha- sis can focus on enhancing motivational factors found in this study to improve the CHWs’ experience in their role. The engagement of CHWs, the communities, and the formal health care system is critical to improving the care provided to the patients and communities, along with building supportive systems to recognize the work done by CHWs for the primary health care systems. more

Do Disability Inequalities Grow with Development? Evidence from 40 Countries

Lewis, E.; Mitra, S.; Yap, J. Sustainability (2022) CC

With development, people around the world have become wealthier and live longer. At the same time, development can lead to growing inequalities within and between nations. This paper analyses inequalities related to disability and how they vary across countries by development level. Using internatio... more

Self-reported disability in rural Malawi: prevalence, incidence, and relationship to chronic conditions

Prynn, J.E.; Dube, A.; Mwaiyeghele, E. et al. Wellcome Open Research (2022) CC

Background: Disability is a complex concept involving physical impairment, activity limitation, and participation restriction. The Washington Group developed a set of questions on six functional domains (seeing, hearing, walking, remembering, self-care, and communicating) to allow collection of co... more

Development of a capacity building program for Village Health Volunteers to support Self-Management in a high risk population for diabetes in a rural community in northeast Thailand

Srisarakham, P.; Amnatsatsue, K.; Kerdmongkol, P.; Leerapan, P. (2016) CC2

Similar to other parts of the world, the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in the Asia-Pacific Region has rapidly increased during the last few decades. The purposes of this pilot study were to determine the feasibility and the effects of a capacity building program for Village Health Vo... more

Global report on neglected tropical diseases 2024 recommended

Global report on neglected tropical diseases 2024
recommended