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Chagas Disease Also called: American trypanosomiasis, South American trypanosomiasis

National Library of Medicine- National Institute of Health (2022) CC

Chagas disease, or American trypanosomiasis, is an illness that can cause serious heart and stomach problems. It is caused by a parasite. Chagas disease is common in Latin America, especially in poor, rural areas. It can also be found in the United States, most often in people who were infected befo... more

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Chagas disease (also known as American trypanosomiasis)

World Health Organization WHO (2022) CC

Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a potentially life-threatening illness caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. About 6–7 million people worldwide are estimated to be infected with T. cruzi. The disease is found mainly in endemic areas of 21 continental Lati... more

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The Chagas disease study landscape: A systematic review of clinical and observational antiparasitic treatment studies to assess the potential for establishing an individual participant-level

Maguire, B.; Dahal, P.; Rashan, S. et al. PLoS Neglected Tropical diseases (2021) CC

Chagas disease (CD), caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, affects ~6–7 million people worldwide. Significant limitations still exist in our understanding of CD. Harnessing individual participant data (IPD) from studies could support more in-depth analyses to address the many outstanding rese... more

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Fact sheet – Bilharzia

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC (2022) CC

Schistosomiasis is the medical term for Bilharzia. Bilharzia is an acute and chronic disease caused by schistosome parasitic worms. You cannot see the parasite when it enters your body. The worms can stay in the body from 5 to 30 years. At least 261 million people required.

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Schistosomiasis Morbidity Hotspots: Roles of the Human Host, the Parasite and Their Interface in the Development of Severe Morbidity

Mawa, P.; Kincaid-Smith, J.; Tukahebwa, E. et al Frontiers in Immunology (2021) CC

Species of the genus Schistosoma are digenetic trematodes and the causative agents of the Neglected Tropical Disease (NTD) schistosomiasis; a parasitic disease that ranks second only to malaria in terms of socioeconomic impacts. Over 220 million people worldwide are currently infected, 90% of whom l... more

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Schistosomiasis Key Facts

World Health Organization WHO (2023) C_WHO

Schistosomiasis is an acute and chronic parasitic disease caused by blood flukes (trematode worms) of the genus Schistosoma. Estimates show that at least 251.4 million people required preventive treatment in 2021. Preventive treatment, which should be repeated over a number of years, will reduce and... more

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Guinea Worm Disease

The Cater Center (2022) CC

Considered a neglected tropical disease, Guinea worm disease (dracunculiasis) is a parasitic infection caused by the nematode roundworm parasite Dracunculus medinensis. It is contracted when people consume water from stagnant sources contaminated with Guinea worm larvae. Inside a human's abdomen, Gu... more

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Winding up the worm Dracunuculiasis

World Health Organization WHO (2013) C_WHO

Global efforts to eradicate dracunculiasis have continued to progress, with only 542 cases reported in 2012, as compared with 1058 in 2011. It is a long thread-like worm. It is transmitted exclusively when people drink water contaminated with parasite-infected water fl eas. It is now found in some o... more

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Social Appropriation of Knowledge and its contributions to the prevention of cutaneous leishmaniasis in rural contexts

Paipilla, K., Castro-Arroyave, D., Grajales,L. et al. BMJ Innovations (2022) CC

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a neglected infectious endemic disease that is transmitted through the bite of a vector insect (sandfly) of the Lutzomyia genus,typical of rural geographical territories, and causes disfiguring skin ulcers and disabilities. It is estimated that CL affects between 600�... more

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Mycetoma: New hope for neglected patients?

Drugs for Neglected Diseases initiative DNDi (2019) CC

Mycetoma is a slow-growing bacterial or fungal infection, most often of the foot, that may spread to other parts of the body and can cause severe deformity. It is a debilitating disease that most often affects poor people in rural areas with limited access to health care.

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Onchocerciasis Neglected Tropical Disease

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

Onchocerciasis – or “river blindness” – is a parasitic disease caused by the filarial worm Onchocerca volvulus transmitted by repeated bites of infected blackflies (Simulium spp.). These blackflies breed along fast-flowing rivers and streams, close to remote villages located near fertile lan... more

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Health needs assessment of the adult population in Ukraine: survey report September 2022

World Health Organisation WHO (2023) C_WHO

The full-scale invasion of Ukraine has caused a deterioration in the level of access to health-care services and medicines in the country, particularly for people living in regions close to the front line and areas that are not partially or fully controlled by the Government of Ukraine, and for peop... more

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National Guidelines for Glaucoma Eyecare

Ministry of Health Malawi (2021) CC

Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally. In Malawi, glaucoma accounts for 15.8% of the blindness among people aged 50 years and above. Blindness from glaucoma is preventable with early detection and timely treatment. However, glaucoma management remains a challenge to eye care... more

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Keeping communities at the centre of efforts to eliminate lymphatic filariasis: learning from the past to reach a future free of lymphatic filariasis

Krentel, A.; Gyapong, M.; McFarland, D.A.; Ogundahunsi, O.; Titaley, C.R.; Addiss, D.G. Oxford Academic - International Health (2021) CC

Since the launch of the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) in 2000, more than 910 million people have received preventive chemotherapy for lymphatic filariasis (LF) and many thousands have received care for chronic manifestations of the disease. To achieve this, millions of c... more

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Current epidemiological evidence for predisposition to high or low intensity human helminth infection: a systematic review

Wright J.E., Werkman M., Dunn J.C. et al Parasites and Vectors (2018) C2

Background: The human helminth infections include ascariasis, trichuriasis, hookworm infections, schistosomiasis, lymphatic filariasis (LF) and onchocerciasis. It is estimated that almost 2 billion people worldwide are infected with helminths. Whilst the WHO treatment guidelines for helminth infecti...ons are mostly aimed at controlling morbidity, there has been a recent shift with some countries moving towards goals of disease elimination through mass drug administration, especially for LF and onchocerciasis. However, as prevalence is driven lower, treating entire populations may no longer be the most efficient or cost-effective strategy. Instead, it may be beneficial to identify individuals or demographic groups who are persistently infected, often termed as being “predisposed” to infection, and target treatment at them. Methods: The authors searched Embase, MEDLINE, Global Health, and Web of Science for all English language, humanbased papers investigating predisposition to helminth infections published up to October 31st, 2017. The varying definitions used to describe predisposition, and the statistical tests used to determine its presence, are summarised. Evidence for predisposition is presented, stratified by helminth species, and risk factors for predisposition to infection are identified and discussed. Results: In total, 43 papers were identified, summarising results from 34 different studies in 23 countries. Consistent evidence of predisposition to infection with certain species of human helminth was identified. Children were regularly found to experience greater predisposition to Ascaris lumbricoides, Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium than adults. Females were found to be more predisposed to A. lumbricoides infection than were males. Household clustering of infection was identified for A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura and S. japonicum. Ascaris lumbricoides and T. trichiura also showed evidence of familial predisposition. Whilst strong evidence for predisposition to hookworm infection was identified, findings with regards to which groups were affected were considerably more varied than for other helminth species. Conclusion: This review has found consistent evidence of predisposition to heavy (and light) infection for certain human helminth species. However, further research is needed to identify reasons for the reported differences between demographic groups. Molecular epidemiological methods associated with whole genome sequencing to determine ‘who infects whom’ may shed more light on the factors generating predisposition. more

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Drug discovery for chagas disease: A viewpoint

Kratz J.M. Elsevier (2019) C2

Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi. It is a significant public health problem, affecting millions of people worldwide. And although it was described 110 years ago, only two old nitroheterocyclic drugs, benznidazole and nifurtimox, are cu... more

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Education, Communication, and Lots of Creativity: A Good Combination to Face Complex Problems Like Chagas

Social Innovations Journal (2023) C2

Website last accessed on 10.04.2023 The Chagas disease is frequently referred to as the effects that the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi (T. cruzi) has on people’s health. However, from our perspective, Chagas is much more than that: it is a complex socioenvironmental health problem in which elemen... more

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Investing to overcome the global impact of neglected tropical diseases: third WHO report on neglected tropical diseases

World Health Organization WHO (2015) C_WHO

Investing to overcome the global impact of neglected tropical diseases charts new ground in tackling the 17 neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) that aff ect more than a billion people in 149 countries worldwide. It makes the case for domestic investment to reach the targets of WHO’s Roadmap on NTDs... more

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The Expanded Special Project for Elimination of Neglected Tropical diseases — ESPEN

World Health Organization WHO (2023) C_WHO

Accessed on 10.04.2023 While virtually unheard of in developed countries, NTDs are a group of medically diverse parasitic and bacterial infectious diseases common in tropical and subtropical areas. NTDs affect more than 1.5 billion people annually, causing death, blindness, disfigurement, chroni... more

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Five keys for safer traditional food markets: risk mitigation in traditional food markets in the Asia-Pacific Region

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

Traditional food markets play important economic, cultural, and social role and are sources of livelihood for millions of people in urban and rural areas. The manual Five keys for safer traditional food markets: risk mitigation in traditional food markets in the Asia-Pacific Region aims to support a... more