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Community health workers at the dawn of a new era: 9. CHWs’ relationships with the health system and communities

Karen LeBan , Maryse Kok and Henry B. Perry Health Research Policy and Systems (2021) CC

This is the ninth paper in our series, “Community Health Workers at the Dawn of a New Era”. Community health workers (CHWs) are in an intermediary position between the ... system and the community. While this position provides CHWs with a good platform to improve community health, a major challenge in large-scale CHW programmes is the need for CHWs to establish and maintain benefcial relationships with both sets of actors, who may have diferent expectations and needs. This paper focuses on the quality of CHW relationships with actors at the local level of the national health system and with communities. more

Maintaining essential health services during COVID-19: Select stories of resilience and innovations from 11 states (‎April-July 2020)‎

World Health Organization WHO India WHO (2021) C_WHO

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Global progress report on WASH in health care facilities: Fundamentals first

World Health Organization WHO; UNICEF (2021) C_WHO

The report identifies major global gaps in WASH services: one third of health care facilities do not have what is needed to clean hands where care is provided; one in four facilities have no water services, and 10% have no sanitation services. This ... more

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COVID-19 and the social determinants of health and health equity: evidence brief

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

6 December 2021

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Story of change in four countries Building capacity for integrating mental health care within health services across humanitarian settings

World Health Organization WHO; mGAP (2021) C_WHO

The world is facing an unprecedented range of emergencies. In reaction to these complex adversities, many people experience considerable distress and impairment, and a minority may even go on to develop mental health conditions. Meanwhile, those wit... more

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Strategic Toolkit for Assessing Risks- A comprehensive toolkit for all-hazards health emergency risk assessment

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

The Strategic Tool for Assessing Risks (STAR) offers a comprehensive, easy-to-use toolkit and approach to enable national and subnational governments to rapidly conduct a strategic and evidence-based assessment of public health risks for planning an... more

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Climate Change and Health - Training Modules

World Health Organization (WHO) - Regional Office for South-East Asia (2015) C_WHO

Training Modules for climate change and Health - WHO

Climate change and health: vulnerability and adaptation assessment

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2021) C_WHO

Climate change and health vulnerability and adaptation assessment In 2013 the World Health Organization (WHO) published the report Protecting health... more

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Covid-19 pandemic impact on maternal and child health services access in Nampula, Mozambique: a mixed methods research

das Neves Martins Pires P.H. , Macaringue C. , Abdirazak A. et al. BMC Health Services (2021) CC

The Covid-19 pandemic has so far infected more than 30 million people in the world, having major impact on global health with collateral damage. In Mozambique, a public state of emergency was declared at the end of March 2020. This has limited peopl...e's movements and reduced public services, leading to a decrease in the number of people accessing health care facilities. An implementation research project, The Alert Community for a Prepared Hospital, has been promoting access to maternal and child health care, in Natikiri, Nampula, for the last four years. Nampula has the second highest incidence of Covid-19. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of Covid-19 pandemic Government restrictions on access to maternal and child healthcare services. We compared health centres in Nampula city with healthcare centres in our research catchment area. We wanted to see if our previous research interventions have led to a more resilient response from the community. METHODS: Mixed-methods research, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective, using a review of patient visit documentation. We compared maternal and child health care unit statistical indicators from March-May 2019 to the same time-period in 2020. We tested for significant changes in access to maternal and child health services, using KrushKall Wallis, One-way Anova and mean and standard deviation tests. We compared interviews with health professionals, traditional birth attendants and patients in the two areas. We gathered data from a comparable city health centre and the main city referral hospital. The Marrere health centre and Marrere General Hospital were the two Alert Community for a Prepared Hospital intervention sites. RESULTS: Comparing 2019 quantitative maternal health services access indicators with those from 2020, showed decreases in most important indicators: family planning visits and elective C-sections dropped 28%; first antenatal visit occurring in the first trimester dropped 26%; hospital deliveries dropped a statistically significant 4% (p = 0.046), while home deliveries rose 74%; children vaccinated down 20%. CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated the negative collateral effects of Covid-19 pandemic Government restrictions, on access to maternal and child healthcare services, and highlighted the need to improve the health information system in Mozambique. more

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Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on provision of sexual and reproductive health services in primary health facilities in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

Adelekan, B.; E. Goldson, Z. Abubakar et al. Repoductive Health Journal (2021) CC

RESULTS: Between 76 and 97% of the PHCS offered RMCAH services before the lockdown. Except in antenatal, delivery and adolescent care, there was a decline of between 2 and 6% in all the services during the lockdown and up to 10% decline after the lockdown with variation across and within States. Dur... more

Planetary Health Report Card

International Medical School Initiative (2022) C2

The Planetary Health Report Card is a student-driven, metric-based initiative to inspire planetary health and sustainable healthcare education enga... more

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South African MATERNAL, PERINATAL, and NEONATAL Health Policy

National Department of Health (NDoH) South Africa NDoH South Africa (2021) CC

As a lower-middle-income country (LMIC), South Africa (SA) bears the burden of maternal and neonatal mortality similar to other sub- Saharan African countries. According to the Saving Mothers Report 2017/19, there has been a progressive and sustained reduction in institutional maternal mortality... more

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Child and adolescent health in humanitarian settings: operational guide: a holistic approach for programme managers

World Health Organization WHO; Eastern Mediterranean Region (2022) C_WHO

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Agenda for the Americas on Health, Environment, and Climate Change 2021–2030

Pan American Health Organization (2021) C_WHO

This publication presents the Agenda for the Americas on Health, Environment, and Climate Change 2021–2030 (the Agenda). The Agenda is a call to action to the health sector to lead the charge to a...ddress environmental determinants of health in the Americas. The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) will work with Member States to achieve its goal and objective to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages using a sustainable and equitable approach that places a priority on reducing health inequity. The Agenda has been developed under the umbrella of the WHO Global Strategy on Health, Environment, and Climate Change, and builds upon the commitments set forth in the Sustainable Health Agenda for the Americas 2018–2030 and the PAHO Strategic Plan 2020–2025. The Agenda was developed in consultation with the Technical Advisory Group and through a consensus-driven decision-making process with Member States during the 2019–2020 period. Looking toward the achievement of Sustainable Development Goal 3, the Agenda focuses on: improving the performance of environmental public health programs and institutions; fostering environmentally resilient and sustainable health systems; and promoting environmentally healthy and resilient cities and communities. Its implementation will be context-specific, based on the needs and realities of the countries. It will benefit countries and territories by promoting good governance practices, strengthening the leadership and coordination roles of the health sector, fostering cross-sectoral action, focusing on primary prevention, and enhancing evidence and communication. It will facilitate access to human, technical, and financial resources necessary to address environmental determinants of health and ensure that the Region is fully engaged in global health, environment, and climate change processes and agreements. The objective of the Agenda is to strengthen the capacity of health actors in the health and non-health sectors to address and adapt to environmental determinants of health (EDHs), prioritizing populations living in conditions of vulnerability, in order to meet Outcome 18 of the PAHO Strategic Plan 2020–2025 directly and several other outcomes of the Plan indirectly. To address and adapt to the challenges of EDHs in the Region, an integrated and evidence-informed approach within the health sector and across sectors will be needed, one enabled, and supported by good governance practices, adequate management mechanisms, high-level political will, and adequate human, technical, technological, and financial resources. more

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COVID-19 and Climate-smart Health Care: Health Sector Opportunities for a Synergistic Response to the COVID-19 and Climate Crises - World

The World Bank (2021) C2

English Analysis on World about Climate Change and Environment, Health and Epidemic; published on 03 Nov 2021 by World Bank

Burkina Faso national action plan on antimicrobial resistance: review of progress in the human health sector

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

This policy brief aims to provide a review of the current progress on implementing the Burkina Faso national action plan on AMR, identifies critical gaps, and highlights findings to accelerate further progress in the human health sector. The target ... more

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Community health worker models in South Africa: a qualitative study on policy implementation of the 2018/19 revised framework

Murphy, J.P.; A. Moolla, S. Kgowedi et al. Health Policy and Planning (2020) C1

South Africa has a long history of community health workers (CHWs). It has been a journey that has required balancing constrained resources and competing priorities. CHWs form a bridge between communities and ...care service provision within health facilities and act as the cornerstone of South Africa’s Ward-Based Primary Healthcare Outreach Teams. This study aimed to document the CHW policy implementation landscape across six provinces in South Africa and explore the reasons for local adaptation of CHW models and to identify potential barriers and facilitators to implementation of the revised framework to help guide and inform future planning. more

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Primary Health Care Systems (PRIMASYS) - Case Study from Kenya

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C_WHO

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Community Health Volunteers' Decision Support System Project

P. Bakibinga, Kamande E. , Kisia L., et al. African Population and Health Research Centre APHRC (2018) C1

This report presents the key findings of the end-of-project assessment of households and community health volunteers, conducted in 2017 in the Kamukunji and Embakasi sub-counties of Nairobi, Kenya, for a Community ... Volunteers’ Decision Support System (CHV DSS) intervention project. The report was prepared by the African Population and Health Research Center (APHRC). The end-line survey was implemented by APHRC. Implementation of the CHV DSS project is a joint collaboration among several partners, including APHRC, the City County of Nairobi, sub-county health management teams (Kamukunji and Embakasi), and community health volunteers. The opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the donor organization, the County Innovation Challenge Fund for Kenya. more

Disease Control Priorities, Third Edition : Volume 7. Injury Prevention and Environmental Health

Mock C. N., Nugent R. et. al. (2017) C2

The substantial burden of death and disability that results from interpersonal violence, road traffic injuries, unintentional injuries, occupational health risks, air pollution, climate change, and inadequate water and sanitation falls disproportion... more