Many of the countries that faced cholera outbreaks in 2022 were badly affected by extreme weather events.
As the climate emergency worsens, human displacement will intensify, along with droughts an
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d flooding – all
conditions that give rise to cholera outbreaks. Unless we invest in systems that build preparedness and
resilience among at-risk populations, the cholera burden will continue to rise
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Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal disease caused by the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the bacterium V.
cholerae. It has a short incubation period of a few hours to 5 days. It is endemic
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in some countries, frequently
showing seasonal variations in the number of reported cases. Cholera also has the potential to cause explosive
outbreaks which may be localized or may expand to large geographic areas
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Caring for the Sick Child age 2 months up to 5 years. Chart Booklet
The CDC document "How to make oral rehydration solution (ORS)" provides clear, step-by-step instructions for preparing and using ORS to treat dehyd
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ration caused by diarrhea. It emphasizes the importance of using clean water, salt, and sugar in precise proportions to create the solution. The document is particularly relevant in emergency settings, such as during cholera outbreaks or in areas with limited medical resources, like Haiti. It highlights the effectiveness of ORS in saving lives by rehydrating individuals suffering from severe diarrhea and encourages its use as a simple, accessible treatment method.
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This website was launched in January to advocate for the new WHO ORS/Zinc co-packaging recommendation (for diarrhoea treatment) and seek to remove barriers and exploit opportunities to
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the uptake of the recommendation in LMICs. As a part of this work we are establishing a knowledge base on the status of ORS and Zinc around the world
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The document titled "Prevención y control del cólera" (Cholera Prevention and Control) provides essential guidance on preventing and managing cholera, a disease characterized by severe watery diarrhea and vomiting. Without prompt treatment, choler
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a can lead to death due to dehydration within hours. The disease is primarily transmitted through the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person.
To protect against cholera and other diarrheal diseases, the document emphasizes the importance of drinking safe water, such as bottled water with intact seals, boiled water, or water treated with chlorine products. Frequent handwashing with safe water and soap is recommended, and in the absence of soap, hands can be cleaned using ash or sand followed by rinsing with safe water. Proper sanitation practices, such as using latrines or burying feces and avoiding defecation near water sources, are crucial. The document also highlights safe food practices, including thoroughly cooking food (especially seafood), consuming it while hot, keeping it covered, and peeling fruits and vegetables. Ensuring the safe cleaning of kitchens and areas where the family bathes or washes clothes is also advised.
In case of diarrheal illness, the document stresses the immediate use of oral rehydration solution (ORS) to prevent dehydration and the importance of seeking medical attention as quickly as possible. Patients should continue ORS intake both at home and during transit to a health facility. These preventative measures and prompt treatment strategies are vital for reducing cholera transmission and mortality.
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The PDF "Vamos proteger-nos da Cólera" provides comprehensive guidance on cholera prevention and response strategies, particularly for use in community health settings. It emphasizes the importance
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of safe water use by treating water with bleach, boiling it for at least 5 minutes, or using purification tablets like Aquatabs. Handwashing is highlighted as a key measure, especially after using the latrine, before preparing food, and before eating. Sanitation practices include using and maintaining clean latrines or, if unavailable, burying feces far from homes and water sources.
The document also addresses diarrhea treatment, recommending the preparation and use of Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) with added zinc for effective recovery. It encourages breastfeeding for infants with diarrhea and stresses the importance of cooking food thoroughly, keeping it covered, and ensuring all utensils and surfaces are clean. Proper waste management, including the disposal of household waste, is highlighted to maintain a clean and safe environment.
In emergency situations, the guide advises seeking immediate medical attention for severe diarrhea and emphasizes the prompt burial of bodies during outbreaks to prevent contamination. Additionally, it provides visuals and strategies for community engagement, empowering health workers and communities to promote awareness and adopt effective cholera prevention measures.
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A poster advertising oral rehydration salts (ORS) and zinc, part of the SHOPS mass media campaign in Ghana, was distributed widely to pharmacies and over‐
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the‐counter medicine sellers to improve caregivers’ and providers’ awareness of the new diarrhea treatment protocols for children under 5.
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A Decade of Tracking Progress for Maternal, Newborn and Child Survival The 2015 Report
The document titled "Cómo combatir el cólera" (How to Combat Cholera) provides comprehensive guidelines on the clinical presentation and management of cholera, particularly in
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the context of the 2010 Haiti outbreak.
It emphasizes the importance of rapid rehydration as a lifesaving measure, detailing protocols for both oral rehydration solutions (ORS) and intravenous (IV) fluids. The document outlines appropriate antibiotic treatments based on patient categories, underscores the necessity of proper sanitation, and offers strategies for effective outbreak control. Additionally, it provides guidance on recognizing severe dehydration and the need for immediate medical intervention to reduce mortality associated with cholera.
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These posters can be used to help educate people about good hygiene practices, methods for disinfecting water, and caring for family members who may be at risk of contracting cholera. They are designed for all audiences and the graphics have been ma
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de regionally specific.
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The document titled "Fason pou Gen Laviktwa sou Kolera" (How to Achieve Victory over Cholera) provides comprehensive guidelines on the clinical presentation and management of cholera, particularly i
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n the context of the 2010 Haiti outbreak. It emphasizes rapid rehydration as a lifesaving measure, detailing protocols for both oral rehydration solutions (ORS) and intravenous (IV) fluids. The document outlines appropriate antibiotic treatments based on patient categories, underscores the importance of proper sanitation, and offers strategies for effective outbreak control. Additionally, it provides guidance on recognizing severe dehydration and the necessity of immediate medical intervention to reduce mortality associated with cholera.
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The document "Prevansyon kont Diare" provides guidance on preventing and managing diarrhea. It explains that diarrhea, caused by pathogens like viruses, bacteria, and parasites, can lead to severe dehydration if untreated. Symptoms include vomiting,
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fever, and loss of appetite, with severe cases requiring urgent medical care.
To prevent diarrhea, the document emphasizes using treated or boiled water, washing hands with soap, cooking food thoroughly, and cleaning fruits and vegetables with safe water. It also provides a recipe for Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) to combat dehydration: mix 1 liter of boiled or treated water with 8 teaspoons of sugar, 1 teaspoon of salt, and a pinch of baking soda. This solution should be consumed while seeking medical attention.
The document serves as an educational resource to promote hygiene and provide simple, effective solutions for preventing and managing diarrhea.
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