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This report presents findings from research conducted by Economist Impact to assess the health, demographic, social and economic impacts associated with different scenarios for financing the HIV epidemic across 13 selected countries in Sub-Saharan A ... more
Silicosis is not a new disease; the impact of silica dust on respiratory function was observed by Hippocrates in 430 B.C. and in the 16th century by Agricol. In 1713, Rammazini described silicotic ... more
The Early Childhood Development Policy and its Strategic Plan seek to provide a framework to ensure such a holistic and integrated approach to the development of young children. International research has demonstrated the high economic returns on EC ... more
These guidelines provide a framework for effective action to facilitate access to safe and ethical testing services for different population groups. The implementation of the a comprehensive approach, known as HIV Testing Services (HTS) is cardina ... more

South Africa’s capacity to conduct antimicrobial stewardship

Chetty, S. Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases (2021) CC
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a serious public health threat was globally acknowledged by WHO in 2015, through the launch of the Global Action Plan (GAP). With a limited number of new antibiotic ... more
In 2015 around 15 million people living with HIV were receiving antiretroviral treatment (ART) in sub–Saharan Africa. Sustained provision of ART, though both prudent and necessary, creates substantial long–term fiscal obligations for countries a ... more
The purpose of the PAS III is to guide Pakistan’s overall national response for HIV and AIDS through 2020, through focused interventions with set targets, costs, roles and responsibilities. The successful implementation ... more
n 2015, Member States of the United Nations adopted the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and its accompanying Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), with the third goal of the agenda focusing ... more
The TB section of the toolkit presents selected (a) programmatic output and (b) outcome and impact indicators for TB. In addition to recommended monitoring programs and measuring the outcomes and ... more

A guide to monitoring and evaluation for collaborative TB/HIV activities

A. Kanchar; H.Getahun; P. Glaziou; et al. World Health Organization (WHO); PEPFAR; UNAIDS; et al. (2015) C_WHO
Monitoring of implementation of collaborative TB/HIV activities and evaluation of impact is crit ... more
Further Analysis of the 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2014 Cambodia Demographic and Health Surveys | DHS Further Analysis Reports No. 106
Further Analysis of the 2000, 2005, and 2011 Demographic Health Surveys. DHS Further Analysis Reports No. 72
The aim of this handbook is to provide network members and other laboratories involved in the diagnosis of tuberculosis, with an agreed list ... more

HIV prevention in the Spotlight

M. Alonso González; J. Hourcade Bellocq; M. B. Mello; et al. Pan American Health Organization; World Health Organization (Americas); UNAIDS (2017) C_WHO
An analysis from the perspective of the health sector in Latin America and the Caribbean Washington, D.C., 2017
Ending the epidemics of HIV, tuberculosis and malaria by 2030 is within reach, but not yet fully in our grasp. With only 11 years left, we have no time to waste. We must step up the fight now.
Assessing the impact of the EVD outbreak on health systems in Sierra Leone. Survey concluded 6-17 October 2014
Based on further analysis of the 2004 Kenya Service Provision Assessment Survey
To assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on health and HIV expenditure, UNAIDS carried out a modelling study on fiscal space for health and HIV. From a sample ... more
Driving Impact through Programme Monitoring and Management These guidelines – an update to the World Health Organization’s 2015 publication Consolidated strategic information guidelines – present a set ... more
This report provides a review and analysis of the research landscape for three diseases – Chagas disease, human African trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis – that disproportionately afflict poor a ... more
The volume presents data on the surgical burden of disease, disability, congenital anomalies, and trauma, along with health impact and economic analyses o ... more
A toolkit for pharmacists. Emerging data show that medication errors and adverse events cause significant harm to patients’ health and well-being. It is estimated that the burden of adverse events due to medicines is now comparable to that ... more
The document "Global Report on Diabetes" by the World Health Organization (WHO) provides an in-depth analysis of diabetes as a global health challenge. It covers the rising prevalence ... more
This publication describes an arduous campaign to tackle the use of antimicrobials - specifically antibiotics - in the Danish swine-producing sector thanks to the collaboration between the regulatory sector within the Ministry ... more
The importance of robust mortality surveillance systems cannot be overstated in an era marked by increasing global health challenges where health threats loom large and population dynamics continue to evolve. Accurate and timely mortality data is es ... more
The 2020 edition of the World malaria report takes a historical look at key milestones that helped shape the global response to the disease over the last 2 decades – a period of unprecedented succ ... more
The occurrence of a high percentage of couterfeit medicines on the global medicines market is often attributed to a lack of effective regulation an ... more
Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of ... more
Core Indicators 2019: Health Trends in the Americas starts with a demographic overview of the Americas to demonstrate how the Region has changed over 25 years. These key demographic indicators provide valuable context to better understand the popula ... more
The development of this draft Proposed programme budget 2022–2023 comes at a unique moment for WHO. The world is in the grip of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic and faces health, social ... more
One of the first steps in developing a multisectoral action plan (MSAP) is to use a situation analysis to provide a comprehensive assessment of th ... more
Modelling the health impacts of disruptions to essential health services during COVID-19 Module 1 Several epidemiological models have been created to assess the potential impact ... more
The application of digital health technology is growing at a rapid rate in Africa, with the goals of improving the delivery of healthcare services ... more
This guide can inform any partner that manages or supports public health supply chains. Ministries of health, technical assistance partners, or non-governmental organization (NGO) operating distribution systems can all benefit from conducting a cost ... more
The WHO South-East Asia (‎SEA)‎ Region bears a high burden of tuberculosis (‎TB)‎ and MDR-TB. In 2015, the Region accounted for nearly 200 000 or 35% ... more
The 2020 edition of the World malaria report takes a historical look at key milestones that helped shape the global response to the disease over the last 2 decades – a period of unprecedented succ ... more
This Tuberculosis guide has been developed jointly by Médecins Sans Frontières and Partners In Health. It aims at providing useful information to the clinicians and health staff for the comprehensive management ... more
MSF provides treatment for HIV and tuberculosis (TB) in more than 20 countries around the world. The report Burden sharing or burden shifting? How the HIV/TB response is being derailed examines the situation in nine countries where MSF runs program ... more
Review of International, Regional and National Policies and Legal Frameworks that Promote Migrants and Mobile Populations' Access to Health and Malaria Services in the Greater Mekong Subregion (Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Myanmar, Th ... more
This Guideline, the first for the country, draws from national health sector reforms and integration agenda as outlined in the key national strategic documents. The Guide applies lessons learnt from the SRH/HIV Linkages project and its scale-up; other national experiences and from regional and globa ... more
Ahead of World Malaria Day, the WHO Global Malaria Programme published a new operational strategy outlining its priorities and key activities up to 2030 to help change the trajectory of malaria tren ... more

Building Bridges

E. Toska, et al. Comic Relief; Health Poverty Action (2013) CC
Lessons and best practices in empowering pastoralist communities to prevent HIV infection and reduce the impact of AIDS in Ethiopia. Briefing Paper
The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study, a collaborative endeavour of the World Health Organization (WHO), the World Bank and the Harvard School of ... more
A manual intended for medical and other personnel responsible for humanitarian activities in armed conflicts. It covers the following topics: setting up a health-care system that meets the essential needs of war victims, particularly ... more
Policy Research Working Paper 6100 | Impact Evaluation Series No. 60 | This study examines the effect of performance incentives for health care providers to provide more and higher quality care in R ... more
This assessment is the first of its kind to be conducted in the south-eastern region of Myanmar. It is an important contribution to ensuring the full inclusion ... more
This module is part of the WHO series The Immunological Basis for Immunization, which was initially developed in 1993 as a set of eight modules, comprising one module on general immunology and seven ... more
Alcohol use is deeply embedded in the social landscape of many societies, and some 2300 million people drink alcoholic beverages in most parts of the world. At the same time, more than half ... more
This report provides an overview of the operations and activities of the WHO Country Office in Ukraine in 2023. Despite the acute health impacts of ... more
Antimicrobial resistance is a global crisis that threatens a century of progress in health and achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. There is no time to wait. Unless the world acts urgen ... more
Severe bacterial infections are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among people with advanced HIV disease, after tuberculosis and cryptococcal disease. For countries to reach the end-AIDS ta ... more
This report is one of the first major products of the newly established Precision Public Health Metrics unit of the UCN cluster ... more
This casebook collects 64 case studies, each of which raises an important and difficult ethical issue connected with planning, reviewing, or conducting health-related research. The book’s purpose is to contribute to thoughtful ... more

Mental, Neurological, and Substance Use Disorders

Vikram Patel, Dan Chisholm, Tarun Dua et al. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development The World Bank (2016) CC
Disease Control Priorities, 3rdEdition: Volume 4. Mental, neurological, and substance use disorders are common, highly disabling, and associated with significant premature mortality. The impact of ... more
Interim guidance 2 march 2021 Current use of drugs to prevent COVID-19 is variable, reflecting large-scale uncertainty. Numerous randomized trials of many different drugs are underway to inform pra ... more
12 May 2021. This third survey in the series shows that the COVID-19 pandemic continues to impact societies, not only in terms of health, but also social and economic conditions and day-to-day life
Thefirst report on Latin America and the Carribean presents key indicators on health and health systems in 33 Latin America and the Caribbean countries. . Analysis is based on the latest comparable data across almost 100 indicators including equity ... more
These guidelines provide new and updated recommendations on the use of point-of-care testing in children under 18 months of age and point- ... more
The meningitis road map has been designated as a flagship global strategy of the WHO’s Thirteenth General Programme of Work, 2019–2023 and is an essential component in achieving universal health ... more
This Clinic Supervisor’s Manual is helpful for focusing managers on the key elements of integrated primary health care as they simultaneously integrate new interventions for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis ... more
Climate change is damaging human health now and is projected to have a greater impact in the future. Low- and middle-income countries are seeing the worst effects as they are most vulnerable to climate shifts and least able to adapt given weak healt ... more
The portable diagnostic imaging technology covered by this document will serve not only the pressing demands for tuberculosis screening and triage but also other diseases. Therefore, the requirements, accessories, hardware and software packages list ... more
The checklist and reference list has two parts: high-level cross-cutting content (Part A) and specific programme content (Part B). Part A applies to all countries and contains situation and response analysis, the NSP development process, the goal, t ... more
his Framework begins with a desired future scenario and considers actions and interventions necessary to get there. It advocates for holistic view to address tuberculosis. The Framework revisits challenges and actions in four layers: TB specific; ch ... more
People with disabilities experience significant health inequalities. In Malawi, where most individuals live in low-income rural settings, many of these inequalities are exacerbated by restricted access to health care services. This qualitative study ... more
9 June 2021 Since its launch, GLASS has expanded in scope and coverage and as of May 2021, 109 countries and territories worldwide have enrolled in GLASS. A key new component in GLASS is the inclusion of ... more
In March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that the outbreak of COVID-19, the disease caused by a new coronavirus, constituted a pandemic, given the speed and scale of its transmiss ... more
Large-Scale UN Response Needed to Address Health and Food Crises This report is based on interviews with more than 150 health care professionals, Venezuelans seeking or in need of medical care who recently arrived in Colombia and Brazil, representa ... more
2nd edition. The 2018 Roadmap incorporates an additional critical population: adolescents. Despite making up 1 in 6 of the world’s people, adolescents have been largely overlooked as global momentum to address TB has grown. Spanning the ages ... more

WHO alcohol brief intervention training manual for primary care

World Health Organization (Europe) (2017) C_WHO
Alcohol contributes significantly to the disease and mortality burden in the WHO European Region, and primary health care systems play an important role in reducing the impact of harmful alcohol use ... more
This document adopts a health determinants framework for examining the evidence related to women’s poor mental health. From this perspective, public policy including economic policy, socio-cultural and environmental factors, community and social support, stressors and life events, personal behavio ... more
Antimicrobial resistant (AMR) organisms are increasing globally, threatening to render existing treatments ineffective against many infectious diseases. In Africa, AMR has already been documented to be a problem for HIV and the pathogens that cause malaria, ... more
While much progress has been achieved over the past year, the Region of the Americas has stubbornly remained the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic. PAHO is launching its 2021 COVID-19 Response Str ... more

Malaria Operational Plan FY 2018 Ethiopia

United States Agency for International Development United States Agency for International Development (2018) C1
This FY 2018 Malaria Operational Plan (MOP) presents a detailed implementation plan for Ethiopia, based on the strategies of PMI and the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP). It was developed in consultation with the Federal Ministry ... more
BACKGROUND: Growing political attention to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) offers a rare opportunity for achieving meaningful action. Many governments have developed national AMR action plans, but most have not yet implemented policy interventions to reduce antimicrobial overuse. A systematic evidenc ... more
Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. 2022; 19(1): 37–45. Published online 2022 Jan 29. doi: 10.1007/s11904-021-00589-4. COVID-19 has had an unprecedented impact on the cascade-of-care among PLWH in LAC. There is ... more
The Strategy to respond to antimalarial drug resistance in Africa is a technical and advocacy document, grounded in the best available evidence to date and aimed at minimizing the threat and impact of ... more
This status report shows how far we have come—and how much further we must go—if we hope to meet the global commitments to end AIDS in children. It offers a snapshot of global progress and permits an early assessment ... more
The Global Asthma Report (GAR) 2022, prepared by the Global Asthma Network (GAN), is the fourth such report (others 2011, 2014, 2018). GAN builds upon the work of the International Study of Asthma a ... more
Notable progress has also been made on other key health indicators such as reducing maternal, infant and child deaths and malnutrition, increasing immunization coverage, eliminating infectious diseases such as polio and reducing the incidence of mal ... more
In the last decade, Timor-Leste has made remarkable progress in strengthening its health system and improving the health status of its population. This has resulted in an increased life expectancy, and the achievement ... more
Histoplasmosis is a disease caused by the fungus Histoplasma capsulatum. This disease is highly endemic in some regions of North America, Central America, and South America and is also reported in certain countries ... more
Over the past two decades, Afghanistan has depended on international donor support to fund essential services like health care. But this donor support has been falling for years and will likely to continue do so—perhaps precipitously—following the announcement by United States President Joe Bide ... more
This report summarizes the latest scientific knowledge on the links between exposure to air pollution and adverse health effects in children. It is intended to inform and motivate individual and collective action by health care professionals to prevent damage to children’s health from exposure to ... more
The HHFA Comprehensive guide serves as the main reference document for planning and implementing a country HHFA. This guide will promote understanding of: What the HHFA is and the information it can and cannot provide. The HHFA modules, questionna ... more
Six months after its launch on 24 April, the Access to COVID-19 Tools (ACT) Accelerator has already delivered concrete results in speeding up the development of new therapeutics, diagnostics, and vaccines. Now mid-way through the scale-up phase, the ... more
Pathogen genomic surveillance has become a priority for public health systems in recent years. Genomic sequencing is increasingly being used to characterize pathogens and monitor important public health priorities (e.g. poliovirus, influenza virus, Mycobacterium ... more
WHO’s Country Cooperation Strategy (CCS) defines the Organization’s medium-term vision for working in and with a particular country. The CCS, developed in the context of global and national health priorities, examines the overall health situatio ... more
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious public health concern with economic, social and political implications that are global in scope, and cross all environmental and ethnic boundaries. As a global threat, AMR risks the achievements ... more
This FY 2017 Malaria Operational Plan presents a detailed implementation plan for Senegal, based on the strategies of PMI and the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP) strategy. It was developed in consultation with the NMCP and with the participa ... more
This FY 2019 Malaria Operational Plan presents a detailed implementation plan for Burkina Faso, based on the strategies of PMI and the National Malaria Control Program (NMCP). It was developed in consultation with the NMCP and with the participation ... more
The Strategy provides a high-level unifying framework to leverage existing capacities, address barriers and strengthen the use of genomic surveillance in the detection, monitoring and response to public health threats. Genomic surveillance is part ... more
Global Development: Where Are We Now? Today, we are facing a vital opportunity to change the profile of cardiovascular disease around the world. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) are due to expire at the end ... more
Every year, nearly 250 million people move across borders temporarily or permanently for a job opportunity, studying, to flee a crisis back home, or for other reasons. Another 750 million move for similar reasons within the borders of their countrie ... more

Cancer in sub-Saharan Africa

Ngwa, W.; et al. Lancet Oncology Commission (2022) C2
Lancet Oncol 2022; 23: e251–312Published OnlineMay 9, 2022 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1470-2045(21)00720-8 In sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), urgent action is needed to curb a growing crisis in cancer incidence and mortality. Without rapid interventions, data estimates show a major increase in cancer mo ... more
Each humanitarian setting provides distinct opportunities and challenges for actors to coordinate and collaborate at strategic and operational levels. The Health and Protection Joint Operational Framework has been developed to ensure that the health and protection response during humanitarian emerge ... more
Preliminary overview of refugees and migrants self-reported impact of COVID-19 The study surveyed over 30,000 refugees and migrants living in 170 ... more
In a prospective cohort study in Bangwe primary care clinic, Blantyre, Malawi, all adults (18 years or older) presenting with an acute illness were screened for TB symptoms (cough, fever, night sweats, weight loss). Demographic characteristics were linked to exit interview by fingerprint bioidentifi ... more
Towards Sustainable Community Health and Social Welfare Services Leaving No One Behind. This Operational Guideline for Community-Based Health Services (CBHS) in line with the CBHS Policy Guideline map an integrated and coordinated national approach to community-based health services in Tanzania. ... more
This paper reviews the effects of vertical responses to COVID-19 on health systems, services, and people’s access to and use of them in LMICs, where historic and ongoing under-investments heighten ... more