These consolidated guidelines on HIV testing services (HTS) bring together existing and new guidance on HTS across different settings and populations.
The World Health Organization (WHO) first released consolidated guidelines on HTS in 2015, in response to requests from Member States, national pr...ogramme managers and health workers for support to achieve the United Nations (UN) 90–90–90 global HIV targets – and specifically the first target of diagnosing 90% of all people with HIV. In 2016, based on new evidence, WHO released a supplement to address important new HIV testing approaches – HIV self-testing (HIVST) and provider-assisted referral.
Since the release of 2015 and 2016 HTS guidelines, new issues and more evidence have emerged. To address this, WHO has updated guidance on HIV testing services. In this guideline, WHO updates recommendation on HIVST and provides new recommendations on social network-based HIV testing approaches and western blotting (see box, next page). This guideline seeks to provide support to Member States, programme managers, health workers and other stakeholders seeking to achieve national and international goals to end the HIV epidemic as a public health threat by 2030.
These guidelines also provide operational guidance on HTS demand creation and messaging; implementation considerations for priority populations; HIV testing strategies for diagnosis HIV; optimizing the use of dual HIV/syphilis rapid diagnostic tests; and considerations for strategic planning and rationalizing resources such as optimal time points for maternal retesting
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Stand 4/2022
Aktualisierung des Abschnitts „Hinweise zur Durchführung von Schutzimpfungen“ inkl. neuem Teil zu „Impfungen zum Schutz der reproduktiven Gesundheit, bei Kinderwunsch und während Schwanger - schaft und Stillzeit“
Epidemiologisches Bulletin ; 4/2022
Данное руководство представляет собой попытку объединения проверенных универсальных подходов к оказанию психологической и психиатрической помощи в чрезвыча...ных ситуациях с одной сто-роны, и необходимость учета факторов, специфичных для каждой отдельной культуры, с другой.
Accessed on 2019
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The Government of India is embarking on a mammoth task to prevent COVID-19 spread among communities. The Rapid Evidence Synthesis team received a request to support the planning and development of resources for ensuring preparedness of FLHWs for COVID-19 . The rapid evidence synthesis was conducted ...in a period of three days.
The findings highlight what we can learn from recent pandemics such that we are prepared for potential scenarios and challenges due to COVID-19. Key issues which decision-makers need to consider, based on available evidence
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Interim Guidance October 2022. This addendum addresses some of the methodological aspects of VE evaluations that have been learned during the past year, as well as those that have become relevant in the current epidemiological setting of the COVID-19 pandemic. For some of the COVID-19 vaccine method...ology issues there are still insufficient data to make a recommendation, in which case different options for approaching VE evaluations are presented.
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COVID-19 Vaccines: 1 Safety Surveillance 2 Manual
While there is no indication that pregnant women have an increased susceptibility to infection with SARS-CoV-2, there is evidence that pregnancy may increase the risk of severe illness and mortality from COVID-19 disease in comparison with non-pregn...ant women of reproductive age. As seen with non-pregnant women, a high proportion of pregnant women have asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infection and severe disease is associated with recognized medical (e.g., high body-mass index (BMI), diabetes, pre-existing pulmonary or cardiac conditions) and social (e.g., social deprivation, ethnicity) risk factors. Pregnant women with symptomatic COVID-19 appear to have an increased risk of intensive care unit admission, mechanical ventilation and death in comparison with non-pregnant women of reproductive age, although the absolute risks remain low. COVID-19 may increase the risk of preterm birth, compared with pregnant women without COVID-19, although the evidence is inconclusive.
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Bei der vorliegenden Publikation handelt es sich um die auf Grundlage aktueller Daten und Fakten überarbeitete Neuauflage der 2014 veröffentlichten Positionen. Nach einer kurzen Bestimmung zentraler Begriffe werden wichtige Aspekte, die mit der Aufnahme und Unterbringung sowie mit den Rechten und ...Pflichten von umF verbunden sind, diskutiert.
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Many critical questions remain about the effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccines in real-world settings. These questions can only be answered in post-introduction vaccine effectiveness studies.This guidance document outlines an approach to leverage existing surveillance systems for Severe Acute Respirato...ry Infection (SARI) to estimate COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness (VE) in preventing SARI associated with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 using existing SARI surveillance systems. The approach uses the test-negative design to evaluate VE; cases are SARI patients who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2, and controls are SARI patients who tested negative for SARS-CoV-2.
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Working Paper 589 July 2021T
Este documento de referência foi preparado pelo Grupo de Trabalho sobre Vacinas contra COVID-19 do Grupo Consultivo Estratégico de Especialistas em Imunização (SAGE) para orientar as discussões do SAGE em sua reunião extraordinária de 8 de fevereiro de 2021, que resultou na publicação do do...cumento da OMS de 10 de fevereiro de 2021 Recomendações provisórias para o uso da vacina AZD1222 [ChAdOx1-S (recombinante)] contra COVID-19 desenvolvida pela Universidade de Oxford e pela AstraZeneca. Os dois documentos estão disponíveis na página sobre COVID-19 do SAGE: https://www.who.int/groups/strategic-advisory-group-of-experts-on-immunization/covid-19-materials. Têm sido usados vetores de adenovírus deficientes na replicação contendo um transgene específico do patógeno como novas vacinas devido à sua capacidade de induzir respostas humorais e celulares fortes.
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PlosOne Published: July 14, 2021
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254339
SBMFC Recommendations for PHC during the Pandemic of COVID-19 (edition 4)
This document answers questions and gives recommendations so that the Brazilian PHC can quickly receive the best possible scientific synthesis on the current situation of the pandemic of COVID-19
As pandemias virais costumam representar sérias ameaças ao equilíbrio dos sistemas de saúde, ao impor-lhes demandas extraor-dinárias e sustentadas, que podem ultrapassar a capacidade de atendimento, no que diz respeito tanto aos insumos e às tecnologias disponíveis, quanto aos recurs...os humanos/profissionais capacitados. Trazem o enorme desafio de equilibrar igualdade entre as pessoas e equidade na distribuição de riscos e benefícios entre elas.
Diante desse cenário de casos cada vez mais frequentes de COVID-19 na
população, surge a premente necessidade de se avaliarem as melhores práticas para a otimização da utilização dos meios e recursos disponíveis. Dessa forma, considerando o iminente risco de indisponibilidade de leitos de terapia intensiva e respiradores para todos os indivíduos, acometidos ou não pela doença, torna-se fundamental estabelecer critérios clínicos, técnicos e éticos, para a melhor utilização dos mesmos, para se conseguir otimizar resultado e gerar o maior benefício possível.
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Climate Change 2021: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change
This booklet presents key messages for action, summarized from a set of
chapters on different environmental health issues.
Constraints, Technologies, Policies and Processes