Community pharmacists are the health professionals most accessible to the public and are a cornerstone of primary health care. The role of community pharmacists is expanding globally. This report pr...ovides an overview of existing components and provisions of the legal and regulatory framework for community pharmacies and their activities in Europe. It presents the diverse approaches to community pharmacy licenses and to establishment of new pharmacies and their ownership. It also details the framework for community pharmacy operating requirements (including opening hours, workforce, premises and equipment, services provided and identification of a community pharmacy) and the types of activity undertaken. Provisions associated with possible alternative forms of dispensing medicines (over-the-counter medicines, prescription-only medicines, dispensing by medical doctors and online medicine sales) are also described
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The Facilitator's Guide has been piloted in Borno (Nigeria) and in Fafan zone (Somali region, Ethiopia) and improved iteratively after each test.
What does the ROAP have that you won't find in other methodologies?
It is based on holistic, people-centred approaches that span across sectors an...d consider people's perceptions, priorities, ways of coping, and assistance preferences.
It introduces the concepts of inter-sector needs profile and inter-sector causal analysis, and how to use these to articulate shared objectives and better integrated and holistic response packages, as opposed to siloed plans.
It introduces the concept of basic needs basket, and how to define the BN basket based on both households' perspective and sector experts' opinions, and acknowledging that needs have different frequencies and timings, and units of analysis (individual, household, community).
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Tuberculosis (TB) is, and should be, a curable disease; however, each year significant numbers of patients acquire or develop drug-resistant TB, which has a much lower cure rate. Patients with drug-resistant TB have a high prevalence ...ss="attribute-to-highlight medbox">of symptoms; hence, staff caring for these patients should have some familiarity with palliative care, so that general palliative care principles are available to all patients. The timely identification, and addressing, of adverse events occurring during the treatment course is considered as general palliative care for those receiving curative treatment. This publication summarizes the general palliative care approach, which is recommended for use in settings and services that occasionally treat palliative care patients, but do not provide palliative care as the main focus of their work. The review focuses on 18 high TB priority countries of the WHO European Region.
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Department of Behavioural Medicine, Lagos State University College of Medicine Ikeja, Lagos Nige...ria
Global Mental Health (2015), 2, e5, page 1 of 12. doi:10.1017/gmh.2015.8;
Received 29 January 2015; Revised 8 April 2015; Accepted 15 April 2015
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Supply of essential medicines and health technologies (6 April 2020)
This paper is one of a set of...span> technical guidance papers developed by the WHO Regional Office for Europe to provide practical information and resources for decision-makers on measures to strengthen the health system response to COVID-19.
The purpose of this paper is to provide WHO Regional Office for Europe Country Offices and Member States with guidance on how to maintain supplies of medicines and health technologies, including devices, diagnostics and blood products, during the COVID-19 outbreak.
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List of essential medicines for the management of patients admitted in intensive care units with a suspected or confirmed diagnosis ...tribute-to-highlight medbox">of COVID 19. Third version, 1 February 2022
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The design of anaesthesia equipment for use in hospitals in the developing world must take intoaccount the local conditions, particularly whether reliable supplies ...t medbox">of compressed oxygen andelectricity are available. Designs should ensure that maintenance is feasible locally. Internationalstandards should encourage the design of suitable equipment to ensure safe anaesthesia for patientsworldwide
Anaesthesia, 2007,62(Suppl. 1), pages 54–60
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The Public Health Burden of Commercial Tobacco Use
The burden of disease and death from commercial tobacco* ...dbox">use in the United States is
overwhelmingly caused by cigarettes and other combustible tobacco products.
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In recent years, high prices of pharmaceutical products have posed challenges in high- and low-income countries alike. In many instances, high prices of pharmaceutical products have led to significa...nt financial hardship for individuals and negatively impacted on healthcare systems’ ability to provide population-wide access to essential medicines.
Pharmaceutical pricing policies need to be carefully planned, carried out, and regularly checked and revised according to changing conditions. Strong, well-thought-out policies can guide well-informed and balanced decisions to achieve affordable access to essential health products.
This guideline replaces the 2015 WHO guideline on country pharmaceutical pricing policies, revised to reflect the growing body of literature since the last evidence review in 2010. This update also recognizes country experiences in managing the prices of pharmaceutical products.
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The use of Delamanid and Bedaquiline for Children with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis.
African Journal of Emergency Medicine
Volume 11, Issue 1, March 2021, Pages 132-139
African Journal of Laboratory Medicine | Vol 7, No 2 | a770 | 06 December 2018
The document describes the use of strategic information at various stages of the response in the context ...">of strengthening broader health information systems. Strategic information can be defined as data collected at all service delivery and administrative levels to inform policy and programme decisions.
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Table of contents:
- Preface
- Introductory note and acknowledgements
- Commentary
- Chapter 1: Drug supply and the market
- Chapter 2: Drug use prevalence and trends
- Chapter 3: Drug-related... harms and responses
- Annex: National data tables
Available in 24 languages on:
http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/publications/edr/trends-developments/2018
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New England Journal of Medicine
April 9, 2021
DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa2104840
The New England Journal of Medicine has a perspective on Ebola Virus Disease in West Africa — Clinical Manifestations and Management, written by authors who have cared for more than 700 patients w...ith EVD between August 23 and October 4, 2014, in the largest Ebola treatment unit in Monrovia, Liberia (Free Access) NEJm, November 5, 2014DOI: 10.1056/NEJMp1413084
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The extensive use of natural resources threatens to exceed the carrying capacity of the Earth. The concept ...ox">of a
circular economy offers an avenue to sustainable growth, good health and decent jobs, while saving the environment
and its natural resources. Further, the change from a linear economy (take, make, dispose) to a circular economy (renew, remake, share) is expected to support significantly the attainment of the Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs), particularly SDG 12 on responsible consumption and production.
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This interagency report provides recommendations for assuring quality of medicines during key activities of country-level procurement agencies, nam...ely prequalification of pharmaceutical products and manufacturers; purchase of pharmaceutical products; storage of pharmaceutical products; and distribution of pharmaceutical products.
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The occurrence of a high percentage of couterfeit medicines on the global medicines market is of...ten attributed to a lack of effective regulation and a weak enforcement capacity. This review, while focusing on counterfeit medicines and medical devices in developing countries, will present information on their impact and how these issues can be addressed by regulation and control of the supply chain using technology appropriate to the developing world.
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Update of the Mental Health Gap Action Programme
(mhGAP) Guideline for Mental, Neurological and Substance use Disorders May 2015