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Health Impact & Climate Change
22
Substance Use Disorders & Addiction
22
Global Impact: Socio-economic, health services, TB & HIV
19
Drug resistant TB
18
Reports
16
Reports & Studies
16
Infection Control General
15
Urban health
15
Neurological Disorders
15
Children & Adolescents
13
Community Health Workers CHW
13
Guiding documents and principles
13
HIV in Key Populations
13
HIV testing & services
12
Long COVID/ Post-COVID Syndrome
12
Clean air
12
Country specific
11
Policies & Programmes
11
Waste Managment
11
Studies & Reports
11
others
11
Agriculture
10
Traditional & Herbal Medicines
10
Health Care Systems
10
Detection & Diagnosis
10
TB & Prisoners
10
War & Conflict
9
Assessment & Studies
9
Prevention & Control
9
Adults
9
Training Manuals
9
General Studies & Reports
9
Treatment Guidelines
9
Diagnostics & Laboratory Guidance
9
General
9
Prevention & Strategies
9
Studies & Reports
9
Alzheimer's Disease & Dementia
9
Community-based Mental Health Care
9
Africa
8
Substance Use Disorders, Others
8
Prevention & Preparedness
8
Genomic sequencing
8
Disaster, Migration and Conflict
8
Education Principles
8
Heat
8
Training
8
Planetary Health
8
Eastern Europe and central Asia
8
Alcohol
7
Preparedness, Response & Risk Communication
7
Human Rights
7
Training Supporting Material mhGAP
7
Sustainable Development Goals
7
Infection Prevention & Hygiene
7
Hospital Readiness/Essential Health Services
7
Primary Care
7
Midwives
7
Peru
7
Biodiversity shift
7
Food environments
7
Women & Maternal Health
7
Guidelines & Manuals
7
Clinical Aspects & Diagnosis
7
Disaster Preparedness & Prevention
7
Self-harm & Suicide
7
Eastern Europe & Central Asia
7
Meningitis Prevention & Control
6
Children with Disabilities
6
Diagnosis & Treatment PTSD in Children
6
Policies
6
Laboratory
6
Eastern Europe
6
Global
6
Latin America
6
TB & Other Vulnerable Populations
6
Mental Health Guidelines
6
Epilepsy
6
Medical & Community Masks
6
Health Promotion
6
Other Countries
6
Green & healthy living
6
Pediatrics
6
General documents One Health
6
Climate Change
6
Infectious Diseases
6
Education
6
General Information & Methodology
6
Health Financing Toolbox
6
Global Overview
6
Hearing Loss & Deafness
6
Assessment & Response
6
Zika Prevention & Control
6
AmR (Region of Americas)
6
TB
6
Reports & Studies Children HIV
6
Neurological disorders, Others
6
Policies & Strategies
5
ART Drug Resistance
5
General Reports
5
Agriculture & Veterinary
5
Background PTSD in children
5
Schizophrenia
5
Assessment & Response
5
Social Worker
5
Public Health
5
Women's Mental Health
5
Laboratory
5
Context & Facts
5
Studies
5
Context & Facts, Travel Advice
5
Surveillance & Contact tracing
5
For Health Worker
5
Health Care Professionals & Spirituality
5
Oxygen Therapy
5
Logistics & Supply
5
SARS-CoV-2 Variants
5
Sanitation
5
Handbooks & Manuals
5
Overview & reports
5
Essential Medicines & Devices Lists
5
Falsified & Substandard
5
Strategies
5
Land-system change
5
Agriculture incl. animal husbandry
5
Reports & Studies
5
Environment
5
Public Health
5
Mental Health
5
Others
5
Planetary Boundaries Overview
5
Studies & Reports
5
Women
5
Prevention & Strategies
5
Children's Rights
5
Assessment & Response
5
Research & Access
5
Latin America & the Carribean
5
Tobacco
5
WASH
5
Food & Nutrition
5
Training & Capacity Building
5
Best Practice Models
4
Natural Disaster
4
Gynaecology / Obstetrics
4
Local Action
4
Surveillance
4
Posttraumatic stress disorder Adults
4
Europe
4
Treatment & Prevention
4
Ukraine
4
Opportunistic Infections
4
Introduction to Global Health
4
Transgender People
4
Concepts of Global Health
4
Stigma & Discrimination
4
Discrimination & Stigma
4
Mental Health Studies & Reports
4
Stress
4
International
4
General
4
COVID-19
4
For General Public & Community
4
For Migrants & Refugees
4
For Older People
4
HIV and COVID-19
4
MHPSS – Psychosocial Support
4
Essential Medicines & Medical Devices
4
Access & Strategy
4
Communication Material
4
Immunization Guidelines
4
Preparedness, Response & Risk Communication
4
Waste Management
4
Nurses
4
Advocacy
4
Essential Medicines
4
Pharmacy Management
4
Rational use of Medicine
4
General Guidelines for Rational Use
4
Situation Reports & Updates
4
WASH Water Sanitation & Hygiene
4
Clinical Aspects & Diagnostics
4
Snakebite envenoming
4
Prevention & Strategies
4
Air Pollution
4
General
4
Testing Guidelines
4
Clinical Guidelines
4
Global Health Institutions and Stakeholders
4
Western & Central Europe
4
War, Conflict Areas & Refugees
4
Depression
4
Mental Health GAP Action Programme
4
Meningitis & Encephalitis
4
Volunteers
4
Urban Health
4
Drugs
3
Public Health
3
Treatment Guidelines
3
Psychosocial Support (MHPSS)
3
Intellectual Disability
3
Laboratory Guidance
3
Clinical Aspects, Treatment & Prevention
3
Vaccines & Immunization
3
Studies & Reports
3
Influenza Prevention & Control
3
Mental Health
3
WPRO (Western Pacific Region)
3
Interculturality
3
Latin America
3
Opoids
3
Wheelchair Service and Management
3
Curricula & Core Competencies
3
Others
3
Studies & Reports
3
Research
3
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
3
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Children
3
Reports
3
Sex Worker
3
Cannabis
3
Universal Health Coverage UHC and 90-90-90 Strategy
3
Health Personnel
3
Livestock production
3
PPE Personel Protective Equipment
3
Covid-19 & the One Health Approach
3
Covid-19 & Climate Change
3
Clinical Guidelines
3
Appeals and Response Plans
3
Sustainability
3
Paediatrics
3
Child Protection
3
Pastoral Care
3
RCCE Guides & Manuals
3
COVID-19 Vaccination
3
Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs)
3
Others
3
Studies & Reports
3
Brazil
3
El Salvador
3
Planetary Boundaries
3
Mobility
3
Supply Chain & Store Management
3
Quality Assurance
3
HIV &TB
3
Freshwater use
3
Biogeochemical flows
3
Epilepsy
3
Prevention & Measures
3
Non-communicable Diseases NCD
3
Ethics
3
Clinical Aspects & Diagnostics
3
Studies & Reports
3
Mycetoma, Chromoblastomycosis & other deep mycosis
Snakebite is an acute life threatening time limiting medical emergency. It is a preventable public
health hazard often faced by rural population in tropical and subtropical countries with heavy
rainfall and humid climate.
The objectives of the meeting were:
1. To update the current status of the disease transmission, country capacities and plans for tackling the disease.
2. To understand the epidemiology including disease distribution and risk, the models
for estimating under-detection, the geographical variati...ons of in clinical presentation,
the roles of domestic and wild animal reservoirs and the subsequent different
transmission patterns and control approaches, including vector control.
3. To update current research and development efforts for improving diagnostic and
treatment tools.
4. To define the goals for achieving the control of r-HAT, the need for a multisectoral
approach and to discuss the strategy for controlling r-HAT and the coordination
mechanisms.more
Snakebite envenoming affects millions of people worldwide annually and is a significant source of mortality. Preventing and treating the problem is complex and requires collaboration among the fields of public health, medicine, ecology, and laboratory science. After being removed from the category A... neglected tropical disease (NTD) list in 2013, snakebite envenoming was reinstated in 2017 in response to antivenom shortages and advocacy from researchers and international NGOs. In 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) set a target to halve the number of deaths and cases of snakebite envenoming by 2030.more
Taenia saginata is a zoonotic tapeworm that is of economic importance in countries where cattle are kept. The parasite is transmitted from human tapeworm carriers (taeniosis) to bovines (cysticercosis) by excretion of eggs or proglottids containing eggs into the environment via the stool. Bovines ca...n then ingest the eggs through contaminated feed or water. After ingestion, the eggs hatch and release oncospheres in the small intestines, where the oncospheres penetrate the intestinal wall to reach the blood circulation. This distributes them throughout the body, but primarily to muscle tissue, where they develop into cysticerci. For humans to become infected with T. saginata, raw or undercooked bovine meat or offal containing infective cysts must be consumed. Bovine cysticercosis has been associated with various environmental factors related to water sources, such as animals having access to surface water, flooding of pastures and proximity to wastewater sources.more
Antibiotics 2022, 11(3), 329; https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11030329.
The authors found that the most-represented antibiotics on the Rwandan market were amoxicillin, co-trimoxazole and cloxacillin. No counterfeit antibiotics were found in this study. However, substandard batches with moderate ...deviations were found, suggesting that regular quality control of antibiotics is needed in Rwanda.more
Trachoma is the leading infectious cause of blindness (2). It is characterized by repeated
conjunctival infection with particular strains of Chlamydia trachomatis. This scars the conjunctivae and,
in some cases, leads to trichiasis with or without entropion. The abrasive action of eyelashes can
d...amage the cornea. In 2018, trachoma affected the poorest residents of the poorest communities of 43
countriesmore
The annual Joint Meeting of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) Panel of Experts on Pesticide Residues in Food and the Environment and the World Health Organization (WHO) Core Assessment Group on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) was held in Rome, Italy, from 13 to 22 September.... The FAO panel of experts had met in preparatory sessions from 8 to 12 September. The Meeting was held in pursuance of recommendations made by previous Meetings and accepted by the governing bodies of FAO and WHO that studies should be undertaken jointly by experts to evaluate possible hazards to humans arising from the occurrence of pesticide residues in foods. During the meeting the FAO Panel of Experts was responsible for reviewing pesticide use patterns (use of good agricultural practices), data on the chemistry and composition of the pesticides and methods of analysis for pesticide residues and for estimating the maximum residue levels that might occur as a result of the use of the pesticides according to good agricultural use practices. The WHO Core Assessment Group was responsible for reviewing toxicological and related data and for estimating, where possible and appropriate, acceptable daily intakes (ADIs) and acute reference doses (ARfDs) of the pesticides for humans. This report contains information on ADIs, ARfDs, maximum residue levels, and general principles for the evaluation of pesticides. The recommendations of the Joint Meeting, including further research and information, are proposed for use by Member governments of the respective agencies and other interested parties.more
Promoting health and preventing disease is a critical component of the effort required to achieve Universal Health Coverage (UHC). to date, efforts to achieve UHC have focused mostly on strengthening health systems and their capacities to provide curative care. However, experience from the COVID-19 ...pandemic has reaffirmed the need for resilient health systems, emphasizing primary health care, including preventive and promotive health and well-being.
Emerging from the eye of the storm as the global health lead agency during the pandemic, WHO is equipped with the required insights and actions for a holistic approach to “building back fairer and better” after COVID-19.
The Healthier Populations (UHP) Cluster in the African Region is designed to support Pillar 3 of WHO’s 13th Global Programme of Work (GPW13) which aims to make 1 billion people healthier by reducing health inequities, preventing diseases and injuries, addressing health determinants, and promoting partnerships for collaborative actions amongst all stakeholders.more
Those who clean are the first line of defense against health care-associated infections (HAIs), and support efforts to reduce antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
Strengthening the training of this important group can contribute to resolving many of today’s public health challenges. This is importan...t given that cleaning both surfaces and hands is vital to control the transmission of a number of HAIs.
This two-part training package targets those who clean heath care facilities.
The Trainer’s Guide takes the user through how to prepare, deliver and sustain an effective training for those who clean. The Modules and Resources provides instructions, definitions, photographs, posters and specific illustrations of recommended practices
The package can be used by those who deliver environmental cleaning training programmes and/or those with a background in IPC including ministries of health, nongovernmental organizations, academic institutions, experts working in Quality of care, IPC and environmental cleaning/ Water, sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) and Health facility IPC focal points and onsite cleaning supervisorsmore
The WHO continuously reviews available data on SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. For this version, the global epidemiological
situation of the COVID-19 pandemic as of 21 January 2022 – at a time when the Omicron VOC had been identified in 171
countries across all six WHO Regions and was rapidly re...placing Delta worldwide – was considered Omicron has a substantial growth advantage, higher secondary attack rates and a higher observed reproduction number than Delta.
There is now significant evidence that immune evasion contributes to the rapid spread of Omicron. Other factors may be a shorter
serial interval (by about 0.8 to 1.2 days compared to Delta) and potential increased intrinsic transmission fitness . There is
growing evidence that with Omicron, there is lower vaccine effectiveness (VE) against infection and symptomatic disease soon after vaccination compared to Delta. There is also evidence of accelerated waning of VE over time of the primary series against infection and symptomatic disease for the studied vaccines. Further studies are required to better understand the drivers of transmission and declining incidence in various settings. These factors include the intrinsic transmission fitness properties of the virus, degree of immune evasion, vaccination coverage and level of vaccine-derived and post-infection immunity, levels of social mixing and degree of application of public health and social measures (PHSM).more
Every day in 2020, approximately 800 women died from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth - meaning that a woman dies around every two minutes.
Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 3.1 is to reduce maternal mortality to less than 70 maternal deaths per 100 000 live births by ...2030.
The United Nations Maternal Mortality Estimation Inter-Agency Group (MMEIG) – comprising WHO, the United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), the World Bank Group and the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (UNDESA/Population Division) has collaborated with external technical experts on a new round of estimates covering 2000 to 2020. The estimates represent the most up to date, internationally-comparable MMEIG estimates of maternal mortality, using refined input data and methods from previous rounds.
The report presents internationally comparable global, regional and country-level estimates and trends for maternal mortality between 2000 and 2020.more
In response to the recent publication “Is onchocerciasis elimination in Africa feasible by 2025: a perspective based on lessons learnt from the African control programmes” by Dadzie et al., it is important to clarify and highlight the positive and unequivocal research and operational contributio...ns from the American experience towards the worldwide elimination of human onchocerciasis (river blindness).more
Over the past twenty years, huge efforts made by a broad coalition of stakeholders curbed the last epidemic and brought the disease to the brink of elimination. In this paper, the latest figures on disease occurrence, geographical distribution and control activities are presented. Strong evidence in...dicates that the elimination of sleeping sickness ‘as a public health problem’ by 2020 is well within reach. In particular, fewer than one thousand new cases were reported in 2018, and the area where the risk of infection is estimated as moderate, high or very high has shrunk to less than 200,000 km2. More than half of this area is in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The interruption of transmission of the gambiense form, targeted by the World Health Organization (WHO) for 2030, will require renewed efforts to tackle a range of expected and unexpected challenges. The rhodesiense form of the disease represents a small part of the overall HAT burden. For this form, the problem of under detection is on the rise and, because of an important animal reservoir, the elimination of disease transmission is not envisioned at this stage.more
Schistosomiasis is a helminthic infection and one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). It is caused by blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma. It is an important public health problem, particularly in poverty-stricken areas, especially those within the tropics and subtropics. It is estimated th...at at least 236 million people worldwide are infected, 90% of them in sub-Saharan Africa, and that this disease causes approximately 300,000 deaths annually. The clinical manifestations are varied and affect practically all organs. There are substantial differences in the clinical presentation, depending on the phase and clinical form of schistosomiasis in which it occurs. Schistosomiasis can remain undiagnosed for a long period of time, with secondary clinical lesion. Here, we review the clinical profile of schistosomiasis. This information may aid in the development of more efficacious treatments and improved disease prognosis.more
Since 2000, concerted efforts by national programmes, supported by public–private partnerships, nongovernmental organizations, donors and academia under the auspices and coordination of the World Health Organization (WHO), have produced important achievements in the control of human African trypan...osomiasis (HAT). As a consequence, the disease was targeted for elimination as a public health problem by 2020. The Sixty-sixth World Health Assembly endorsed this goal in resolution WHA66.12 on neglected tropical diseases, adopted in 2013.
National sleeping sickness control programmes (NSSCPs) are core to progressing control of the disease and in adapting to the different epidemiological situations. The involvement of different partners, as well as the support and trust of long-term donors, has been crucial for the achievements.more
This guideline provides evidence-based recommendations on parenting interventions for parents and caregivers of children aged 0–17 years that are designed to reduce child maltreatment and harsh parenting, enhance the parent–child relationship, and prevent poor mental health among parents and emo...tional and behavioural problems among children.more
The introduction of vaccines for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) added another measure to the existing set of
recommended preventive measures (wearing a mask in public, keeping a distance from other people and regular handwashing). The roll-out of the vaccines, however, raised concerns that vac...cination may lead to lower adherence to the existing
preventive measures. The advice from the World Health Organization (WHO) was to continue these public health and
social measures after being vaccinated.1 However, evidence from other epidemics suggests that there is lower adherence to
preventive measures when some level of protection exists (for example, individuals who use human immunodeficiency virus
pre-exposure prophylaxismore
This sourcebook aims to detail why health needs to be part of urban and territorial planning and how to make this happen. It brings together two vital elements we need to build habitable cities on a habitable planet: 1) Processes to guide the development of human settlements – in this document ref...erred to as “urban and territorial planning (UTP)”; and 2) concern for human health, well-being and health equity at all levels – from local to global, and from human to planetary health.
This sourcebook identifies a comprehensive selection of existing resources and tools to support the incorporation of health into UTP, including advocacy frameworks, entry points and guidance, as well as tools and illustrative case studies. It does not provide prescriptions for specific scenarios – these should be determined by context, people and available resources.more
This was a Phase 3, multi-center, randomized, open-label, parallel-group, active control study where 273 male and female patients with first stage Trypanosoma brucei gambiense HAT were treated at six sites: one trypanosomiasis reference center in Angola, one hospital in South Sudan, and four hospita...ls in the Democratic Republic of the Congo between August 2005 and September 2009 to support the registration of pafuramidine for treatment of first stage HAT in collaboration with the United States Food and Drug Administration. Patients were treated with either 100 mg of pafuramidine orally twice a day for 10 days or 4 mg/kg pentamidine intramuscularly once daily for 7 days to assess the efficacy and safety of pafuramidine versus pentamidine. Pregnant and lactating women as well as adolescents were included.more