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Interim Version 24, February 2020
This checklist has been prepared with the aim of supporting hospital managers and emergency planners in achieving the above by defining and initiating actions needed to ensure a rapid response to the COVID-19 outbreak. The checklist is structured on eleven key co
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mponents; under each component, there is a list of questions regarding the status of implementation of the recommended action specific to that component. Hospitals at risk of increased health service demand should be prepared to initiate the implementation of each action promptly. The section on “Recommended reading” lists selected tools, guidelines and strategies relevant to each component, as well as other supporting documentation.
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Interim Guidcance March 2020
People affected by humanitarian crises, particularly those displaced and/or living in camps and camp-like settings, are often faced with specific challenges and vulnerabilities that must be taken into consideration when planning for readiness and response operations for
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the COVID-19 outbreak. They are frequently neglected, stigmatized, and may face difficulties in accessing health services that are otherwise available to the general population. In the context of this Interim Guidance, the people in humanitarian situations affected by this guidance may include internally displaced persons (IDPs), host communities, asylum seekers, refugees and returnees, and migrants when in similar situations. While further adaptations might be needed for some population groups, including those living in slums this interim guidance is issued to assist field staff to immediately respond to urgent needs.
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Au Burkina Faso, les personnes vivant avec le VIH (PvVIH) ont régulièrement recours à des substances naturelles pour traiter certaines infections opportunistes. C’est ainsi que le suc des feuilles fraîches de Mitracarpus scaber Zucc. ex Schult. & Schult. f. (Rubiaceae) et de Senna alata (L.) R
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oxb. (Fabaceae) sont utilisés comme antimycosiques. En ce qui concerne le zona et les poussées herpétiques, les feuilles fraîches de Phyllanthus amarus Schumach. & Thonn. (Euphorbiaceae), la sève de Mangifera indica L. (Anacardiaceae), le gel de Aloe buettneri Berger (Liliaceae) et la galle de Guiera senegalensis J.F. Gmel. (Combretaceae), sont les drogues végétales les plus utilisées. Des substances naturelles sont également recommandées par les tradipraticiens de santé pour la récupération immunologique et nutritionnelle, le traitement précoce de l’infection à VIH et la réduction des effets secondaires des traitements ARV (antirétroviral). Il s’agit respectivement pour les plus importantes d’entre elles, des feuilles de Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae), de la pulpe du fruit de Detarium microcarpum Guill. & Perr. (Fabaceae), de la spiruline et du pollen issu de la ruche.
Les substances naturelles pouvant avoir une interaction avec les traitements conventionnels et plus particulièrement avec les médicaments ARV, les plantes contenant des tanins catéchiques, des dérivés 1,8 hydroxyanthracéniques laxatifs et des molécules hépatotropes ou inductrices enzymatiques, sont classées à risque, et leur utilisation par les PvVIH est étroitement surveillée.
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The management of information and logistics is an essential component of health product systems. In a context of limited financial resources and morbidity and mortality sustained by persistent diseases, it is necessary to strengthen health systems through competent resources, especially human resour
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ces (HR), to ensure performance, sustainability and independence from external funding. In Burkina Faso, a strong and lasting partnership between the Ministry of Health and the Bioforce Institute has existed since 2005 to address this issue. This partnership has created a favorable environment for the professionalization of health logistics and for the recognition of its significant role in health system performance.
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Élément culturel important, les plantes ont été utilisées pendant des siècles par les populations pour se soigner. Cependant, peu d’ethnies connaissent leur pharmacopée de par le manque d’études ethnobotaniques. La présente étude, réalisée en pays San, entité territoriale traditionn
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elle (Nord-Ouest du Burkina Faso), répond à ce souci de documenter les plantes médicinales. À travers une série d’enquêtes ethnobotaniques, 75 tradithérapeutes Sananont été interviewés. Les informations recherchées ont porté sur la plante, son nom local, ses parties utilisées, les pratiques médicales et les vertus thérapeutiques afférentes. Les résultats ont montré que 94 espèces végétales sont utilisées pour combattre différentes pathologies. Les feuilles (31 %), les racines (25 %) et les écorces du tronc (23 %) sont les principales parties utilisées pour préparer les recettes. Seules ou en association, ces parties interviennent dans l’élaboration des recettes par des procédés utilisant principalement la décoction (58 %), la trituration (17 %) et la macération aqueuse (11 %). Soixante-cinq pour cent (65 %) des produits obtenus sont administrés par voie orale via la boisson et les applications externes représentent 35 %. Treize catégories d’utilisation ont été recensées. Cependant, les tradipraticiens de santé sont en désaccord sur les thérapies proposées pour traiter ces catégories. La diversité des thérapies recensées en pays San, est une richesse culturelle. Ces données de la pharmacopée san sont une base pour une étude approfondie des aptitudes sylvicoles des plantes victimes de déracinement et la création de pépinières communautaires, afin de disposer de réservoirs de plantes médicinales proches des villages.
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Burkina Faso has approximately 10.5 million inhabitants and is divided into 30 provinces. The study took place in the districts of Tougan, Nouna, and Solenzo, in provinces Sourou and Kossi, in north-west Burkina Faso. There is one medical centre in every district capital and 6 to 14 health centres i
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n the surrounding villages. Each health centre covers a population of 10 000 to 15 000. The staff of one health centre generally consists of one nurse, a nurse aid and a midwife as well as one drug vendor for the nearby village pharmacy. The health personnel are trained and paid by the state.
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L'objectif de la cartographie est d'obtenir une vision claire et précise des systèmes et politiques d'approvisionnement, de distribution et de financement des produits pharmaceutiques existants au Burkina Faso et de déterminer leur pertinence, leur cohérence et leurs forces et faiblesses en term
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es d’efficacité, d’efficience, de durabilité et d’impact à long terme au regard des normes et recommandations nationales, régionales et internationales relatives à la règlementation et aux bonnes pratiques pharmaceutiques et à l'efficacité de l'aide.
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Guide de formation à l’usage des paramédicaux
Le présent guide de formation sur la prise en charge globale des personnes vivant avec le VIH est désormais à la disposition des personnels paramédicaux, des écoles et structures de formation de ces personnels dans la région africaine franco
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phone. Il a été conçu par des experts africains et français rompus à la formation et engagés depuis de nombreuses années dans la lutte contre le VIH. Il a été testé, amendé et corrigé par un collège de paramédicaux. Il allie clarté, simplicité et intègre l’ensemble des standards internationaux en matière de prise en charge globale, tout en restant proche des réalités concrètes de l’exercice professionnel sur le terrain africain. Il constitue, j’en suis convaincu, un outil de grande qualité au service des professionnels de santé paramédicaux et devrait s’imposer rapidement comme un référentiel francophone incontournable pour la prise en charge globale des personnes vivant avec le VIH.
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The animal health subsector within the agriculture sector is the gatekeeper of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in livestock, aquaculture, animal products, and the immediate animal environment. In support of member countries taking responsibility for and moving forward with putting AMR monitoring and
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surveillance in place for the animal sector, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific (FAO-RAP) developed a regional AMR surveillance framework, each pillar of which is complemented by a guideline to reinforce its progressive implementation. The first of this series, Volume 1: Monitoring and surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in bacteria from healthy food animals intended for consumption, is centered on healthy animals reaching consumers and on the protection of public health.
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Molecular methods for antimicrobial resistance (AMR)diagnostics to enhance the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a natural phenomenon in which microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi and parasites adapt to antimicrobial agents and cause medications to be ineffective for its curing purpose. AMR is often the consequence of any use o
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f antimicrobial drugs, exacerbated by inappropriate use.
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Since the introduction of penicillin in the early twentieth century, antimicrobial treatments have been utilized not only in human medicine but also in veterinary care – initially to ward off diseases, prevent post-surgery infections, and treat sick farm animals.Global food production
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has intensified over the past 50 years due to economic expansion and popu-lation growth. The use of antimicrobials in agriculture – in livestock, fish farming, and even on crops – has grown as well. Antimicrobials are not only used as medicines, but are sometimes also added in low concentrations to animal feed as a way of stimulating growth.
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This policy brief identifies and explains the main reasons behind the rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) associated with improper use of antibiotics in the livestock sector. Focusing on the low- and middle- income country setting, this brief provides recommendations for a deliberated policy stra
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tegy aimed to prevent healthcare crisis that could happen as a result of AMR.
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User GuideThe toolkit is composed of three sections: Hospital and Health System Resources - includes a readiness assessment tool, the starting point in developing or enhancing a successful Antimicrobial Stewardship Program (ASP). The tool, a checklist developed by the CDC, should be shared with se
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nior management, a senior leader for quality, purchasing directors, clinic managers, nurse managers, key physician leaders, risk managers, pharmacy leaders, infection preventionists and hospital epidemiologists, laboratory staff and information technology staff. For ease of use, it is divided into two sections, one for those just beginning a program, the other for those who wish to enhance an existing program. Clinician Resources - includes webinars, clinical evidence supporting appropriate use of antibiotics, implementation guides and related articles.Patient Resources - includes frequently asked questions, pamphlets and handouts on how patients can best engage in their care and resources on appropriate use of antibiotics.
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The following checklist is a companion to Core Elements of Hospital Antibiotic Stewardship Programs. This checklist should be used to systematically assess key elements and actions to ensure optimal antibiotic prescribing and limit overuse and misuse of antibiotics in hospitals. CDC recommends that
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all hospitals implement an Antibiotic Stewardship Program.
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As a public good, antimicrobial medicines require rational use if their effectiveness is to be preserved. However, up to 50% of antibiotic use is inappropriate, adding considerable costs to patient care, and increasing morbidity and mortality. In addition, there is compelling evidence that antimicro
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bial resistance is driven by the volume of antimicrobial agents used. High rates of antimicrobial resistance to common treatments are currently reported all over the world, both in health care settings and in the community. For over two decades, the Region of the Americas has been a pioneer in confronting antimicrobial resistance from a public health perspective. However, those efforts need to be stepped up if we are to have an impact on antimicrobial resistance and want to quantify said impact.
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Accessed: 24.03.2020
How we respond both now and going forward will help mitigate the impact of COVID-19, and to the extent possible preserve children’s rights to Survive, Learn, and Be Protected. We will focus our efforts on the most critical work essential to maintaining these commitments to the extent possible.
In response to COVID-19, UNICEF continues to support the Ministry of Health and Sports’ Health Literacy Promotion Unit to translate and disseminate messages including in ethnic languages for the border areas on good hygiene and handwashing. Social media boosting and message dissemination reach app
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roximately 15 million people countrywide.
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Lancet Respir Med 2020Published OnlineMarch 20, 2020https://doi.org/10.1016/S2213-2600(20)30121-1
