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Mpox Testing Strategy - November 2024

Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2024) CC

Mpox is an emerging zoonotic disease caused by the mpox virus, a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus closely related to the variola virus that causes smallpox. Mpox was first discovered in 1958 when outbreaks of a pox-like disease occurred in monkeys kept for research. The first human case was recorde...d in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) during a period of intensified effort to eliminate smallpox and since then the infection has been reported in a number of African countries. Mpox can spread in humans through close contact, usually skin-to-skin contact, including sexual contact, with an infected person or animal, as well as with materials contaminated with the virus such as clothing, beddings and towels, and respiratory droplets in prolonged face to face contact. People remain infectious from the onset of symptoms until all the lesions have scabbed and healed. The virus may spread from infected animals through handling infected meat or through bites or scratches. Diagnosis is confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing of material from a lesion for the virus’s DNA. Two separate clades of the mpox virus are currently circulating in Africa: Clade I, which includes subclades Ia and Ib, and Clade II, comprising subclades IIa and IIb. Clade Ia and Clade Ib have been associated with ongoing human-to-human transmission and are presently responsible for outbreaks in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), while Clade Ib is also contributing to outbreaks in Burundi and other countries. In 2022‒2023 mpox caused a global outbreak in over 110 countries, most of which had no previous history of the disease, primarily driven by human-to-human transmission of clade II through sexual contact. In just over a year, over 90,000 cases and 150 deaths were reported to the WHO. For the second time since 2022, mpox has been declared a global health emergency as the virus spreads rapidly across the African continent. On 13 Aug 2024, Africa CDC declared the ongoing mpox outbreak a Public Health Emergency of Continental Security (PHECS), marking the first such declaration by the agency since its inception in 2017.7 This declaration empowered the Africa CDC to lead and coordinate responses to the mpox outbreak across affected African countries. On August 14, 2024, the WHO declared the resurgence of mpox a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) emphasizing the need for coordinated international response. As of August 2024, Mpox has expanded beyond its traditional endemic regions, with new cases reported in countries including Sweden, Thailand, the Philippines, and Pakistan. Sweden has confirmed its first case of Clade 1 variant, which has been rapidly spreading in Africa, particularly in DRC. The emergence of this new variant raises concerns about its potential for higher lethality and transmission rates outside Africa. more

Standards and recommendations for burns care in mass casualty incidents

World Health Organization WHO (2024) C_WHO

Caring for burns patients from the incident scene to definitive treatment can be a complex, resource-consuming process with the potential to overwhelm health system capacity.This document provides practical guidance for building capacity and capability for burns care from clinical, human resources a... more

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Clinic Supervisor Manual

Management Sciences for Health; USAID (2006) C1

This Clinic Supervisor’s Manual is helpful for focusing managers on the key elements of integrated primary health care as they simultaneously integrate new interventions for HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and malaria. This tool contains 12 sections. Section 1 explains how to use the manual. Section 2 hel... more

Hanyane. A Village Struggles For Eye Health
recommended

Erika Sutter, Allen Foster and Victoria Francis International Centre for Eye Health (2002) C1

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Lessons from Civil-Military Disaster Management and Humanitarian Response to Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda)

Harvard Humanitarian Intiative (2014)

n Autumn 2013, HHI Executive Director, Vincenzo Bollettino, traveled to the Philippines to participate in an assessment of civil-military engagement in the humanitarian response to Typhoon Haiyan. The report was sponsored by the Center for Excellence in Disaster Management and Humanitarian Assistanc... more

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Technical Guidelines For the Construction and Management of Rural Health Institution Latrines

MIWR - GONU, MWRI - GOSS; UNICEF (2009) CC

A Manual for Field Staff and Practitioners

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Recommandations provisoires de l’OMS pour la gestion aux points d’entrée d’un évènement lié au virus Ebola

Organisation Mondiale de la Santé OMS (2014)

Plan de Préparation et riposte à une eventuelle épidemie de maladie à virus Ebola au Burkina Faso

Ministère de la Santé Burkina Faso (2014)

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Operational Guidelines for Gender Equality and Social Inclusion Mainstreaming in the Health Sector

Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population ( MoHP) (2013)

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PAHO ACTIVITIES ON ZIKA PREVENTION AND CONTROL

Pan American Health Organization PAHO; World Health Organization, Regional Office for the Americas (2016) C_WHO

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Second National Tuberculosis Prevalence Survey

National Center for TB and Leprosy Control, Cambodia Ministry of Health (2012) C1

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Menstrual Hygiene Management -National Guidelines (India)

Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation -Government of India (2015) C1

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Genre et Sécurité - Orientations pour l’intégration du genre à la gestion des risques de sécurité

Persaud, C.; European Interagency Security Forum (EISF) (2014) C2

Genre et Sécurité : Orientations pour l’intégration du genre à la gestion des risques de sécurité propose aux ONG des lignes directrices complémentaires pour intégrer la dimension genre à la gestion des risques de sécurité, afin de combler un vide dans les publications existantes et d�... more

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Research Monograph of the Updated 2010-2016 Philippine Plan of Action to Control Tuberculosis

National TB Control Program, Department of Health (2014) C1

Manuel de sécurité biologique en laboratoire

Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) (2004) C_WHO

3e edition

Sierra Leone: National Infection Prevention and Control - Action Plan June 2016 - June 2019

Government of Sierra Leone, Ministry of Health and Sanitation (2015) C1

Gestion du stress chez les travailleurs humanitaires

Antares Foundation (2012) C1

3ieme edition Les lignes directrices sont organisées autour de huit principes clés correspondant au déroulement du contrat d'un membre du personnel. Le diagramme ci-joint représente visuellement les principes. Chaque principe est accompagné d'indicateurs, de commentaires et d'études de cas de... more

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Training of community health workers: Cervical cancer screening and management of cervical pre-cancers

Lakhbir Dhaliwal, Vanita Suri, Reshmi Bagga et al. World Health Organisation (WHO) (2017) C_WHO

Cervical cancer is the second most common cancer among women worldwide and causes a significant number of deaths in the South-East Asia Region. Nearly 200 000 new cases of cervical cancer occurred in SEA Region Member States in 2008, giving an incidence of almost 25 per 100... more

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Politique de l’OMS pour les activités conjointes de lutte contre la tuberculose et le VIH - Principes directeurs à l’intention des programmes nationaux et autres partenaires

D. Sculier; H. Getahun; K. Ciceri; et al. Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) (2012) C_WHO

Principes directeurs à l’intention des programmes nationaux et autres partenaires

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Kenya Country Operational Plan COP 2016 Strategic Direction Summary

The United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS relief (PEPFAR) (2016) C2

Hanyane. A Village Struggles For Eye Health recommended

Hanyane. A Village Struggles For Eye Health
recommended