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Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report Suppl. Vol.63/3
Several challenges face asthma management in Egypt, including the high percentage of uncontrolled patients, inadequate compliance, and overuse of short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs) leading to increased asthma-related
...
morbidity and mortality. In this regard, the recent Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) recommendations included inhaled corticosteroids containing therapy for mild asthma. Local healthcare systems and healthcare professionals (HCPs) often experience practical challenges when implementing global guidelines.
more
Progress Toward Global Eradication of Dracunculiasis
Hopkins, D.; Weiss, A.; Roy, S. et al.
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report MMWR; National Libary of Medicine
(2020)
CC
Dracunculiasis (Guinea worm disease), caused by the parasite Dracunculus medinensis, is traditionally acquired by drinking water containing copepods (water fleas) infected with D. medinensis larvae, but in recent years also appears increasingly to be transmitted by eating fish or other aquatic anima
...
ls. The worm typically emerges through the skin on a lower limb of the host 1 year after infection, causing pain and disability.
more
Community-based Reports of Co-Morbidity, Co-mortality, and Health-Seeking Behaviors in Four Monrovia Communities During the West African Ebola Epidemic
Sharon Abramowitz, Kristen McLean, Josephine Monger, Kodjo Tehoungue, Sarah McKune, Mosoka Fallah, Patricia Omidian
Ebola Anthropology Platform
(2015)
Poor sanitary conditions in disaster-stricken areas result in higher risk for diarrheal illness in vulnerable populations, especially children. This disease negatively impacts the nutritional status of affected children and cause
...
s significant morbidity and mortality. Early diagnosis and treatment are thus essential to reduce the impact of diarrheal diseases on people affected by disasters. Early identification of cases allows the implementation of measures needed to prevent or lessen outbreaks that can occur in displaced populations in this context. The use of primary care management tools, such as the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy is highly important.This module will first discuss diarrheal diseases and their management, and dehydration and its treatments.
more
Nosocomial infections, or hospital-acquired infec-tions (HAI), are among the most significant causesof morbidity and mortality in healthcare settin
...
gsthroughout the world.Prevention of HAIs iscentral to providing high quality and safe health-care, even in settings with limited resources.Transmission of infectious agents between patientsby health workers and irrational use of antibioticsare two important preventable factors involved inmany HAIs.
more
The management of information and logistics is an essential component of health product systems. In a context of limited financial resources and morbidity
...
and mortality sustained by persistent diseases, it is necessary to strengthen health systems through competent resources, especially human resources (HR), to ensure performance, sustainability and independence from external funding. In Burkina Faso, a strong and lasting partnership between the Ministry of Health and the Bioforce Institute has existed since 2005 to address this issue. This partnership has created a favorable environment for the professionalization of health logistics and for the recognition of its significant role in health system performance.
more
Co-trimoxazole is a fixed-dose combination of two antimicrobial drugs (sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim) that covers a variety of bacterial, fungal and protozoan infections. Co-trimoxazole preventi
...
ve therapy is a feasible, well tolerated and inexpensive intervention for people living with HIV to reduce HIV-related morbidity and mortality. Further, co-trimoxazole is an off-patent drug and widely available in resource-limited settings.
more
Over the past decade, the reduction of maternal mortality in Latin America and the Caribbean has shown signs of a marked slowdown and in some cases
...
a reversal, jeopardizing commitments made at the global and regional levels and by the Member States themselves, including those established in the Sustainable Development Goals.
more
Cryptococcal disease, particularly cryptococcal meningitis is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among people living with HIV with adva
...
nced HIV disease. It is estimated that it is responsible for nearly 19% of AIDS-related mortality, second only to tuberculosis. Rapid screening, diagnosis and linking to appropriate treatment are critical actions national programs must take to reduce the burden of disease.
WHO in 2022 introduced updated guidelines for diagnosing, preventing, and managing cryptococcal disease among adults, adolescents and children living with HIV. This policy brief provides a summary of the key recommendations, clinical considerations, and also stresses the importance of ensuring access to life-saving antifungals. There is an urgent need for countries to scale-up management for not just cryptococcal meningitis, but address cryptococcal disease in the context of a package of care for advanced HIV disease as recommended by WHO.
more
Background: Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) cause a considerable burden of morbidity
and
...
mortality in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). Access to safe, effective, quality-assured, and
affordable essential medicines is variable. We aimed to review the existing literature relating to the availability, cost,
and affordability of WHO’s essential medicines for asthma and COPD in LMICs.
more
Lancet Glob Health 2019 Published Online January 24, 2019 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(18)30479-0
The health-care system collapse underway in Venezuela is a cause of utmost concern for its people and, increasingly, for the wider region
...
. Declines in provision of basic services, such as childhood immunisation, malaria control, water, sanitation, and nutritional support, have led to increasing morbidity and mortality rates from an array of preventable diseases, including malaria, measles, and diphtheria. Secondary and tertiary care have also been greatly affected, due to declining investment, out-migration of providers, and spiralling hyperinflation that has driven the country and its people into poverty.1 As is so often, and so tragically, the case, the most affected populations have been the most vulnerable: infants and children, their mothers, the poor (now the great majority of the populations), and indigenous people
more
Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) October 4, 2019 / 68(39);851–854
A printable copy of the article published in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) can be found on the CDC Homepage. Follow the Download Lin
...
k for redirection to CDC.
more
This short brief describes the main findings and the key lessons learned from the research project "Evaluation of the impact of alcohol control policies on morbidity
...
and mortality in Lithuania and other Baltic states", funded by the United States National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism for the period 2000–2025. The WHO-backed project aims to assess the effects of alcohol control policies implemented in Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania and to investigate the impact they have had on both people's health and the countries' economies, based on concrete actions taken. The key findings of the project demonstrate that alcohol control policies such as taxation and availability measures decrease all-cause mortality and reduce inequalities, and that dismantling alcohol control policies has the opposite effect on population health. They also highlight that consumption of unrecorded alcohol will not necessarily go up if taxation is increased and that specific countermeasures can be taken to prevent an increase in unrecorded consumption.
more
Maternal and Neonatal health update: by the Nepal government, Health and population ministry, Health protection unit, Family health department, created in 2010 (English) 2067 (Nepali). Compiled toge
...
ther by: UNICEF, WHO, UNFPA, NHSSP, Nepal medical college hospital and other government health departments.
This is a training directory and reference guideline, very useful for physicians, students and for training purposes of medical staff. Majority of the content is for medical personnel. It gives detailed descriptions regarding procedures and how to perform them, and also regarding the statistics in Nepal, prevalence rates, morbidity and mortality rates.
Contents:
1) Nepal health status
2) Post Partum Hemorrhage (PPH)
3) Partograph
4) Hypertension during pregnancy
5) Status of Neonatal Health
6) Neonatal Resuscitation
more
The article "Non-communicable diseases, injuries, and mental ill-health in Africa: the role of the Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention" examines the role of the Africa CDC in addressin
...
g non-communicable diseases (NCDs), injuries, and mental health across the continent. It highlights how Africa CDC, originally focused on communicable disease response, has expanded its mandate to include NCDs and mental health, driven by the high mortality and morbidity associated with these conditions.
more
Benin’s National Malaria Strategy calls for eliminating
malaria as a public health threat by 2030. ARM3 was
developed to measurably and significantly speed up
progress toward that goal.
The ongoing Ebola epidemic in parts of West Africa largely overwhelmed health-care systems in 2014, making adequate care for malaria impossible and threatening the gains in malaria control achieved over the past decade. The study suggests that untre
...
ated malaria cases as a result of reduced health-care capacity probably contributed substantially to the morbidity caused by the Ebola crisis. Mass drug administration can be an effective means to mitigate this burden and reduce the number of non-Ebola fever cases within health systems
Open Access through Wellcome Trust
more
Demographic and epidemiological transitions are changing the age structure of the population and the most common diseases. Non-communicable respiratory diseases are an increasing problem at both end
...
s of the age range in low-income and middle-income countries. In children, who represent a large proportion of the total population, the increasing problem of asthma is a strain on health services. Improved survival of the older population is increasing the proportion of morbidity and mortality attributable to chronic lung diseases. Health services in low-resource countries are poorly adapted to treating chronic diseases. Designed to respond episodically to acute disease, almost all historical investment has focused on infectious diseases. Crucial to the successful management of chronic diseases is an infrastructure designed to support pro-active management, providing not only an accurate diagnosis, but also a secure supply of cost effective drugs at an affordable price. The absence of such an infrastructure in many countries and the market failure that makes drugs generally more expensive in low-resource regions means that many people with chronic non-communicable lung diseases are not given effective treatment. This has damaging economic consequences. The common causes of poor lung health in lowincome countries are not the same as those in richer countries, and there is a need to study why they are so common and how best to manage them.
more
