Search database
Filter
4017
Text search: brief
Featured
Language
Document type
2184
648
505
216
169
113
110
29
21
10
5
5
1
1
Countries
176
151
91
75
73
67
66
63
61
56
55
52
49
49
49
47
46
45
44
43
42
40
38
36
35
27
25
25
25
24
24
24
23
23
23
22
22
21
21
20
19
17
17
17
14
13
12
11
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
9
9
9
9
8
8
7
7
7
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Authors & Publishers
519
215
189
133
121
110
109
78
73
63
44
26
26
24
23
20
20
20
20
20
19
19
17
16
16
15
15
15
14
14
13
13
13
12
12
12
12
11
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
9
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
6
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
Publication Years
Category
1249
241
241
237
222
134
35
4
4
Toolboxes
488
487
393
150
146
140
125
114
110
97
82
80
72
67
53
43
42
33
28
25
22
14
10
3
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Alleviating the Burden of Responsibility: Men as Providers of Community-Based HIV/AIDS Care and Support in Lesotho

Newman C Capacity Project (2009) C2
Capacity Project Gender Research Brief | In Lesotho, as in many other countries, the HIV and AIDS care burden falls on the shoulders of women and girls in unpaid, invisible household and community work. This gender inequity in HRH needs to be addres ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Triple Jeopardy: Violence against women with disabilities in Cambodia

Australian AID (2013) C2
RESEARCH POLICY BRIEF
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Adolescent Pregnancy in Zambia

Population Council, UNFPA, and Government of the Republic of Zambia (2017) C1
A policy brief highlighting key factors associated with adolescent pregnancy. Adolescent pregnancy undermines girls’ human rights and reduces opportunities to realize their full potential.
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Child Marriage in Zambia

Population Council, UNFPA, and Government of the Republic of Zambia (2017) C1
A policy brief on child marriage in Zambia. Child marriage is a human rights violation, and endangers young people' personal development and well-being; thus reducing opportunities to realize their full potential. Protecting girls from child marriag ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

WASH Climate Resilient Development: Appraising and prioritising options for climate resilient WASH

United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Global Water Partnership (GWP) (2017)
This Technical Brief focuses on appraising and prioritising options for climate resilience with a view to informing water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) programme and project design.
This Technical B ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Preventing HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among women and girls using contraceptive services in contexts with high HIV

UNAIDS; WHO; hrp (2020) C_WHO
This programmatic brief explores how to expand HIV and STI prevention and contraceptive method options in contraceptive services and, thus, to reduce HIV and STI incidence among adolescent girls and women. It focuses on settings with extremely high ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Climate-smart agriculture, fisheries and livestock for food security

The Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation; Myanmar Climate Change Alliance (MCCA) (2017) C1
Policy Guidance Brief 1
• Climate change has already challenged the agriculture sector in Myanmar by afecting rice yields and livestock production, while disasters such as foods and cyclones have caused massive destruction in rural areas.
... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Managing climate risks for people’s health and well-being

The Republic of the Union of Myanmar, Ministry of Natural Resources and Environmental Conservation; Myanmar Climate Change Alliance (MCCA) (2017) C1
Policy Guidance Brief 2
• The potential health risks from climate change include: increase of waterborne and vector-borne diseases, heat-related illnesses, injuries and deaths, food insecurity and increased malnutrition. The poor, women, chil ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Venezuelan Survival Migration as a Development Opportunity

Betts, A. Oxford Research Group (2019) C1
Research in Brief. The international community’s predominant response to the Venezuelan migration crisis remains focused on humanitarian relief. This is important, for two populations: a) the over 50,000 ‘pendular’ migrants who go back and fo ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

War on drugs for peace in Afghanistan: Lessons from South America

South Asia Democratic Forum (2018) C2
SADF POLICY BRIEF 31 October 2018 Issue n° 8 ISSN: 2406-5625
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Hand Hygiene and COVID-19
recommended

Geffert, K.; and S. Mauder MEDBOX (2020) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief No.2. The main route of transmission of the Sars-CoV-2 virus are small respiratory droplets. Therefore, thoroughly cleaning of hands with either alcohol-based hand rub or soap and water is one of the corner stones of basic protec ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Краткое руководство по туберкулезу для работников первичной медикосанитарной помощи

Ниша Ахамед, Елена Юрасова, Ричард Залексис World Health Organization, National Tuberculosis Center (2004) C_WHO
Руководство для медицинского персонала Brief tuberculosis manual for primary health care workers
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Update of recommendations on first- and second-line antiretroviral regimens

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2019) C_WHO
July 2019 Policy brief HIV Treatment
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Good governance for prison health in 21st century

World Health Organization (Europe); UNODC (United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime) (2013) C_WHO
A policy brief on the organization of prison health
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Prevention and Treatment of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections for sex workers in low- and middle-income countries

World Health Organization; UNFPA; UNAIDS; etc al.d (2012) C_WHO
HIV/AIDS Programme Policy Brief
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Networking and coalition building for health advocacy - Advancing country ownership

K. West Slevin; C. Green USAID; PEPFAR; Health Policy Project (2013) C2
April 2013 Policy Brief
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

WHO recommends assistance for people with HIV to notify their partners

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2016) C_WHO
HIV testing services Policy Brief December 2016
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

HIV self-testing at the workplace

World Health Organization (WHO); ILO International Labour Organization World Health Organization (WHO); ILO International Labour Organization (2018) C_WHO
HIV testing services Policy Brief November 2018 WHO/CDS/HIV/18.48
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

WHO recommendations to assure HIV testing quality

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2015) C_WHO
HIV testing Policy Brief July 2015
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

WHO recommendations HIV testing by lay providers

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2015) C_WHO
HIV testing Policy Brief July 2015
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Voluntary medical male circumcision for HIV prevention in 14 priority countries in eastern and southern Africa

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2017) C_WHO
WHO Progress Brief Progress Brief July 2017
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Key Highlights on the progress of voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) for HIV Prevention

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO
WHO PROGRESS BRIEF
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Transition to new antiretrovirals in HIV programmes

World Health Organization (2017) C_WHO
HIV Treatment Policy Brief July 2017
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Antimicrobial Use in Livestock in Low-Income Countries

Swedish International Agricultural Network Initiative SIANI (2016) C2
This policy brief identifies and explains the main reasons behind the rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) associated with improper use of antibiotics in the livestock sector. Focusing on the low- and middle- income country setting, this ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

Masks and Covid-19
recommended

MEDBOX (2020) CC
MEDOBOX Issue Brief No.1
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Antibiotic resistance: using a cultural contexts of health approach to address a global health challenge

Ledingham, K. World Health Organization Europe (2020) C_WHO
This policy brief has been developed in response to the contemporary challenge of antibiotic resistance (‎ABR)‎. ABR poses a formidable threat to global health and sustainable development. It is now increasingly recognized that the systematic ne ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

Information and criteria for prioritizing diagnostic tests for SARS-CoV-2 in order to address the procurement needs of health systems

OPS (2020) C_WHO
This document provides brief information answering common questions regarding COVID-19 diagnostic tests and how to prioritize them to the patients most in need.
 Add to my MEDBOX

Risk Communication & Community Engagement: Practical Tips on Engaging Adolescents and Youth in the COVID-19 Response

reliefweb; Unicef (2020) C_UNICEF
The purpose of this brief is to provide practical tips for UNICEF country offices, partners and young people themselves on engaging adolescents and youth as part of the COVID-19 preparedness and response. As a first step, we recommend engaging with ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Emerging Practices: Mental health and psychosocial support in refugee operations during the COVID-19 pandemic
recommended

UN High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR (2020) C1
This document presents a brief overview of how UNHCR adapts its activities for mental health and psychosocial support (MHPSS) to the changing context of the pandemic. Staff of UNHCR and partners, in country offices in all regions of the world, have ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Migranten und Geflüchtete & Covid-19 in Deutschland
recommended

Rupp, N.; K. Geffert und S. Mauder MEDBOX (2020) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief no.3
 Add to my MEDBOX

Refugees, Internally Displaced Persons, Migrants & COVID-19
recommended

Rupp, N.; K. Geffert und S. Mauder MEDBOX (2020) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief No. 4
 Add to my MEDBOX

Covid-19 RCCE Strategies for Cross-Border Movement in Eastern and Southern Africa

Social Science in Humanitarian Action (2020) CC
Key Considerations This brief focuses on cross-border movement in Eastern and Southern Africa (ESA) and its implications for development of risk communication and community engagement (RCCE) strategies aimed at preventing transmission of COVID-19 i ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Mental Health & COVID-19
recommended

Geffert,K., N. Rupp und S. Mauder MEDBOX (2020) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief. No.5
 Add to my MEDBOX

Key Resources Humanitarian Aid
recommended

Mauder, S. MEDBOX (2020) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief no. 6 This issue brief gives you an overview of the most important documents on humanitarian aid and the WASH sector in MEDBOX
 Add to my MEDBOX

Impfung & COVID-19
recommended

Mauder, S., K. Geffert MEDBOX (2021) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief no. 7, Dec. 2020 Die Impfung gegen die Ausbreitung des SARS-CoV-2-Virus stellt einen Meilenstein in der Bekämpfung der Pandemie dar. Für den Erfolg der Impfung unabdingbar ist eine gute Kommunikation und Aufklärung der Bevölk ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

Fair global distribution of COVID-19 vaccines
recommended

Reijer, P.; and S. Mauder (2021) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief no.9 ,1 Febr. 2021
 Add to my MEDBOX

COVID-19 and political stability in Ethiopia

Yusuf S. Institute for security Studies (2020) C1
This policy brief examines the implications of COVID-19 and the government’s preventative measure for political stability,9 especially in the short to medium term. It argues that in the short term the disease and the preventative measures could ma ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Psychological toll of COVID-19 among healthcare provider— based on information as at 5 February 2021

World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Africa (2021) C_WHO
Rapid Policy Brief
 Add to my MEDBOX

Vaccine hesitancy
recommended

Mauder, S.; and P. Reijer MEDBOX (2021) CC
April 19,2021 MEDBOX Issue Brief no.12
 Add to my MEDBOX

COVID-19 and mandatory vaccination: Ethical considerations and caveats

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO
13 April 2021 Policy Brief
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

SARS-CoV-2 bei Migrant*innen und geflüchteten Menschen

Kompetenznetz Public Health COVID-19 (2021) CC
Der Policy Brief des Kompetenznetz Public Health COVID-19 befasst sich mit der empirischen Evidenz zu SARS-Cov-2 bei Migrant*innen und geflüchteten Menschen und leitet hieraus Handlungsempfehlungen ab. Eine Kernbotschaft des Papiers ist, dass das R ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

COVID-19 Rumors and misinformation

USAID (2020) CC
A Technical Brief for Breakthrough ACTION Field Teams
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Using social media to disseminate COVID-19 Information

USAID (2020) CC
A Technical Brief for Breakthrough ACTION Field Teams Social media can be used to collect and address rumors or popular beliefs among target audiences, share evidence-based and timely health information, receive instant feedback on materials, condu ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

Earthquake Haiti: Guidelines and Resources
recommended

Mauder, S. MEDBOX (2021) CC
25 August 2021. The earthquake on August 14, 2021 was almost as strong as the severe quake in 2010, which killed about 300,000 people. The current number of victims is more than 2,200 people, and more than 12,000 people have been injured. More than 52,000 houses were destroyed and more than 77,000 ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

Pharmacies and Drug Shops: Expanding contraceptive choice and access in the private sector

Dwyer, S.C.; et al. HIP Family Planning High Impact Practices (2021) CC
this Service Delivery brief provides evidence-based strategies that can help support drug shops and pharmacies in providing a wider variety of family planning methods and information. Evidence shows that with training and support, pharmacy and drug ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Women Cancer
recommended

Henke, A.; and S. Mauder The MEDBOX Team (2021) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief No.17, 21 November 2021 Women's cancers have a significant impact on women's health worldwide. According to the World Health Organisation, nearly three million women are diagnosed with breast or cervical cancer every year. In th ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

COVID-19 Scientific and Public Health Policy Update – (6 July 2022)

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2022) C1
This bi-weekly brief details the latest developments in scientific knowledge and public health policy from around the world as well as updates to the COVID-19-related guidance from Africa CDC, WHO and other public health agencies.
 Add to my MEDBOX

HIV & COVID-19

Reijer, P.; and S. Mauder (2021) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief no.18. The MEDBOX team has compiled a new issue brief on the impact of COVID-19 on PLHIV HIV prevention programmes and treatment for this year's World AIDS Day on 1 December 202 ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Die elektronische Gesundheitskarte für Asylsuchende - Zusammenfassung der wissenschaftlichen Evidenz

A. W. Gold; Weis, J.; Janho, L; et al. Uni Heidelberg (2021) CC
Dieser Policy Brief fasst den bis Juni 2021 verfügbaren Wissensstand zu Auswirkungen der Einführung der elektronischen Gesundheitskarte (eGK) für Asylsuchende zusammen. Es werden empirische Erkentnisse zu den Auswirkungen auf die Inanspruchnahm ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

Burkina Faso national action plan on antimicrobial resistance: review of progress in the human health sector

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO
This policy brief aims to provide a review of the current progress on implementing the Burkina Faso national action plan on AMR, identifies critical gaps, and highlights findings to accelerate further progress in the human health sector. The target ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Tuberculosis (TB)
recommended

Reijer, P.; and S. Mauder (2022) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief no. 19: World TB Day: Invest to end TB. Save Lives
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

NCDs and climate change: Shared opportunities for action

NCD Alliance (2016) CC
The policy brief focuses on four key areas for intervention - air pollution, energy, transport and food systems. Air pollution causes 7 million deaths annually, and is a leading cause of both NCDs and climate change, thus all interventions to reduce ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Long-Run Impacts of the Conflict in Ukraine on Food Security in Africa

Balma, L.; et al. (2022) CC
Kiel Policy Brief, Ukraine Special 1, March 2022.Many African countries heavily rely on imports of agricultural commodities and agricultural inputs from Ukraine and Russia, for example wheat, other grains, and fertilizer. Russia’s invasion of Ukra ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Epidemiological and Economic Impact of COVID-19 Vaccine Rollout Scenarios in Africa

African Union; Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (2022) CC
This policy brief draws from the latest evidence on the impact of vaccination program start date and vaccine rollout rates on health benefits. The objective is to support policymakers on decisions to procure COVID-19 vaccines and roll out vaccinatio ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

Caregiver Part 1: Key Resources
recommended

Henninger, B.; and S. Mauder The MEDBOX Team (2022) CC
May 17,2022 MEDBOX Issue Brief no.21
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Monkeypox

Mauder, S. MEDBOX (2022) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief no.22, updated August 9, 2022
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Climate Change & Heat and Impact on Health
recommended

Liebau, L.; and S. Mauder (2022) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief no.23. The intent of this Issue Brief is to raise awareness about heat waves as a result of climate change and its impact on health. More information on the topic of climate cha ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Differentiated and simplified pre-exposure prophylaxis for HIV prevention: update to WHO implementation guidance

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO
This technical brief aims to support these trends, accelerated by the COVID-19 pandemic, and improve PrEP uptake, persistence, and effective use by providing implementation guidance for differentiated and simplified service delivery. The ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Imaging ultrasound before 24 weeks of pregnancy: 2022 update to the WHO antenatal care recommendations for a positive pregnancy experience

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO
This technical brief describes the re-affirmed WHO recommendation on ultrasound examination in the context of routine antenatal care and outlines policy and programme implications for translating this recommendation into action at the country level. ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Cholera Arabic/English Information
recommended

Ahmed, H.; S. Mauder The MEDBOX Team (2022) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief, 25
 Add to my MEDBOX

Malawi national action plan on antimicrobial resistance: review of progress in the human health sector

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO
This policy brief aims to provide a review of the current progress on implementing the Malawi national action plan on AMR, identifies critical gaps, and highlights findings to accelerate further progress in the human health sector. The target audien ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Cholera English Information
recommended

Mauder, S. The MEDBOX Team (2022) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief 26. Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal infection caused by eating or drinking food or water that is contaminated with the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. Cholera remains a global threat to public health and is an indicator of inequity and ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

Choléra - informations en français et creole
recommended

Deininger, K. The MEDBOX Team (2022) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief 27: ces derniers temps, un nombre dramatique de cas de choléra a été enregistré dans le monde entier. Selon l'Organisation mondiale de la santé, 29 pays ont déjà signalé la présence de choléra cette année (2022). La Sy ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

Kenya national action plan on antimicrobial resistance: review of progress in the human health sector

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO
This policy brief aims to provide a review of the current progress on implementing the Kenya national action plan on AMR, identifies critical gaps, and highlights findings to accelerate further progress in the human health sector. The target audienc ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Working for Health 2022-2030 Action Plan: protection and performance

World Health Organization WHO (2023) C_WHO
This thematic brief accompanies the Working for Health 2022–2030 Action Plan, serving as a rationale to the related actions of the Working for Health progression model (see Annex). The brief aims ... more
 External Link
 Add to my MEDBOX

Working for Health 2022-2030 Action Plan: planning and financing

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO
This thematic brief accompanies the Working for Health 2022–2030 Action Plan, providing a rationale for the related actions of the Working for Health progression model (see Annex). This brief ai ... more
 External Link
 Add to my MEDBOX

Working for Health 2022-2030 Action Plan: education and employment

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO
This thematic brief accompanies the Working for Health 2022–2030 Action Plan, serving as a background and rationale to the related actions of the Working for Health progression model (see Annex). The br ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Mali national action plan on antimicrobial resistance: review of progress in the human health sector

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO
This policy brief aims to provide a review of the current progress on implementing the Mali national action plan on AMR, identifies critical gaps, and highlights findings to accelerate further progress in the human health sector. The target audience ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

How school systems can improve health and well-being: topic briefs: nutrition

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO
This topic brief highlights how nutrition and healthy diets support the achievement of education and learning objectives, and explains how intervention benefits can be amplified with a whole-school and systems approach. The recommended actions are i ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

How school systems can improve health and well-being: topic briefs: nutrition

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO
This topic brief highlights how nutrition and healthy diets support the achievement of education and learning objectives, and explains how intervention benefits can be amplified with a whole-school and systems approach. The recommended actions are i ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

The role of HIV viral suppression in improving individual health and reducing transmission

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2023) C_WHO
This policy brief describes key HIV viral load thresholds and the available viral load testing approaches for monitoring how well antiretroviral therapy is working for people living with HIV. It provides clarification for and elaborates upon the cur ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Natural Disasters

Berger N., The MEDBOX Team (2023) CC
Daily news report natural catastrophies more and more frequently. The reports include earthquakes, floods, volcanos, famines and droughts. The number of fatalities from natural disasters can vary grately from year to year. Looking at the average over the last ten years, about 45,000 people died each ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

NTDs Part 1: Buruli Ulcer, Chagas, Leishmaniasis

MEDBOX Team (2024) CC
MEDBOX Issue Brief no.35: The first issue brief on the NTD Toolbox contains general strategies, roadmaps, key treatment guidelines, reports, and training material on Buruli ulcer, Chagas, and Leishm ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

Our Right to Health, Our Right to Clean Air - Improving air quality to address NCDs

NCD Alliance; Forum of International Respiratory Societies (2019) CC
This policy brief explores the impact of air pollution on health and address the air quality issue in the response to noncommunicable diseases (NCDs). It also provides key actions that policy makers, NGOs and health professionals can take to ensure ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

Lessons from the Baltic Alcohol Control Policy Project: policies that contribute to decreasing burden of mortality and disease

World Health Organisation (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2023) C_WHO
This short brief describes the main findings and the key lessons learned from the research project "Evaluation of the impact of alcohol control policies on morbidity and mortality in Lithuania and other Baltic states", funded by the United States Na ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

WHO expands recommendation on oral pre-exposure prophylaxis of HIV infection (PrEP)

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2015) C_WHO
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) Policy Brief November 2015
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

COVID-19 natural immunity

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO
10 May 2021 This scientific brief replaces the WHO Scientific Brief entitled “’Immunity passports’ in the context of COVID-19”, published 24 April 2020. This update is focused on what is c ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

Testen & COVID-19

Seitz, W.; and S. Mauder MEDBOX (2021) CC
04.März 2021 MEDBOX Issue Brief no. 10 Dieser Issue Brief gibt einen kurzen Überblick über Teststrategie, Testverfahren, Videos zur Handhabung und weiterführende Literatur.
 External Link
 Add to my MEDBOX

An Introduction to Health Promotion and the Ottawa charter

Let's Learn Public Health (2017) CC
In this video we take a brief look at Health Promotion, the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health. Health promotion is a very important part of public health and an essential component in any public health ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Cross-Border Female Genital Mutilation in East Africa

UNFPA ESARO UNFPA; UNICEF (2022) CC
In East Africa, the trend in cross-border FGM puts at risk the progress achieved in eliminating the practice. The only way we can reach zero FGM by 2030 is by concerted and immediate action to address all aspects of FGM. This policy brief highlight ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

NCD Alliance Advocacy Priorities - For the 2023 United Nations High-Level Meeting on Universal Health Coverage

NCD Alliance NCD Alliance (2023) CC2
The document is a policy brief by the NCD Alliance for the 2023 United Nations High-Level Meeting on Universal Health Coverage (UHC). It highlights the importance of integrating non-communicable diseases (NCDs) into UHC efforts, with the goal of ens ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

The effects of COVID-19 on persons living with hypertension

World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Africa (2021) C_WHO
based on information as at 28 February 2021 Rapid Policy Brief Series Series 14: COVID-19 and hypertension
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Students' Toolkit: Social accountability in medical schools

The International Federation of Medical Students’ Associations (IFMSA); Training for Health Equity Network (THEnet) (2017) C2
This toolkit aims to provide you with a brief introduction of what SA and its core principles are, and how you as a student can apply several of the existing tools for your own school to really make a difference. French, Spanish and Ara ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

HIV Interventions for Young People in Humanitarian Emergencies

Unicef; UNFPA; UNAIDS; World Health Organization; et al. (2019)
Inter-Agency Task Team on HIV and Young People Guidance Brief Accessed: 09.11.2019
 External Link
 Add to my MEDBOX

Newborn Care Videos, Spanish
recommended

Global Health Media Project (2022) CC
The first clinical series is on newborn care and will consist of brief vignettes that “bring to life” internationally accepted newborn care guidelines.
 External Link
 Add to my MEDBOX

Newborn Care Videos for health Workers Swahili

Global Health Media Project (2020) CC
The first clinical series is on newborn care and will consist of brief vignettes that “bring to life” internationally accepted newborn care guidelines Available in different languages
 External Link
 Add to my MEDBOX

Newborn Care Videos, French

Global Health Media Project (2014) CC
The first clinical series is on newborn care and will consist of brief vignettes that “bring to life” internationally accepted newborn care guidelines.
 External Link
 Add to my MEDBOX

Newborn Care Videos, Nepali

Global Health Media Project (2014) CC
The first clinical series is on newborn care and will consist of brief vignettes that “bring to life” internationally accepted newborn care guidelines.
 Add to my MEDBOX

Readiness for influenza during the COVID-19 pandemic

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
5 Nov. 2020 The policy brief provides a concise summary of information and considerations to ensure optimal management of influenza during the COVID-19 pandemic. It includes a list of technical guidance and other resources to assist policy makers w ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Les effets de la COVID-19 sur les personnes atteintes d’hypertension

Organisation Mondiale de la Santé, Bureau régional de l'OMS pour l'Afrique (2021) C_WHO
Sur la base des informations disponibles au 28 février 2021 Rapid Policy Brief Series Series 14: COVID-19 and hypertension
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Efeitos da COVID-19 em pessoas com hipertensão

World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Africa (2021) C_WHO
— com base na informação disponível a 28 de Fevereiro de 2021 Rapid Policy Brief Series Series 14: COVID-19 and hypertension
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Fortalecendo a vigilância para a Variante de Preocupação (VOC) Ômicron (B.1.1.529): Informe técnico e ações prioritárias para estados-membros Sede da Organização Mundial da Saúde

Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) OPAS (2022) C_WHO
Strengthening surveillance for Variant of Concern (VOC) Omicron (B.1.1.529): technical brief and priority actions for member states World Health Organization Headquarters, 28 November 2021
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Family Planning Job Aids for Low Resource Settings

Inter-agency Working Group on Reproductive Health in Crisis (2014)
A catalogue of family planning job aids for low resource settings, which includes a brief description and key messages as well as pros and cons for each job aid. Accessed June 2014.
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Reaching people with MDR-TB

UNITAID; WHO; Stop TB Partnership; FIND (2014) C_WHO
Progress in diagnosis: Akey in overcoming the MDR-TB crisis. The expanse-TV project progress and impact brief.
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Assist - The Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test (ASSIST)

R. Humeniuk, S. Henry-Edwards, R. Ali; et al. World Health Organization WHO (2010) C_WHO
Manual for use in primary care. There is substantial evidence for the benefits of screening and brief intervention in primary health care for alcohol problems. However, there is a need for screening and ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

They Reopen Schools? Trends and emerging good practices to support the most vulnerable children

Nugroho; D.; C. Pasquini; N. Reuge and D. Amaro UNICEF (2020) C_UNICEF
Using data from two surveys and 164 countries, this research brief describes the educational strategies countries are putting into place, or plan to, in order to mitigate learning impacts of extended school closures, particularly for the most vulner ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Addressing stigma and discrimination in the COVID-19 response

UNAIDS (2020) C_WHO
Applying the evidence of what works from HIV-related stigma and discrimination in six settings to the COVID-19 response This brief provide evidence-informed guidance to countries on the intersection of stigma related to HIV and COVID-19 in national ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

Abordando estigma e discriminação na resposta à COVID-19

UNAIDS (2020) C_WHO
Applying the evidence of what works from HIV-related stigma and discrimination in six settings to the COVID-19 response This brief provide evidence-informed guidance to countries on the intersection of stigma related to HIV and COVID-19 in national ... more
 Add to my MEDBOX

Improving the lives of people with epilepsy

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO
Download (7.4 MB) Overview Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders globally. The WHO epilepsy technical brief aims to strengthen action for epilepsy and complements the Intersectoral global action plan on epilepsy and other neuro ... more
 Download
  View PDF
 Add to my MEDBOX

The Use of Poo Bags for Safe Excreta Disposal in Emergency Settings

Oxfam (2010)
Safe excreta disposal is a top priority in an emergency, but one that takes time and extensive resources to implement. This Technical Briefing Note examines the use of poo bags for safe excreta containment and disposal in urban emergency settings. The Brie ... more