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1
On this website you can download videos, posters and information on basic protective measures against the new coronavirus COVID-19
The management of information and logistics is an essential component of health product systems. In a context of limited financial resources and morbidity and mortality sustained by persistent diseases, it is necessary to strengthen
...
health systems through competent resources, especially human resources (HR), to ensure performance, sustainability and independence from external funding. In Burkina Faso, a strong and lasting partnership between the Ministry of Health and the Bioforce Institute has existed since 2005 to address this issue. This partnership has created a favorable environment for the professionalization of health logistics and for the recognition of its significant role in health system performance.
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Health in All Policies: A Guide for State and Local Governments was created by the Public Health Institute, the California Department of
...
Public Health, and the American Public Health Association in response to growing interest in using collaborative approaches to improve population health by embedding health considerations into decision-making processes across a broad array of sectors. The Guide draws heavily on the experiences of the California Health in All Policies Task Force and incorporates information from the published and gray literature and interviews with people across the country.
The guide was developed through funding from the American Public Health Association and The California Endowment.
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This 400 page guide, created by PHI’s Center for Climate Change and Health and the American Public Health Association (APHA), with support from t
...
he California Department of Public Health helps local health departments prepare for and mitigate climate change effects—from drought and heat to flooding and food security—with concrete, implementable suggestions.
The guide: Provides a basic summary of climate change and climate impacts on health; Prioritizes health equity, explains the disproportionate impacts of climate change on vulnerable communities, and targets solutions first to the communities where they are most needed, including low-income, elderly and people of color communities; Connects what we know about climate impacts and climate solutions with the work of local health departments; and Offers specific examples of how local health departments can address and ameliorate the impacts of climate change in every area of public health practice.
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Learn how Fellows from the PHI/CDC Global Health Fellowship Program are working to improve health, in the US and around the world. Fellows work on the front lines of global
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health, developing the technical and professional skills needed to make meaningful contributions to today’s global health challenges
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Here you can download infographics and posters
Ethiopia: DHS, 2019 - Mini Final Report (English)
The advice on this page provides information for individuals and families on ways to prevent illness and stay healthy, based on WHO recommendations.
Lessons learned from an M&E task-shifting initiative in Botswana
In this paper, we review the most significant health and environmental facts and explain why — from a medical perspective — a proper understanding of what nuclear weapons will do invalidates all arguments for continued possession of t
...
hese weapons and requires that they urgently be prohibited and eliminated as the only course of action commensurate with the existential danger they pose.
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Nutrition training of health and agriculture workers can help to reduce child undernutrition. Specifically, trained health extension workers cancontribute through frequent nutrition counselling of c
...
aregivers. Evidence from systematic reviews has showed that providing nutrition training targeting health workers can improve feeding frequency, energy intake, and dietary diversity of children aged six months to two years. Scaling up of nutrition training for health and agriculture workers presents a potential entry point to improve nutrition status among childrenFood insecurity and nutrition deficiency are a common phenomenon in Ethiopia.
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In this paper we aim to provide information on the importance of efficiency measurement of health care facilities in developing countries. We state that efficiency measurement can be a substantial contribution to saving lives. Therefore we analyse t
...
he performance of health centres in rural Burkina Faso making use of data which were taken from a comprehensive long-term cost information system. In the subsequent parts of this article, the study site is described and the DEA method outlined. The ensuing analysis of the data is carried out in two stages. Firstly, quantitative aspects concerning relative efficiency are presented. Secondly, the measures of performance are explained. The implications of the results are then discussed.
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CHWs demonstrated social commitment and purpose in the short term observed. The evaluation of the training of CHWs revealed that most demonstrated the necessary skills for referrals to prevent complications, caring for newborns and their mothers at home immediately after discharge from
...
health care centers. CHW upskilling training on maternal-newborn services should be prioritized in the most affected areas.
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Carlos Chagas discovered American trypanosomiasis, also named Chagas disease (CD) in his honor, just over a century ago. He described the clinical aspects of the disease, characterized by its etiological agent (Trypanosoma cruzi) and identified its insect vector. Initially, CD occurred only in Latin
...
America and was considered a silent and poorly visible disease. More recently, CD became a neglected worldwide disease with a high morbimortality rate and substantial social impact, emerging as a significant public health threat. In this context, it is crucial to better understand better the epidemiological scenarios of CD and its transmission dynamics, involving people infected and at risk of infection, diversity of the parasite, vector species, and T. cruzi reservoirs. Although efforts have been made by endemic and non-endemic countries to control, treat, and interrupt disease transmission, the cure or complete eradication of CD are still topics of great concern and require global attention. Considering the current scenario of CD, also affecting non-endemic places such as Canada, USA, Europe, Australia, and Japan, in this review we aim to describe the spread of CD cases worldwide since its discovery until it has become a global public health concern.
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Front. Public Health, 02 July 2019 Sec. Infectious Diseases: Epidemiology and Prevention
Volume 7 - 2019 | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2019.00166
Chagas disease (CD) is an anthropozoonosis cause
...
d by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, that affects about 6–8 million people worldwide (1) and causes approximately 50,000 deaths per year. Another 65–100 million people are living in areas at risk for infection worldwide (2–4). Even though over a century has passed since its discovery, CD remains one of the leading public health problems for most Latin American countries
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Past quantitative research on health financing has focused mostly on the level and distribution of total expenditure, with little emphasis on the specific role of public funds, despite their known i
...
mportance for universal health coverage (UHC). Health Accounts data do not disaggregate public expenditure on health by source of funding. Achieving a better understanding of public financing for health in the context of the macro-fiscal and health financing environment is of fundamental importance to the development of future health financing policy, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).
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People with disabilities experience significant health inequalities. In Malawi, where most individuals live in low-income rural settings, many of these inequalities are exacerbated by restricted access to
...
health care services. This qualitative study explores the barriers to health care access experienced by individuals with a mobility or sensory impairment, or both, living in rural villages in Dowa district, central Malawi. In addition, the impact of a chronic lung condition, alongside a mobility or sensory impairment, on health care accessibility is explored.
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WHO commissioned a survey, carried out in September/October 2015, among some 10 000 members of the public in 12 countries (2 per WHO Region: Barbados, China, Egypt, India, Indonesia, Mexico, Nigeria, the Russian Federation, Serbia, South Africa, Sud
...
an and Viet Nam) on their use of antibiotics, knowledge of antibiotics and of antibiotic resistance. While not claiming to be exhaustive, this and other surveys will help WHO and partners to ensure efforts are focused on tackling some of the biggest gaps in understanding and the most prevalent misconceptions
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Adolescent HIV Care and Treatment: A Training Curriculum for Health Workers - Participant Manual
T. Colton; V. Allread; E. Abrams; et al.
ICAP Columbia University (Mailman School of Public Health)
(2012)
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Transforming Health: Accelerating attainment of Health Goals | THE SECOND MEDIUM TERM PLAN FOR HEALTH
Climate risks have significant effects on public health including: injury, death, communicable diseases such as vector-borne and water-borne diseases, and non-communicable impacts such as malnut
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rition, heat stress and health effects of air pollution.
more
WHO Prequalification of In Vitro Diagnostics Programme - Public Report (Product: MP Diagnostics HIV Blot 2.2, Number: PQDx 0198-071-00)
World Health Organization
(2016)
C_WHO
PQDx 0198-071-00
WHO PQDx PR
April/2016, version 2.0
WHO Prequalification of In Vitro Diagnostics - Public Report (Product: GeeniusTM HIV 1/2 Confirmatory Assay with GeeniusTM HIV 1/2 Confirmatory Controls, WHO reference number: PQDx 0181-031-00)
World Health Organization
(2017)
C_WHO
PQDx 0181-031-00
WHO PQ Public Report
March/2017, version 3.0
Adolescent HIV Care and Treatment: A Training Curriculum for Health Workers - Trainer Manual (Introduction Section 1-3)
T. Colton; V. Allread; E. Abrams; et al.
ICAP Columbia University (Mailman School of Public Health)
(2012)
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Trainer Manual Introduction (Section 1-3)
In this video we take a brief look at Health Promotion, the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health. Health
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promotion is a very important part of public health and an essential component in any public health program. We’ll also have a look at some key concepts and the Ottawa Charter – a landmark document that has been influential in providing guidance to the goals and concepts of health promotion.
more
This video is a 4-minute summary of the Determinants of Health! Determinants are factors that can influence a person’s health. While the focus of health
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interventions has typically been, who people are and what they do, the conditions in which they are born, grow, live, work and age are critically important in determining the health of individuals and communities.
more
WHO Prequalification of Diagnostics Programme - Public Report (Product: Alere DetermineTM HIV-1/2, Number: PQDx 0033-013-00)
World Health Organization
(2016)
C_WHO
PQDx 0033-013-00 WHO
PQ Public Report
July/2016, version 5.0
WHO Prequalification of In Vitro Diagnostics Programme - Public Report (Product: AlereTM HIV/Syphilis Duo, Number: PQDx 0179-012-00)
World Health Organization
(2017)
C_WHO
PQDx 0179-012-00 WHO
PQDx Public Report
June/2017, version 4.0
WHO Prequalification of In Vitro Diagnostics Programme - Public Report (Product: Murex HIV Ag/Ab Combination, Number: PQDx 0144-043-00)
World Health Organization
(2016)
C_WHO
PQDx 0144-043-00 WHO
PQDx Public Report
November/2016, version 4.0
WHO Prequalification of Diagnostics Programme - Public report (Product:BDFACSCountTM InstrumentSystemwithFACSCountTM ControlKitandBD FACSCountTM CD4ReagentKit(AbsoluteandPercentageCD4+Counts) )
World Health Organization
(2016)
C_WHO
Product:BDFACSCountTM InstrumentSystemwithFACSCountTM ControlKitandBD FACSCountTM CD4ReagentKit(AbsoluteandPercentageCD4+Counts)
Number: PQDx 0133-045-00
0133-045-00 WHO
PQDx PR
June/2016, version 2.0
WHO Prequalification of Diagnostics Programme -Public Report (Product: BD FACSPrestoTM Near-Patient CD4 Counter System, PQ number: PQDx 0197-045-00)
World Health Organization
(2016)
C_WHO
PQDx 0197-045-00 WHO
PQDx PR
March /2016, version 2.0
WHO Prequalification of In Vitro Diagnostics Programme - Public Report (Product: SD BIOLINE HIV-1/2 3.0, Number: PQDx 0027-012-00)
World Health Organization
(2017)
C_WHO
PQDx 0027-012-00 WHO
PQDx Public Report
May/2017, version 4.0
WHO Prequalification of In Vitro Diagnostics Programme - Public Report (Product: Bioelisa HIV 1+2 Ag/Ab, Number: PQDx 0183‐060‐00)
World Health Organization
(2016)
C_WHO
PQDx 0183‐060‐00 WHO
PQ Public Report
October/2016, version 5.0
WHO Prequalification of Diagnostics Programme - Public Report (Product: ABONtm HIV 1/2/O Tri-Line Human Immunodeficiency Virus Rapid Test Device, Number: PQDx 0141-051-00)
World Health Organization
(2017)
C_WHO
PQDx 0141-051-00 WHO
PQDx Public Report
April/2017, version 5.0
WHO Prequalification of In Vitro Diagnostics Programme - Public Report (Product: AiDtm anti-HIV 1+2 ELISA, Number: PQDx 0006-005-00)
World Health Organization
(2016)
C_WHO
PQDx 0006-005-00 WHO
PQDx PR
February/2016, version 2.0
WHO Prequalification of In Vitro Diagnostics - Public Report (Product: DPP® HIV 1/2 Assay, WHO reference number: PQDx 0053-006-00)
World Health Organization
(2016)
C_WHO
PQDx 0053-006-00 WHO
PQ Public Report
June/2016, version 2.0
WHO Prequalification of In Vitro Diagnostics Programme - Public Report (Product: First Response® HIV 1-2-0 Card Test, Number: PQDx 0018-010-00)
World Health Organization
(2016)
C_WHO
PQDx 0018-010-00 WHO
PQDx PR
July/2016, version 3.0
WHO Prequalification of In Vitro Diagnostics Programme - Public Report (Product: Enzygnost HIV Integral 4, WHO reference number: PQDx 0214-064-00
World Health Organization
(2016)
C_WHO
PQDx 0214-064-00
WHO PQDx PR
April/2016, version 3.0
WHO Prequalification of Diagnostics Programme - Public Report (Product: Rapid Test for Antibody to Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) (Colloidal Gold Device), Number: PQDx 0005-005-00)
World Health Organization
(2016)
C_WHO
PQDx 0005-005-00
WHO PQDx PR
May/2016, version 3.0
WHO Prequalification of In Vitro Diagnostics - Public Report (Product: OraQuick HIV 1/2 Rapid Antibody Test, WHO reference number: PQDx 0159-055-00)
World Health Organization
(2017)
C_WHO
PQDx 0159-055-00
WHO PQ Public Report
February/2017, version 5.0
WHO’s standard recommendations for the general public to reduce exposure to and transmission of a range of illnesses are as follows, which include hand and respiratory hygiene, and safe food practices. You can download a range of posters directly
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at the website
more
File No.C.13015/03/2020-PG
No. C.13015/03/2020- PG
Nirman Bhawan, New Delhi Dated the 31st March, 2020
Available in different languages
Infographic
Emergency Preparedness for the Health Sector: Challenges and Way Forward. Expert Consultation.
Preparedness is nowadays defined as an integrated set of long term multi-sectoral activities. One key objective is to contribute to the achievement of an
...
increasing level of readiness within the MOH and the communities to mitigate, to cope with, to respond to and to recover from any emergency situation
more
Volunteer community health workers (CHWs) are a major strategy for increasing access to and coverage of basic health interventions. Our village health
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worker training course reviews the process of training and continuing education of CHWs as an important component of involving communities in their own health service delivery. Participants will be guided through the steps of planning training and continuing education activities for village volunteers.
more
This guidance document provides basic broad principles for a spokesperson
of any health authority on how to respond to vocal vaccine deniers.
The suggestions are based on psychological research on persuasion,
on research in
...
public health, communication studies and on WHO risk
communication guidelines.
more
Neonatal mortality is a major challenge in reducing child mortality rates in Nepal. Despite efforts by the Government of Nepal, data from the last three demographic and health surveys show a rise in the contribution of neonatal deaths to infant and
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child mortality. The Government of Nepal has implemented community-based programs that were piloted and then scaled up based on lessons learned. These programs include, but are not limited to ensuring safe motherhood, birth preparedness package, community-based newborn care package, and integrated management of childhood illnesses. Despite the implementation of such programs on a larger scale, their effective coverage is yet to be achieved. Health system challenges included an inadequate policy environment, funding gaps, inadequate procurement, and insufficient supplies of commodities, while human resource management has been found to be impeding service delivery. Such bottlenecks at policy, institutional and service delivery level need to be addressed incorporating health information in decision-making as well as working in partnership with communities to facilitate the utilization of available services.
more
A nationwide survey of a representative sample of health facilities across public health services in all states and regions of Myanmar has been und
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ertaken since 2014 to track Reproductive Health Commodity Security (RHCS) indicators, such as the availability of reproductive health (RH) commodities; the supply chain (including cold chain systems); staff training and supervision; availability of guidelines and protocols; information and communication technologies; methods of waste disposal; and user fees. The surveys have also obtained the views of clients about the quality and cost of services through exit interviews. This is the third report for Myanmar, which is an assessment of the situation in 2016.
more
Review
published: 12 August 2016 doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2016.00166
Frontiers in Public Health | www.frontiersin.org 1 August 2016 | Volume 4 | Article 166
In Control. A Practical Handbook for Professionals Working in Health Emergencies Internationally
recommended
In Control imparts knowledge, provokes reflection and triggers curiosity. The first half of the book provides an overview of the organisations, principles, frameworks and themes that every professional deploying to health emergencies should be aware
...
of. The second half of the book provides practical advice to help professionals survive and thrive during their mission – from staying healthy, protecting oneself from cyber-attacks and coping with stress to building trust among the host community or dealing with language barriers and the press.
This handbook is free of charge and can be made available in small quantities as long as supply lasts. To order, please send this form to: incontrol-handbook@rki.de
more
The Social Determinants of Health are the conditions in which people are born, grow, live and age. They have a large influence on our health. It also determines
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health inequities, which is the unfair and avoidable health difference between different groups of people In this video we take a look at the social determinants of health..what they are, how it impacts health and a useful framework to understand it.
more
This guidance document provides basic principles for a spokesperson of any health authority on how to respond to vocal vaccine deniers. The suggestions are based on psychological research on persuasion, on research in
...
public health, communication studies and on WHO risk communication guidelines.
more
Accessed 7 July 2015
Accessed 6 March 2019.
Updated: 23.03.2020
The purpose of this document is to give correct evidence based information to general public on use of mask.
COVID-19: Guidelines on disinfection of common public places including offices
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India
(2020)
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Accessed: 16.04.2020
Albania - Demographic and Health Survey
Institute of Statistics Institute of Public Health; Schweizerische Eidgenossenschaft; UNFPA; UN Women; Unicef; et al.
(2018)
C2
2017-2018
Republic of Albania
This resource is the third in a series of online guides for promoting positive mental health across the lifespan. This resource provides health and social service providers (“practitioners”) wit
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h current evidence-based approaches in the application of mental health promotion concepts and principles for refugees. It is intended to support practitioners, caregivers and others in incorporating best practice approaches to mental health promotion initiatives or programs directed toward refugees.
more
2018
Vol.5 No.2:73
DOI: 10.21767/2254-9137.100092
Health Systems and Policy Research ISSN 2254-9137
The report is based on comprehensive information collected at representative sample health facilities all over the country by well-organized and trained teams during May and August 2015. This is a continuation of 2014 Assessment activities and findi
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ngs also reflect comparison between two consecutive years.
more
Promoting the Health of Men who Have Sex with men Worldwide
M. Sundararaj; R. Zahn; K. Mason; et al.
MSMGF; John Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health
(2014)
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A Training Curriculum for Providers
Assessing the Impact of Workforce Nutrition Programmes on Nutrition, Health and Business Outcomes: A Review of the Global Evidence and Future Research Agenda
Dhillon, C.N.; Ortenzi, F.
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
(2023)
CC
One in three people globally suffers from at least one form of malnutrition, leading to poor health outcomes and low productivity in the workplace. The workplace offers an important, relatively unexploited opportunity to address malnutrition in all
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its forms. This narrative literature review aims to understand the impact of workforce nutrition programmes on nutrition, health, and business outcomes, based on high-strength-of-evidence studies. We used PubMed as our primary research database, complemented by Google Scholar, to identify systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and randomised controlled trials published between January 2010 and October 2021. In total, 26 records were included. We found that comprehensive workforce nutrition programmes, including a variety of intervention areas, and/or programmes targeting high-risk categories of workers (overweight/obese or (pre-)diabetic) were more likely to be effective on nutrition, health, and business outcomes. Within comprehensive and targeted programmes, individualised counselling and worksite environmental modifications were often mentioned as the most effective components. However, a high degree of heterogeneity in outcome measures and programme designs made it difficult to draw strong conclusions on the impact of workforce nutrition interventions. Limited evidence was found on business outcomes, longer-term effects of interventions, and programme implementation in LMICs. Therefore, further research is needed to address these evidence gaps.
more
Evidence from two pilot projects in India.
A cross-sectional descriptive study design covering all states and regions was undertaken to:
1) To assess availability, utilization and supply chain management system for RH commodities at different levels of health facilities,
2) To ass ... ess quality of RH services with emphasis on family planning in terms of training, supervision, use of guidelines and ICT, and
3) To determine clients’ accessibility to RH services provided at different level of facilities. more
1) To assess availability, utilization and supply chain management system for RH commodities at different levels of health facilities,
2) To ass ... ess quality of RH services with emphasis on family planning in terms of training, supervision, use of guidelines and ICT, and
3) To determine clients’ accessibility to RH services provided at different level of facilities. more
The strategic Plan on Reproductive Health builds on a initiatives undertaken to serve the health needs of the population of Myanmar.
Information for Humanitarian Aid Healthcare Workers: Ebola Virus Disease
Public Health England
(2014)
Anyone planning to conduct humanitarian work in areas of Africa where outbreaks of Ebola virus disease are known to occur needs to be familiar with how Ebola virus is transmitted.
This leaflet recommends the precautions that humanitarian workers should take and provides advice on what to do if you
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suspect an infection
more
These documents explain the NHS bowel cancer screening programme (BCSP) and set out details for commissioning and providing the service.
All documents are available in several languages, from screening to management.
Public Health Fact Sheet
Involving the Community in Responding to TB/HIV: Outcomes of Community-Led Monitoring and Advocacy
Accessed November 2017
Tackling Tuberculosis in Under-Served Populations: A Resource for TB Control Boards and their partners
Information for families affected
Int Health. 2012 December 1; 4(4): 253–259. doi:10.1016/j.inhe.2012.07.001
ECDC launched the HEPSA (Health Emergency Preparedness Self-Assessment) tool, in order to support countries in improving their level of public health
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emergency preparedness. The tool is worksheet-based and is targeted at professionals in public health organisations responsible for emergency planning and event management. It consists of seven domains that define the process of public health emergency preparedness and response: 1) Pre-event preparations and governance; 2) Resources: Trained workforce; 3) Support capacity: Surveillance; 4) Support capacity: Risk assessment; 5) Event response management; 6) Post-event review; 7) Implementation of lessons learned.
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This report aims to raise awareness about the role that the reform of public health laws can play in advancing the right to health and in creating
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the conditions for people to live healthy lives. By encouraging a better understanding of how public health law can be used to improve the health of the population, the report aims to encourage and assist governments to reform their public health laws in order to advance the right to health.
The report highlights important issues that may arise during the process of public health law reform. It provides guidance about issues and requirements to be addressed during the process of developing public health laws. It also includes case studies and examples of legislation from a variety of countries to illustrate effective law reform practices and some features of effective public health legislation. more
The report highlights important issues that may arise during the process of public health law reform. It provides guidance about issues and requirements to be addressed during the process of developing public health laws. It also includes case studies and examples of legislation from a variety of countries to illustrate effective law reform practices and some features of effective public health legislation. more
Barriers to Access: Medication-Assisted Treatment and Injection-Driven HIV Epidemics
Open Society Institute - Public Health Program; International Harm Reduction Development Program (IHRD)
(2019)
C2
Public Health Factsheet
Accessed: 29.09.2019
Osoianu and Halacu BMC Infectious Diseases 2014, 14(Suppl 4):P8 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/14/S4/P8
From The 7th Romanian National HIV/AIDS Congress and The 2nd Central European HIV Forum Sibiu, Romania. 29-31 May 2014
Public Health is the science field dedicated to promoting health and well-being, and preventing disease within the human population to ultimately i
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ncrease the quality of our livelihood and life span. Public Health does not focus on individual patients or diseases, but rather a given population and health system. The discipline is community-centered in its interventions and seeks to improve the health status of whole populations...
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Updated 19 March 2020
The infectious disease burden in India is among the highest in the world. A large amount of antibiot-ics are consumed in fighting infections, some of them saving lives, but every use adding to antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Antibiotic use is increasing steadily (table 1), particularly
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certain antibiotic classes (beta-lactam antibacterials), most notably in the more prosperous states. Resistance follows in lock-step.
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Official Website with information in Ukrainian and English
Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD), mainly heart attack and stroke, is the
leading cause of premature mortality in low and middle income countries (LMICs).
Identifying and managing individuals at high risk of CVD is an important strategy to prevent and control CVD, in addition to multisector
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al population-based interventions to reduce CVD risk factors in the entire population.
Methods: We describe key public health considerations in identifying and managing individuals at high risk of CVD in LMICs.
Results: A main objective of any strategy to identify individuals at high CVD risk is to maximize the number of CVD events averted while minimizing the numbers of
individuals needing treatment. Scores estimating the total risk of CVD (e.g. ten-year risk of fatal and non-fatal CVD) are available for LMICs, and are based on the main CVD risk factors (history of CVD, age, sex, tobacco use, blood pressure, blood cholesterol and diabetes status). Opportunistic screening of CVD risk factors enables identification of persons with high CVD risk, but this strategy can be widely applied in low resource settings only if cost effective interventions are used (e.g. the WHO Package of Essential NCD interventions for primary health care in low resource settings package) and if treatment (generally for years) can be sustained, including continued availability ofaffordable medications and funding mechanisms that allow people to purchase medications without impoverishing them (e.g. universal access to health care). Thisalso emphasises the need to re-orient health systems in LMICs towards chronic diseases management.
Conclusion: The large burden of CVD in LMICs and the fact that persons with high
CVD can be identified and managed along cost-effective interventions mean that
health systems need to be structured in a way that encourages patient registration, opportunistic screening of CVD risk factors, efficient procedures for the management of chronic conditions (e.g. task sharing) and provision of affordable treatment for those with high CVD risk. The focus needs to be in primary care because that is where most of the population can access health care and because CVD programmes can be run effectively at this level.
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Public health emergencies, including pandemics, highlight the need for health systems and services that are prepared, resilient and ready to respon
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d to health security threats. Endorsed by Member States in 2023, the Asia Pacific Health Security Action Framework (APHSAF) is designed to engage multisectoral actors in health security, and to reflect the complex nature of current and future public health emergencies. The Framework presents six interconnected, multisectoral domains of work that together form a comprehensive, multi-hazard health security system — emphasizing the One Health approach. The Framework also supports progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals and universal health coverage while meeting the responsibilities and obligations of the International Health Regulations (2005).
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