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Influencing food environments for healthy diets

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2016) C2

Food environments are usually defined as the settings with all the different types of food made available and accessible to people as they go about their daily lives. That is, the range of food in supermarkets, small retail outlets, wet markets, street food stalls, coffee shops, tea houses, s...chool canteens, restaurants, and all the other venues where people buy and eat food. These environments differ enormously depending on the context. They can be extensive and diverse, with a seemingly endless array of options and price ranges, or they can be sparse, with very few options on offer. Because they determine what food consumers can access at a given moment in time, at what price, and with what degree of convenience, food environments both constrain and prompt the consumer’s choice.Food environments are influenced by the food systems which supply them, and vice versa. Food systems encompass the entire range of activities, people and institutions involved in the production, processing, marketing, consumption and disposal of food (FAO, 2013). They include but are not limited to food supply chains. Making food systems nutrition-sensitive can contribute to addressing all forms of malnutrition, as food systems determine whether the food needed for good nutrition are available, affordable, acceptable and of adequate quantity and quality. How closely food systems and food environments are interrelated and interdependent, and the degree to which external factors affect nutrition outcomes, varies from setting to setting.Many of today’s food systems and food environments are challenged in supporting consumer choices that are consistent with healthy diets and good nutrition. Consumers are not making choices based on nutrition and health, and poor diet is now the number one risk factor for death and disability worldwide (GBD, 2015). Food systems that do not enable healthy diets are increasingly recognized as an underlying cause of malnutrition (GLOPAN, 2016), and malnutrition, irrespective of form, has a huge cost. Economic costs associated with undernutrition are estimated at $1-2 trillion per year, about 2-3% of global GDP (FAO, 2013); the global economic cost of obesity and associated diet-related non-communicable diseases is estimated at $2 trillion per year, about 2.8% of global GDP (McKinsey, 2014). Influencing food environments for promoting healthy diets is an emerging strategy to address today’s nutrition challenges. more

Unequal, unprepared, under threat -World AIDS Day Report, 1 Dec 2021

UNAIDS (2021) C_WHO

Why bold action against inequalities is needed to en AIDS, stop COVID-19 and prepare for future pandemics

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UNAIDS data-2021

UNAIDS (2021) C_CDC

Global and Regional Data 1 December 2021; The 90–90–90 targets were missed, but not by much. At the end of 2020, 84% of people living with HIV knew their HIV status, 87% of people living with HIV who knew their HIV status were accessing antiretroviral therapy, and 90% of people on treatment were... more

Maintaining essential health services during COVID-19: Select stories of resilience and innovations from 11 states (‎April-July 2020)‎

World Health Organization WHO India WHO (2021) C_WHO

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Community Engagement through Women’s Self-Help Groups: Leveraging mobile technology for capacity building during COVID-19 lockdown in India

Lok Swasthya SEWA Trust and World Health Organization WHO India (2021) C_WHO

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Global progress report on WASH in health care facilities: Fundamentals first

World Health Organization WHO; UNICEF (2021) C_WHO

The report identifies major global gaps in WASH services: one third of health care facilities do not have what is needed to clean hands where care is provided; one in four facilities have no water services, and 10% have no sanitation services. This means that 1.8 billion people use facilities that l... more

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Use of COVID-19 evidence in humanitarian settings: the need for dynamic guidance adapted to changing humanitarian crisis contexts

Odlum, A.; R. James; A. Mahieu; et al. Conflict and Health (2021) CC

For humanitarian organisations to respond effectively to complex crises, they require access to up-to-date evidence-based guidance. The COVID-19 crisis has highlighted the importance of updating global guidance to context-specific and evolving needs in humanitarian settings. Our study aimed to under... more

Practical Epidemiology

Vaughan, P.; C. Victora and M. Chowdury. (2021) C1

Using Epidemiology to Support Primary Health Care. Updated version of the WHO handbook published in the early 1990's entitled: Manual of Epidemiology for District Health Management or those with an interest in applied epidemiology in primary health care and district health systems

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Comparability of COVID-19 Epidemiological Data: A case study of six countries

iMMAP (2020) CC

MILESTONES in the HIV epidemic among children and adolescents

UN Children's Fund UNICEF (2021) C_UNICEF

Milestones in the treatment, care and support, Dec 2021

National palliative care training curriculum for HIV&AIDS, Cancer and other life threatening illnesses

Ministry of Health, Kenya (2013) CC

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Ghana National Community Health Worker Training Manual. Module I: Community Health Basics

Ministry of Health, Ghana; World Vision (2013) CC

The operational setup of intensive care units in a low income country in East Africa

Okech, U.K.; et al. (2015) CC

AJOL, Vol.92 No.2; There is a low bed capacity in ICUs compounded by a universal deficit in human resource capacity and support infrastructure for the critical care services. Regionalisation, increased funding and more training opportunities for critical are services by the regional and central go... more

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Health Promotion Glossary of Terms 2021

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

This version of the glossary is substantially changed from the original. Some terms have been omitted, many have been modified in light of practical experiences and the evolution in concepts, and new terms have been added. The list of terms is not intended to be either exhaustive or exclusive, and d... more

Clinical Practice Guidelines for Quality Palliative Care

National Consensus Project for Quality of Palliative Care (2018) CC

4th edition

External Link

Palliative Care Toolkits and Training Manual
recommended

Worldwide Hospice Palliative Care Alliance (2014) CC

This toolkit has been written to empower health workers in resource-poor settings to integrate palliative care into the work they are doing by grafting the missing elements of care onto what is already in place. The WHPCA, Hospice UK and Palliative Care Works have led this updating of the Palliative... more

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Story of change in four countries Building capacity for integrating mental health care within health services across humanitarian settings

World Health Organization WHO; mGAP (2021) C_WHO

The world is facing an unprecedented range of emergencies. In reaction to these complex adversities, many people experience considerable distress and impairment, and a minority may even go on to develop mental health conditions. Meanwhile, those with pre-existing mental health conditions may experie... more

Optimizing community health worker programmes for HIV services: a guide for health policy and system support.

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

This document synthesizes key elements of the World Health Organization (WHO) normative guidance on health policy and system support for community health worker (CHW) programmes and their application for HIV programmes. Building on relevant elements of HIV guidelines, tools and evidence identified b... more

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Caring for women subjected to violence: a WHO curriculum for training health-care providers, revised edition 2021

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

WHO is launching a “Revised edition, 2021” for the Caring for women subjected to violence: A WHO training curriculum for health-care providers today. The revised edition includes 4 new modules three of which are for health managers to assess and strengthen health facility readiness and one modul... more

National Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision Strategy 2014/15-1018/19

Ministry of Health, Kenya (2018) CC

Palliative Care Toolkits and Training Manual recommended

Palliative Care Toolkits and Training Manual
recommended