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Guidelines for the Prevention and Contaiment of of Antimicrobial Resistance in South African Hospitals
recommended
These guidelines form part of efforts to institutionalize the prevention and containment of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in healthcare facilities in South Africa, as outlined in the Antimicrobial Resistance Strategic Framework and Implementation Plan. The focus of these guidelines is on two interr
...
elated aspects of prevention of healthcare associated infections (HAIs) and their spread; and the application of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) practices at hospital level. They aim to serve as a practical, step-by-step or ‘how-to’ guide, addressing the infection prevention and AMS components of a robust response in a hospital. They draw on
evidence from various international guidance documents and standards for interventions that have been shown to be successful in infection
prevention and AMS programmes. These interventions have been customised to the South African hospital setting based on local
experiences in the public and private health sectors. This was done through a series of workshops and requests for comment involving
country-level experts.
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Ukrainian decentralization reform has increased and democratized local government responsibility for health care at the level of local government closest to communities and has increased regional and local government responsibility for public health. Decentralization affects health system reform in
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three important areas: health financing, individual health services and public health.
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This report reviews and analyses the Affordable Medicines Programme, which was introduced in Ukraine in April 2017 to provide patients with improved access to 23 outpatient medicines for the treatment of chronic noncommunicable diseases. The evaluation combines both quantitative and qualitative anal
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ysis. The findings confirm that the Programme has contributed to a significant increase in access to needed outpatient medicines in Ukraine. Further, while implementation was successful overall, uptake across regions was uneven. The report concludes by listing a number of policy options to support the sustainability and expansion of the Affordable Medicines Programme.
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The Lancet Volume 397, ISSUE 10269, P129-170, January 09, 2021
9 March 2022, Timely and accurate diagnostic testing for SARS-CoV-2 is an essential part of a comprehensive COVID-19 response strategy. Ag-RDTs can be performed by individuals in which they collect their own specimen, perform a simple rapid test and interpret their test result themselves at a time a
...
nd place of their choosing, termed COVID-19 self-testing. This interim guidance provides a new recommendation that COVID-19 self-testing, using SARS-CoV-2 Ag-RDTs, should be offered as part of SARS-CoV-2 testing services. It also includes implementation considerations that can guide decisions on whether, and how, to adopt self-testing in different contexts, including the populations being prioritized; the disease prevalence in that population; and the impact on accessibility of testing, health care services and result reporting.
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Research Report
The threats posed by climate change to agriculture are now well known. Climate change has already resulted in a negative trend in mean crop yield per decade, and this is likely to continue as the century unfolds. In Africa, 650 million people are currently dependent on rain- fed agriculture and, des
...
pite progress in the Millennium Development Goals, food and nutrition insecurity remainunacceptably high.
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March 2022. This report on good practices to combat AMR focuses on activities across human, animal, and environmental health in European countries. The report provides a description of practices, how they were implemented, achievements, and why the practice was unique.
Working towards better COVID-19 outcomes in the WHO European Region.From the first COVID-19 cases in Europe reported on
24 January 2020, the pandemic reached 1 million cases
within 3 months, 10 million cases within 8 months, and
100 million cases in Europe alone within 2 years. Over
the course o
...
f its two years, COVID-19 has claimed over
1.6 million lives across Europe and Central Asia. The
World Health Organization (WHO) European Region has
accounted for close to a third of the cumulative global
COVID-19 cases and deaths.
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Within an Australian context, the medium to long-term health impacts of climate change are likely to be wide, varied and amplify many existing disorders and health inequities. How the health system responds to these challenges will be best considered in the context of existing health facilities and
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services. This paper provides a snapshot of the understanding that Australian health planners have of the potential health impacts of climate change.
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Health in All Policies (HiAP) is not a new concept. While the term “HiAP” has received much attention since the 1990s, the concept
of working across sectors of government for improved population health and wellbeing is much older than that. Over the last few decades the term has been applied t
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o multiple health topics and challenges – whetherimplicitly or explicitly.
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Les Normes de l’ICM pour la formation des sages-femmes (2021) sont un pilier essentiel sur lequel
s’appuie l’ICM pour renforcer la pratique sage-femme dans le monde en préconisant des programmes
de formation de qualité qui préparent les sages-femmes qui répondent à la définition d’un
...
e sage-femme
de l’ICM. Les Normes de l’ICM pour la formation des sages-femmes se basent sur les documents
essentiels et les énoncés de position fondateurs de l’ICM (voir Annexe 1). Il est important de noter que
les Normes spécifient que les Compétences essentielles pour la pratique du métier de sage-femme
(2019) sont la base du programme d’études des sages-femmes.
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Le résumé d’orientation du Rapport de situation de l’OMS sur la santé bucco-dentaire dans le monde passe en revue les données les plus récentes sur les principales maladies bucco-dentaires, les facteurs de risque, ainsi que les défis à relever et les possibilités de réforme du système
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de santé. Le rapport établit comme constat clair que la situation de la santé bucco-dentaire dans le monde est alarmante et nécessite une action urgente. Le rapport servira de référence aux décideurs et permettra d’orienter un large éventail de parties prenantes dans différents secteurs en vue de guider les efforts de sensibilisation en faveur d’une meilleure définition des priorités en matière de santé bucco-dentaire dans les contextes mondiaux, régionaux et nationaux. En outre, le rapport fournit, par le biais d’une ressource en ligne distincte, les tout premiers profils de la santé bucco-dentaire des pays pour l’ensemble des 194 États Membres de l’OMS, donnant un aperçu unique des domaines et des marqueurs clés de la santé bucco-dentaire qui sont pertinents pour les décideurs.
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an operational guide to support all those responsible for planning and implementing the rollout of COVID-19 vaccine to refugees and migrants at national and local levels, 14 March 2022
Covid-19 Epidemiological Surveillance Guide: Public Health Emergency of National Importance for Coronavirus Disease 2019 - version 4
The 2021 WHO health and climate change global survey report provides a valuable snapshot of the overall progress governments have made in addressing the health risks of climate change. The findings on key health and climate change indicators aim to empower policy makers to: make informed decisions o
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n the implementation of policies and plans; identify evidence gaps; and better understand the barriers to achieving adaptation and resilience priorities in the health sector while maximizing the health benefits of sector-wide climate mitigation efforts.
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Brucellosis is widespread in both humans and livestock in many developing countries. The authors have performed a series of epidemiological studies on brucellosis in agro-pastoral areas in Tanzania since 2015, with the aim of the disease control. Previously, the potential of a community-based brucel
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losis control initiative, which mainly consisted of the sale of cattle with experience of abortion and vaccinating calves, was assessed as being effective and acceptable based on a quantitative approach. This study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of community-based brucellosis control program using participatory rural appraisals (PRAs) and key-informant interviews. Four PRAs were performed together with livestock farmers and livestock and medical officers in 2017. In the PRAs, qualitative information related to risky behaviors for human infection, human brucellosis symptoms, willingness to sell cattle with experience of abortion, and willingness to pay for calf vaccination were collected, and a holistic approach for a community-based disease control project was planned. All of the communities were willing to implement disease control measures. To avoid human infection, education, especially for children, was proposed to change risky behaviors. The findings of this study showed that community-based disease control measures are promising.
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Taking a multisectoral, One Health approach is necessary to address complex health threats at the human-animal-environment interface, such as rabies, zoonotic influenza, anthrax, and Rift Valley fever. Such zoonotic diseases continue to have major impacts on health, livelihoods, and economies, and c
...
annot be effectively addressed by one sector alone.
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The One Health approach can help achieve progress and promotes synergies on national and global priorities by generating synergies at the human-animal-environmental interface. While evidence is still scare, it is likely that the approach is highly cost-effective and improves effectiveness of core pu
...
blic health systems, through reducing morbidity, mortality, and economic costs of disease outbreaks. It also contributes to economic development through strengthening public health systems at the human-animal-environment interface protects health, agricultural production, and
ecosystem services
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