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Prevalence, severity and risk factors for asthma in school-going adolescents in KwaZulu Natal, South Africa

Mphahlele, R.; Lesosky, M.; Masekela, R. BMJ Open Respiratory Research (2023) CC

Background Asthma remains highly prevalent, with more severe symptoms in low-income to middle-income countries (LMICs) compared with high-income countries. Identifying risk factors for severe asthma symptoms can assist with improving outcomes. We aimed to determine ... prevalence, severity and risk factors for asthma in adolescents in an LMIC. Methods A cross-sectional survey using the Global Asthma Network written and video questionnaires was conducted in adolescents aged 13 and 14 from randomly selected schools in Durban, South Africa, between May 2019 and June 2021. Results A total of 3957 adolescents (51.9% female) were included. The prevalence of lifetime, current and severe asthma was 24.6%, 13.7% and 9.1%, respectively. Of those with current and severe asthma symptoms; 38.9% (n=211/543) and 40.7% (n=147/361) had doctor-diagnosed asthma; of these, 72.0% (n=152/211) and 70.7% (n=104/147), respectively, reported using inhaled medication in the last 12 months. Short-acting beta agonists (80.4%) were more commonly used than inhaled corticosteroids (13.7%). Severe asthma was associated with: fee-paying school quintile (adjusted OR (CI)): 1.78 (1.27 to 2.48), overweight (1.60 (1.15 to 2.22)), exposure to traffic pollution (1.42 (1.11 to 1.82)), tobacco smoking (2.06 (1.15 to 3.68)), rhinoconjunctivitis (3.62 (2.80 to 4.67)) and eczema (2.24 (1.59 to 3.14)), all p<0.01. Conclusion Asthma prevalence in this population (13.7%) is higher than the global average (10.4%). Although common, severe asthma symptoms are underdiagnosed and associated with atopy, environmental and lifestyle factors. Equitable access to affordable essential controller inhaled medicines addressing the disproportionate burden of asthma is needed in this setting. more

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Preparedness: saves time, money and lives

Inter-Agency Standing Committee; World Food Programme (2011) C2

This document addresses preparedness as an important investment against natural and man-made disasters. Through good practices, it urges the humanitarian community, governments and regional bodies to use preparedness thinking to be aware ... risks, to reduce them and to plan ahead to combat them in order to respond more effectively and reduce the threat of hunger, disease, poverty and conflicts. It uses examples from Bangladesh, Bhutan, Bolivia, Colombia, Cook Islands, Ghana, Haiti, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Korea, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Kyrgyzstan, Madagascar, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Panama, Philippines, Samoa, Solomon Islands, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Tonga, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Vanuatu, Zambia and Zimbabwe more

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Disaster Risk Management Strategy: Towards Resilient Communities

Agency for Technical Cooperation and Development (ACTED) (2013)

Between 1992 and 2012, disasters caused more than 1.3 million deaths, affected more than 4.4 billion people and led to US$ 2 trillion in economic damages and losses around the world. This Disaster Risk Management Strategy explains how ... Agency for Technical Cooperation and Development (ACTED) anticipates disasters and advocates for more upstream consideration of their occurrence. There are sections on community based disaster risk management and ecosystem based disaster resilience, as well as a look to the future more

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Policy Snapshot: Cholesterol Control and Management in Brazil

World Heart Federation (2015) CC

Worldwide, there are about 17 million deaths due to cardiovascular disease (CVD) each year and at least two or three times as many non-fatal events. Raised cholesterol greatly increases the risks of... more

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Boîte à outils pour une gestion vectorielle intégrée en Afrique subsaharienne

Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS) (2016) C_WHO

This toolkit for integrated vector management (IVM) is designed to help national and regional programme managers coordinate across sectors to design and run large IVM programmes. The toolkit provides the<... more

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Desk-guide for diagnosis and management of TB in children - Africa Edition

Graham, S.M.et al. International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (2016) C1

3rd edition

Counselling for maternal and newborn health care

World Health Organization World Health Organization (2013) C_WHO

A handbook for building skills, Updated 2013

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SAMHSA’s Concept of Trauma and Guidance for a Trauma-Informed Approach

SAMHSA’s Trauma and Justice Strategic Initiative (2014) C2

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Situation Analysis of Children in South Africa

United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) (2009)

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Market Analysis of plant-based drugs

United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime; World Drug Report 2017 (2019) C2

Opiates, cocaine, cannabis World Drug Report 2017 -3- Accessed: 14.03.2019

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2011 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey: Key Findings

Ethiopia Central Statistical Agency and ICF International (2012) C2

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Clinical profile of parkinsonism and Parkinson's disease in Lagos, Southwestern Nigeria

N. U. Okubadejo; O. O. Ojo; O. O. Oshinaike BioMed Central (2010) CC

Published: 5 January 2010 Received: 30 January 2009 BMC Neurology 2010, 10:1 doi:10.1186/1471-2377-10-1 This article is available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2377/10/1