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Diagnosis and Clinical Management of Chagas Disease: An Increasing Challenge in Non-Endemic Areas

Suárez, C., Nolder, D., García-Mingo, A. et al. Research and reports in tropical medicine (2022) CC

Research and Reports in Tropical Medicine 2022:13 25–40. Chagas disease (CD) is caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, and it is endemic in Central, South America, Mexico and the South of the United States. It is an important cause of early mortality and morbidity, and it is associated with po... more

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Therapeutics and COVID-19 (Living Guideline, 10 November 2023)

World Health Organization WHO (2023) C_WHO

WHO has updated its guidelines for COVID-19 therapeutics, with revised recommendations for patients with non-severe COVID-19. This is the 13th update to these guidelines. Updated risk rates for hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID-19 The guidance includes updated risk rates for... hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID-19. The current COVID-19 virus variants tend to cause less severe disease while immunity levels are higher due to vaccination, leading to lower risks of severe illness and death for most patients. This update includes new baseline risk estimates for hospital admission in patients with non-severe COVID-19. The new ‘moderate risk’ category now includes people previously considered to be high risk including older people and/or those with chronic conditions, disabilities, and comorbidities of chronic disease. The updated risk estimates will assist healthcare professionals to identify individuals at high, moderate or low risk of hospital admission, and to tailor treatment according to WHO guidelines: **High: **People who are immunosuppressed remain at higher risk if they contract COVID-19, with an estimated hospitalization rate of 6%. **Moderate: **People over 65 years old, those with conditions like obesity, diabetes and/or chronic conditions including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, kidney or liver disease, cancer, people with disabilities and those with comorbidities of chronic disease are at moderate risk, with an estimated hospitalization rate of 3%. Low: Those who are not in the high or moderate risk categories are at low risk of hospitalization (0.5%). Most people are low risk. Review of COVID-19 treatments for people with non-severe COVID-19 WHO continues to strongly recommend nirmatrelvir-ritonavir (also known by its brand name ‘Paxlovid’) for people at high-risk and moderate risk of hospitalization. The recommendations state that nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is considered the best choice for most eligible patients, given its therapeutic benefits, ease of administration and fewer concerns about potential harms. Nirmatrelvir-ritonavir was first recommended by WHO in April 2022. If nirmatrelvir-ritonavir is not available to patients at high-risk of hospitalization, WHO suggests the use of molnupiravir or remdesivir instead. WHO suggests against the use of molnupiravir and remdesivir for patients at moderate risk, judging the potential harms to outweigh the limited benefits in patients at moderate risk of hospital admission. For people at low risk of hospitalization, WHO does not recommend any antiviral therapy. Symptoms like fever and pain can continue to be managed with analgesics like paracetamol. WHO also recommends against use of a new antiviral (VV116) for patients, except in clinical trials. The update also includes a strong recommendation against the use of ivermectin for patients with non-severe COVID-19. WHO continues to advise that in patients with severe or critical COVID-19, ivermectin should only be used in clinical trials. more

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Implementation Framework & Clinical Guidance for Viral Hepatitis Prevention & Treatment 2019

Ministry of Health, Zambia (2020) CC

The Zambia Population Based HIV impact assessment of 2016, reported the prevalence of viral hepatitis in Zambia as ranging between 5.6% among adults aged 15 to 59% in the general population, and 7.1% among HIV infected individuals. It is estimated that the majority of persons with chronic hepatitis ... more

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Guidelines for the Management of Adverse Drug Effects of Antimycobacterial Agents

Lawrence Flick Memorial Tuberculosis Clinic, Philadelphia Tuberculosis Control Program (1998) C2

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Nambia: NATIONAL GUIDELINES FOR MEDICINES SAFETY SURVEILLANCE

Ministry of Health and Social Services (MOHSS) (2011) C2

Therapeutics Information and Pharmacovigilance Centre | TIPC

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Tanzania: National Guidelines for Monitoring Medicines Safety

Tanzania Food & Drugs Authority (TFDA) (2010) C2

Made under Section 5 (c) of the Tanzania Food, Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 2003 | Second Edition

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Nigeria: GOOD PHARMACOVIGILANCE PRACTICE GUIDELINES

National Agency for Food and Drugs Administration and Control (NAFDAC) (2016) C2

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Améliorer la disponibilité et l'accessibilité des médicaments analgesiques à l'échelle mondiale : un cadre de travail pour évaluer les politiques nationales qui régissent les médicaments opioïdes

Pain & Policy Studies Group (2018) CC

Groupe d'étude sur la douleur et les politiques / Centre collaborateur de l'OMS pour les politiques de soulagement de la douleur et de soins palliatifs

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India: Handout for ASHA training

Directorate General of Health Services, National Leprosy Eradication Programme, New Delhi (2013) C1

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The Diagnosis of leprosy slide sets

S.Noto; P.A.M.Schreuder and B. Naafs (2011) CC

slides

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Guidelines for the screening, care and treatment of persions with hepatitis C infection. Updated Version, April 2016
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2016) C_WHO

The objectives of these WHO guidelines are to provide updated evidence- based recommendations for the treatment of persons with hepatitis C infection using, where possible, all DAA-only combinations. The guidelines also provide recommendations on the preferred regimens based on a patient’s HCV gen... more

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Model Patient Card / Record (Leprosy)

ILEP International Federation of Anti-Leprosy Associations (2014)

2nd edition. There have been many requests over the past few years for advice about what information should be included in a patient record for leprosy. The patient record should contain the essential information for the clinical management of the patients, for monitoring adherence to MDT, and for r... more

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Practitioner Review: Posttraumatic stress disorder and its treatment in children and adolescents

Patrick Smith, T. Dalgleish and R. Meiser‐Stedman (2019) CC

Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry60:5 (2019), pp 500–515

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National Guidelines on Management of Tuberculosis in Children, 3rd ed.
recommended

Republic of Kenya, Ministry of Health (2017) C1

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MDR-TB Intake Form

USAID; TB Care; DRTB Training Network (2014)

Guidelines for the screening, care and treatment of persions with hepatitis C infection. Updated Version, April 2016 recommended

National Guidelines on Management of Tuberculosis in Children, 3rd ed. recommended

Guidelines for the screening, care and treatment of persions with hepatitis C infection. Updated Version, April 2016
recommended

National Guidelines on Management of Tuberculosis in Children, 3rd ed.
recommended