The publication draws on pre-COVID data to highlight how children with disabilities face greater risks in the midst of this pandemic. It documents what has happened to services for children ...ass="attribute-to-highlight medbox">and adults with disabilities across the world and includes examples of what has been done to address disruptions in services. It also discusses the challenges in generating disability-inclusive data during the pandemic.
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This guide is designed to support mid-level rehabilitation workers on work with infants, children and young adults with spina bifida ...ttribute-to-highlight medbox">and hydrocephalus and their families. The manual includes information on the types, signs and causes of spina bifida and hydrocephalus, assessment of the level of development of those affected, and suggestions to promote normal development, mobility and self-care
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DIAGNOSING PTSD IN CHILDHOOD | The following literature review addresses the developmental and domain-specific consequences of previous and current diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disor...der (PTSD) in pre-adolescent children. PTSD was introduced in 1980 to capture extreme responses following a traumatic event. I analyze the evolution of the disorder’s diagnostic criteria toward a more developmentally conscious structure. I also examine instances in which these criteria lack developmental consistency: (1) preschool PTSD is the only diagnostic subtype despite the fact that childhood development also differentiates traumatic expressions in older children from adolescents and adults; and (2) many of the PTSD epidemiological data that have been reanalyzed under the most recent (DSM-5) typology only refer to adolescent and adult samples although many researchers have
demonstrated that developmental alterations to DSM-IV and DSM-IV-TR criteria produce significantly higher prevalence rates in children.
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Asthma, hay fever and eczema are three common chronic conditions. There have been no recent multi-country data on the burden of these three conditions in adults; the aims of this study are to fill t...his evidence gap.
The Global Asthma Network Phase I is a multi-country cross-sectional population-based study using the same core methodology as the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Phase III. It provides data on the burden of asthma, hay fever and eczema in children and adolescents, and, for the first time, in their parents/guardians.
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Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) published a clinical case definition of post COVID-19
condition, by a Delphi consensus, on 6 October 2021. That process concluded that a separate definition
may be applicable for children. It is impo...rtant to understand the frequency, characteristics and risk factors
that lead to post COVID-19 condition, along with its impact on everyday functioning and development of
children and adolescents. Long-term outcomes of the condition are currently unknown and need to be
studied. For these reasons, a globally standardized clinical case definition is needed.
Aim: To develop a globally relevant standardized clinical case definition for children and adolescents by
building on the WHO clinical case definition for post COVID-19 condition in adults.
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Safe disposal of children’s feces is as essential as the safe disposal of adults’ feces. Th is brief provides an overview of the available data on child feces disposal in Burkina Faso ...s="attribute-to-highlight medbox">and concludes with ideas to strengthen safe disposal practices, based on emerging good practice. Th e Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and Sanitation (JMP) tracks progress toward the Millennium Development Goal 7 target to halve, by 2015, the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation. Th e JMP standardized defi nition for an improved sanitation facility is one that hygienically separates human excreta from human contact.
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Music therapy can help traumatized children and adults to stabilize and to create a safe space f...or the expression of feelings and thoughts. In a 1 day international symposium on Friday May 26, presenting lectures and workshops, we’ll highlight the way music therapy research, methods and techniques are applied to treating childhood trauma and sexual abuse, traumatized refugees, prisoners and victims of violence.
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These tables are a quick reference to help health care providers determine the nutritional status of children over 5 years of age; adolescents; and non‑pregnant, non‑lactating ...bute-to-highlight medbox">adults. Practice exercises are available to assist health care providers in using the tables.
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Asthma is the most common noncommunicable disease in children, and among the most common in adults. According to the most recent estimates from the... Global Asthma Network Phase I study, around one in 10 children and adults have symptoms of asthma and one in 20 school-aged children have severe asthma symptoms, with marked variations in prevalence and in prevalence trends between countries and regions of the world. The Global Burden of Disease Study estimated that asthma caused the loss of 21.6 million healthy years of life (disability-adjusted life years) and 461 069 deaths in 2019. Approximately 90% of the asthma burden of disease is borne by people living low and middle income countries (LMICs). Some countries report very high (up to 90%) rates of uncontrolled asthma. While the prevalence of asthma is highest in countries with a high Socio-Demographic Index (SDI), death rates from asthma are highest in countries with low and lower middle incomes.
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Bronchial asthma is the most frequent chronic respiratory disease in both adults and children. The prevalence ...edbox">and burden of asthma vary considerably between different regions of the world. Information on asthma in Africa is fragmentary and relatively old.
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Chapter 10 of Pediatric Surgery: This chapter provides an overview of some of the challenges when providing anaesthesia care for children in Africa. The chapter reviews
the cardiac, respiratory, and...> renal differences of children in comparison to adults. Additionally, it addresses preoperative assessment, including guidelines for nothing by mouth (NPO, or nil per os), general and regional anaesthesia, intraoperative monitoring, airway management, and postoperative care
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No one wants the words “post-traumatic stress disorder” and “children” to appear in the same sentence. But recent events like the Sandy Hook elementary school shooting are reminders that ...an class="attribute-to-highlight medbox">children as well as adults can be exposed to events that cause this debilitating but highly treatable mental illness.Previous posts in this series explained why I advocate for children with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), explored 5 myths and misconceptions about PTSD in children, and defined both trauma and PTSD from a child’s point of view. This post explores some of the causes of PTSD in kids.
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TB treatment for children is fundamentally the same as for adults, with a combination of TB drugs needing to be taken for a number of months. TB treatment for ...box">children consists of an intensive phase followed by a continuation phase. The purpose of the intensive phase is to rapidly eliminate the majority of the TB bacteria, and this phase uses a greater number of TB drugs than the continuation phase whose aim is to eradicate any remaining dormant bacteria.
Accessed Nov. 07. 2017
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Is your child’s ear hurting? It could be an ear infection. Children are more likely than adults to get ear infections. Talk to your child’s doctor about the best treatment. Some ear infections, ...such as middle ear infections, need antibiotic treatment, but many can get better on their own without antibiotics.
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In the area of nutrition and HIV, children deserve special attention because of their additional needs to ensure growth and development ...s="attribute-to-highlight medbox">and their dependency on adults for adequate care. It was therefore proposed to first develop guidelines for children and thereafter consider a similar approach for other specific groups.
The content of these guidelines acknowledges that wasting and undernutrition in HIV-infected children reflect a series of failures within the health system, the home and community and not just a biological process related to virus and host interactions. In trying to protect the nutritional well-being or reverse the undernutrition experienced by infected children, issues of food insecurity, food quantity and quality as well as absorption and digestion of nutrients are considered. Interventions are proposed that are practical and feasible in resource-poor settings and offer a prospect for clinical improvement.
The guidelines do not cover the feeding of infants 0 to 6 months old, because the specialised care in this age group is already addressed in other WHO guidelines and documents.
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This guidance covers diagnosis and care of patients with long-term effects of COVID-19. It makes recommendations for the care of adults and ...lass="attribute-to-highlight medbox">children who have new or ongoing symptoms 4 weeks or more after the start of acute COVID-19. It is meant for health and care practitioners. This interim document has been developed by the Africa Taskforce on Coronavirus Case Management Technical Working Group and will be continuously reviewed and updated in response to emerging evidence
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This manual provides practical guidelines for the management of children with severe malnutrition. It seeks to promote the best available therapy so as to reduce the risk of death, shorten the length of time spent in hospital, ...-to-highlight medbox">and facilitate rehabilitation and full recovery. Emphasis is given to the management of severely malnourished children in hospital and health centres; the management of severely malnourished children in disaster situations and refugee camps and of severely malnourished adolescents and adults is also considered briefly.
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Singing to the Lions is a free training package (facilitator’s guide, supplement and video) by CRS, that is designed to help children and youth l...essen the impact of violence and abuse in their lives. The main component is a three-day workshop where participants learn skills that can help them transform their lives and no longer feel dominated by fear. Although the workshop is aimed at young people and includes games, art and songs, it can also be used to help adults take action on aspects of their lives that cause fear and, in so doing, become better parents and caregivers.
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According to WHO, around 22% of adults in conflict settings have mental health conditions.
This is almost triple to non-conflict settings. There is no generally accepted estimate for children but i...t is clear that children who are refugees, IDPs or who live in conflict settings have high levels of mental health issues.
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The World Health Organization (WHO) endorses the use of population-based prevalence surveys for estimating the prevalence of trachoma. In general, the prevalence of TF in children aged 1–9 years and...n> the prevalence of TT in adults aged ≥ 15 years are measured at the same time in any district being surveyed. This was the approach of the Global Trachoma Mapping Project, which undertook baseline surveys in > 1500 districts worldwide in order to provide the data required to start interventions where needed.
The survey design recommended by WHO is a two-stage cluster random sample survey, which uses probability proportional to size sampling to select 20–30 villages, and random, systematic or quasi-random sampling to select 25–30 households in each of those villages. In most surveys, everyone aged ≥ 1 year living in selected households is examined.
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