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The World Medicines Situation 2011

Milani, B.; and W. Scholten World Health Organization WHO (2011) CC
Access to controlled medicines. 3rd edition
Vaccines are powerful weapons in the fight against pandemic viruses as shown by responses to both the 2009 H1N1 influenza and the COVID-19 pandemics. However, planning for accessing, allocating and deploying vaccines in a pandemic situation is a complex endeavour, beset with multiple challenges at a ... more
The availability of controlled medicines is crucial for patients requiring palliative care, pain relief and symptom management. Many individuals worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries, continue to experience limited access to thes ... more
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global threat that requires urgent collaborative action within and among countries. AMR makes standard treatments ineffective and facilitates the spread of antimicrobial resistant infections rendering communities vulnerable. The Ministry of Health (MOH) and Minist ... more
This manual summarizes key issues related to the safety of NTD medicines and their administration, with a focus on essential medicines used in mass drug administration (MDA), also called preventive ... more
To complement the Global Strategy progress reporting, this report provides a detailed look at country leadership and action toward the Every Newborn National Milestones by 2020. Countries have taken the initiative to show the way forward and have de ... more
This guidance is intended for use in developing standalone TB strategic plans, or TB interventions as part of multidisease or health sector plans. It describes key considerations and steps for strategic planning for TB in line with the World Health Organization’s End TB strategy, and the proposed ... more
Guide to national implementation of the Shanghai Declaration describes policy orientations and approaches that can unlock the transformative potential of health promotion for sustainable development. This guide was developed to support country level ... more
The purpose of this publication is to to provide a practical, stepwise approach to the implementation of the national action plans on AMR within the human health sector; and to provide a process and collation of existing WHO tools to prioritize, cos ... more
This field study to measure access to and use of medicines was undertaken in GHANA in May-June 2008. The study assessed information on the socio-economic level of households, and access to and use of ... more

Improving Access to and Appropriate Use of Medicines for Mental Disorders

Corrado Barbui, Tarun Dua, Kavitha Kolappa et al. World Health Organization and Calouste Gulbenkian Foundation (2017) C_WHO
This is a detailed manual giving a step by step approach to undertaking the pharmacovigilance of antiretrovirals. It is intended to be a source of practical advice for Pharmacovigilance Centres and health professionals involved in HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment programmes. A number of WHO publica ... more
Procurement and supply management activities are fundamental to consistent and reliable access to essential medicines and health products. To reduce the impact of CVD, action needs to be taken to improve prevention, diagnosis, care and management of ... more

Let our actions count - South African's national strategic plan for HIV; TB and StIs 2017-2022

South African Government; NDP 2030; South African National AIDS council (our Action count) (2019) C2
Accessed: 21.10.2019
Millennium Development Goal 8E aims for affordable access to essential medicines. Essential medicines, as defined by WHO, are those that “satisfy the health-care needs of the majority of the popul ... more
A Provisional Document. The purpose of this manual is to provide guidance to public health professionals tasked with managing a response to viral hepatitis. As every country’s needs are different with respect to its epidemiology and the current level of response, people would use this manual in di ... more

A case study of the Uganda National Minimum Healthcare Package

Kadowa, Isaac Regional Network for Equity in Health in east and southern Africa (EQUINET) (2017) C1
Regional Network for Equity in Health in east and southern Africa (EQUINET): Disussion Paper 110
This report compiles evidence from published, grey literature and key informants on the UNMHCP since its introduction in Uganda’s health system, and findings were further validated during a oneda ... more
The purpose of this Guide is to set out a simple, user-friendly, step-by-step approach for conducting table-top exercises for use in countries. These are generic guidelines which may be adapted for use at all levels in a country.
This guidance document has been produced by WHO to assist blood services in the development of national plans to respond to any emerging infectious threats to the sufficiency or safety of the blood supply, whether from an existing infectious agent t ... more
Annual and medium-term budget preparation processes are the platforms through which specific plans are transformed into actual resource allocation decisions. The aim of this Process Guide is to support key stakeholders involved in these processes (such as the Cabinet, Ministries of Finance and Healt ... more
First Edition
Document No. : FDA/SMC/SMD/GL-SMP/2015/05 | These guidelines are for information, guidance and strict compliance by Marketing Authorization Holders and Local Representatives of regulated products to help in the continuous safety monitoring of products granted marketing authorization in Ghana.
Document No. : FDA/SMC/SMD/GL-RAR/2013/01
First edition, November 1997 | Revised July 2002
Emergence of antimicrobial resistance is a result of the use, overuse and misuse of antibiotics both in humans and animals. In Ethiopia, there are indications on the misuse of antibiotics by health care providers’, unskilled practitioners, and drug consumers. These coupled with rapid spread of res ... more
3rd edition
In order to streamline and effectively control compounding of medicinal products in hospitals and pharmacies, these Guidelines for Production of Extemporaneous and Hospital Based Sterile Preparations has been crafted. The purpose of these guidelines therefore is to assist pharmacists in ... more
As a lower-middle-income country (LMIC), South Africa (SA) bears the burden of maternal and neonatal mortality similar to other sub- Saharan African countries. According to the Saving Mothers Report 2017/19, there has been a progressive and sustained reduction in institutional maternal mortality ... more
July 2021
3rd edition
Towards the Peoples Health Assembly Book - 5
Towards the Peoples Health Assembly Book -5
Clinical Guideline
This guideline provides advice in regards to applications for Marketing Authorisations for antimicrobial veterinary medicinal products (VMPs) on the data required and the methodology to be used for performing an assessment of the risk to public health from antimicrobial resistance (AMR) due to use o ... more
3rd edition!Large File 17 MB!
3rd edition!
This guideline is intended to provide requirements to applicants wishing to submit applications for registration of medicines in Botswana.
DRUGS REGULATORY UNIT | NOVEMBER 2009 | SECOND EDITION
In preparing this paper, the Pharmacovigilance Group of the Pan American Health Organization’s Pan American Network for Drug Regulatory Harmonization (PANDRH) adopted the perspective of PAHO/WHO, which considers Pharmacovigilance, an essential com ... more
Prices people pay for medicines.
Pakistan Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP) was formed in the wake of international and national efforts for AMR curtailment. A group of experts from microbiology, infectious diseases and veterinary medicine ... more
Notable progress has also been made on other key health indicators such as reducing maternal, infant and child deaths and malnutrition, increasing immunization coverage, eliminating infectious diseases such as polio and reducing the incidence of malaria, tuberculosis and diarrhoeal diseases. But ... more
UGANDA NATIONAL TUBERCULOSIS AND LEPROSY CONTROL PROGRAMME
The Global vector control response 2017–2030 (GVCR) provides a new strategy to strengthen vector control worldwide through increased capacity, improved surveillance, better coordination and integrated action across sectors and diseases.
In May 2017, the World Health Assembly adopted resolutio ... more
Antimicrobials are medicines, including antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitics, that are used to prevent and treat infections in humans, animals, and plants. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) arises when bacteria, viruses, fungi, and ... more
The WHO Pharmaceuticals Newsletter provides you with the latest information on the safety of medicinal products and regulatory actions taken by authorities around the world. In addition, this edition includes summary and recommendations from the vi ... more
This guide is intended to support national governments developing their national deployment and vaccination plans (NDVPs) for COVID-19 vaccines by outlining the roles, needs and opportunities for co ... more
Ensuring Access to Simple, Safe and Effective First-Line Medicines for Tuberculosis. Accessed in November 2017.
Global UNIDO Project: Strengthening the local production of essential medicines in least developed and developing countries
On 15–16 December 2020, WHO and the Medicines for Malaria Venture co-convened a technical consultation to consider the preferred product characteristics (PPCs) for drugs used in malaria chemoprevention. The main goal of the technical consultation ... more
This field study to assess the pharmaceutical situation was undertaken in Ghana in May-June 2008 using a standardized methodology developed by the World Health Organization. The study assessed medicines availability and affor ... more
WHO Model Formulary for children based on the Second Model List of Essential Medicines for Children 2009. In 2007, the World Health Assembly passed a Resolution titled ‘Better Medicines for Chil ... more
The manufacturing process is one of the key steps where quality control is required to ensure quality of medicinal products, including herbal medicines. Good manufacturing practices (GMP) is one of the most important tools for this measure.
The objectives of the meeting were to agree on coordinated and aligned support to the 3 countries’ national health recovery plans (Guinea, Liberia, Sierra Leone); to identify cross-cutting areas and opportunities for integration; to identify ways ... more
The country profiles incorporate facts indicating the national status of medical devices in areas such as: medical device policies, regulations, incorporation, lists, inventories, nomenclature, health technology assessment, management, and biomedi ... more
The aim of the Annual Inspection Report is to present findings of public sector health establishments inspected by the OHSC to monitor compliance with the National Core Standards (NCS) during the 2016/2017 financial year in South Africa. The NCS de ... more
The International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) is a global federation of national associations of pharmacists and pharmaceutical scientists. In order to support these associations in their fight against AMR, FIP has prepared this briefing docum ... more
Communication to Healthcare Professionals Mar-2020 This guideline is intended to assist healthcare professionals in the participation of very important process of continuous surveillance of safety and efficacy of the health products which are used in their clinical practice. Continuous evaluation o ... more
Member States have requested WHO policy guidance on how to facilitate the implementation of national AMS activities in an integrated and programmatic approach. This policy guidance responds to that demand from Member States and is anchored in public ... more
A WHO guide to inform & harmonize national & international pandemic preparedness and response The main updates from the 2013 interim guidance are: Alignment with other relevant United Nations policies for crisis and emergency management, and ... more
The Ghanaian Cabinet approved the antimicrobial resistance (AMR)Policy and Implementation plan(hereafter referred to as the national action plan or NAP)in December 2017, whilst the country case study was in progress. This has set in motion the impl ... more
This checklist is an operational tool to help national authorities develop or revise national respiratory pathogen (inclusive of influenza and coronaviruses) pandemic preparedness plans.
In September, 2018, the first international Medicine Quality and Public Health Conference was held at Oxford University, UK, to discuss opportunities and solutions to ensure that all people have access to affordable and quality-assured medical products. Delegates developed the short Oxford Statement ... more
Early-warning indicators to prevent stock-outs and overstocking of antiretroviral, antituberculosis and antimalaria medicines.

A model quality assurance system for procurement agencies

World Health Organization World Health Organization, United Nations Children's Fund, United Nations Development Programme, United Nations Populations Fund, World Bank (2007) C_WHO
This interagency report provides recommendations for assuring quality of medicines during key activities of country-level procurement agencies, namely prequalification of pharmaceutical products and manufacturers; purchase of pharmaceutical products ... more
The document "Priority medical devices list for the COVID-19 response and associated technical specifications" complements this guideline. This document provides interim guidance on the quality, performance characteristics and related standards of personal protective equipment (PPE) to be used i ... more
In recent years, high prices of pharmaceutical products have posed challenges in high- and low-income countries alike. In many instances, high prices of pharmaceutical products have led to significant financial hardship for individuals and negatively impacted on healthcare systems’ ability to prov ... more
This document builds on the Background document prepared for the September 4-5, 2014 Consultation. It includes proposed elements to consider during the development of a framework to assist decision-making at global and national level. The aim of ... more
This manual is designed primarily to assist managers of national malaria programmes and national reference laboratory responsible for quality assurance of malaria microscopy control. The information ... more
The objective of this document is to guide the preparation and implementation of national preparedness plans for the safety of substances of human origin during outbreaks of Zika virus infection, both in affected and non-affected areas.
This toolkit for integrated vector management (IVM) is designed to help national and regional programme managers coordinate across sectors to design and run large IVM programmes.
The toolkit provides the technical detail required to plan, imple ... more
One health Response to AMR Containment. In a significant move for the public health sector, Kerala has become the first state in India to launch an action plan to combat the growing cases of antimicrobial immunity, arising primarily from irrational use of ... more
Zambia has about 1.2 physicians, nurses, and midwives per 1000 population while the minimum acceptable density threshold is 2.3 per 1000 population. The estimated shortage of doctors, nurses and midwives in Zambia is about 14,960. However, with the projected population growth the deficit more than d ... more

Draft Department of basic educational policy on HIV, STIs and TB

Department of Basic Education; Department of Basic Education: Republic of South Africa (2015) C2
STAATSKOERANT, 5 MEI 2015 No. 38763 No. 38763 GOVERNMENT GAZETTE, 5 MAY 2015 General Notice Notice 295 of 2015 Department of basic education National education policy act, 1996 (Act No 27 of 1996) Call for written submissions from stakeh ... more

South African Health Review 2019

Sanders, S. Health System Trust HST (2020) C1
22nd edition The purpose of the SAHR has always been to analyse and assess progress and challenges in key areas of the health system, and to propose recommendations for improvement. We are pleased to continue this tradition in the 2019 edition, which presents a unique collection of perspectives on ... more
This Pharmaceutical Country Profile for Kenya (2010) has been developed by the Ministry of Medical Services with support of the World Health Organization. The Profile contains information on existing socio-economic and health-related conditions, resources, ... more
Information note.
This information note provides a strategic overview of key implementation considerations for diagnostic integration using these devices, and is primarily intended for use by national laboratory services and TB, HIV, and hepati ... more
The Health Sector Policy gives general orientations for the sector which are further developed in the various sub-sector policies guiding key health programs and departments. All health sub-sector policies will be updated in line with this new policy. The Health Sector Policy is the basis of ... more
Guidelines for the registration of microbial, botanical and semiochemical pest control agents for plant protection and public health uses. These guidelines are intended to guide pesticide regulatory authorities in the registration of microbial, bot ... more