Emerg Infect Dis. April 2015
Read online at: http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/21/4/14-1940_article
Over the span of a few weeks during July and August 2014, events in West Africa changed perceptio
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ns of Ebola virus disease (EVD) from an exotic tropical disease to a priority for global health security. We describe observations during that time of a field team from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and personnel of the Liberian Ministry of Health and Social Welfare. The authors outline the early epidemiology of EVD within Liberia, including the practical limitations on surveillance and the effect on the country’s health care system, such as infections among health care workers
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Injury to the skin and underlying tissues from acute exposure to
a large external dose of radiation is referred to as cutaneous
radiation injury (CRI). Acute radiation syndrome (ARS) 1 will
usually be accompani
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ed by some skin damage; however, CRI
can occur without symptoms of ARS. This is especially true with
acute exposures to beta radiation or low-energy x-rays, because
beta radiation and low-energy x-rays are less penetrating and less
likely to damage internal organs than gamma radiation is. CRI can
occur with radiation doses as low as 2 Gray (Gy) or 200 rads 2 and
the severity of CRI symptoms will increase with increasing doses.
Most cases of CRI have occurred when people inadvertently came
in contact with unsecured radiation sources from food irradiators,
radiotherapy equipment, or well depth gauges. In addition, cases of
CRI have occurred in people who were overexposed to x-radiation
from fluoroscopy units.
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Presentation is current through November 21, 2014 and will be updated every Friday by 5pm. For the most up-to-date information, please visit www.cdc
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.gov/ebola.
*Presentation contains materials from CDC, MSF, and WHO
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This job aid provides information for laboratorians about how to receive, process, and store dried blood spot specimens collected for early infant
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diagnosis, viral load, or drug resistance testing.
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The document titled "Prevención y control del cólera" (Cholera Prevention and Control) provide
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s essential guidance on preventing and managing cholera, a disease characterized by severe watery diarrhea and vomiting. Without prompt treatment, cholera can lead to death due to dehydration within hours. The disease is primarily transmitted through the ingestion of food or water contaminated with the feces of an infected person.
To protect against cholera and other diarrheal diseases, the document emphasizes the importance of drinking safe water, such as bottled water with intact seals, boiled water, or water treated with chlorine products. Frequent handwashing with safe water and soap is recommended, and in the absence of soap, hands can be cleaned using ash or sand followed by rinsing with safe water. Proper sanitation practices, such as using latrines or burying feces and avoiding defecation near water sources, are crucial. The document also highlights safe food practices, including thoroughly cooking food (especially seafood), consuming it while hot, keeping it covered, and peeling fruits and vegetables. Ensuring the safe cleaning of kitchens and areas where the family bathes or washes clothes is also advised.
In case of diarrheal illness, the document stresses the immediate use of oral rehydration solution (ORS) to prevent dehydration and the importance of seeking medical attention as quickly as possible. Patients should continue ORS intake both at home and during transit to a health facility. These preventative measures and prompt treatment strategies are vital for reducing cholera transmission and mortality.
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These training materials apply to all healthcare facilities that are not designated MVD treatment facilities.
For General Healthcare Settings in West Africa
For use with travelers who might have been exposed to patients with Ebola and are sick with symptoms consistent with Ebola infection and require fu
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rther evaluation
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Education and information about Chagas Disease, Triatomine bugs, Kissing Bugs, fact sheets, information for special groups,
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prevention and control, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment for Health Professionals.
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Website last accessed on 24.03.2023
A parasite is an organism that lives on or in a host and gets its food from or at the expense of its host. Parasites can cause disease in humans.
Testing Guidance and Interpretation of Results for Healthcare Providers Dengue and Zika Virus
These posters can be used to help educate people about good hygiene practices, methods for disinfecting water, and caring for family members who ma
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y be at risk of contracting cholera. They are designed for all audiences and the graphics have been made regionally specific.
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Testing Guidance and Interpretation of Results for Healthcare providers
Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) (sometimes known as radiation toxicity or radiation sickness) is an acute illness caused by irradiation of the entire body (or most of the body) by a high dose of penetrating radiation in a very short period of time (usually a matter of minutes). The major cause of thi
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s syndrome is depletion of immature parenchymal stem cells in specific tissues. Examples of people who suffered from ARS are the survivors of the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombs, the firefighters that first responded after the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant event in 1986, and some unintentional exposures to sterilization irradiators.
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The CDC document outlines five essential steps for preventing cholera. It emphasizes the importance of using treated water for drinking
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and food preparation, washing hands thoroughly with soap and safe water, cooking food thoroughly and consuming it while hot, using latrines or properly burying feces to avoid open defecation, and cleaning and disinfecting areas contaminated with feces using a solution of one part household bleach to nine parts water. These measures are critical to controlling and preventing the spread of cholera, especially in areas affected by outbreaks.
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