Alberto Minoletti, Michelle Funk, Natalie Drew et al.
1
Alexander Lourdes Samy, Zahra Fazli Khalaf, & Wah-Yun Low
1
Aliku, T. et al.
1
Alipanah N, Jarlsberg L et al.
1
Allach, Y.
1
Amini, M.
1
Ana Carvajal, José Félix Oletta López, Alejandro Rísquez
1
Anaya-Covarrubias, J.Y.
1
and C. Sabine
1
Annim, Samuel Kobina, Kofi Awusabo-Asare, and Joshua Amo-Adjei
1
Arjadi , R.
1
Ashleigh Tuite
1
Aung Zayar Paing
1
Aye Kyawt Paing et al.
1
Åsa Hammar and Guro Årdal
1
B. Ezenwa
1
Banerjee, A.
1
Bapoutou, B.
1
Barnes, H.
1
Bazargani, Y.T.
1
Bălă, G.P.
1
Begum, T. S. M.
1
Bendavid E. et al.
1
Berry, P.
1
Betrò, S.
1
Bham A., J. Bhiman, F. Bongweni et al.
1
Bham, A.
1
Bio Med Central
1
BMC Cardiovascular Disorders
1
BMC Infectious Diseases
1
BMC Primary Care
1
BMJ Global Health
1
BMJ Journals
1
BMJ Open
1
Bo Wen, Rongbin Xu, Yao Wu, Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelho et al.
1
Bodeker, Gerard, Ong, Chi-Keong, Grundy, Chris, Burford, Gemma, Shein, Kin. et al. (2005). WHO global atlas of traditional, complementary and alternative medicine. Kobe, Japa
1
Bonita, R.
1
Bortone, B.
1
Bozorgmehr, K.
1
Braae, U.
1
Brandon A. Kohrt,Laura Asher, Anvita Bhardwaj, et al.
1
Breathe, part of the European Respiratory Society (ERS)
1
Breitner-Busch, S.
1
Budreviciute, A.
1
Bush, A.
1
C. C. Johnson
1
C. Contini, M. Maritari, M. die Nuzzo, et al.
1
C. Giannou, M. Baldan and A. Molde
1
C. Hoffmann, et al.
1
C. Hughes
1
C. K. Mbuba
1
C. Kennedy
1
C. R. Newton
1
C. Taylor, A. Linn, W. Wang, and H. Moussa
1
C. Wilcox, L. Lebreton et al.
1
Camp, R. and C. Hoffmann
1
Cancer Association of South Africa (CANSA)
1
Carbonell, C.
1
Cardiovascular Diagnosis and Therapy
1
Cawthrope, D.
1
Center for Global Development
1
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
1
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for HIV
1
Centers for Diseases Control and Prevention
1
Central Research Institute of Epidemiology of Rospotrebnadzor
1
Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg
1
Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis and Outbreak Response
1
Chaitra Gopalappa, John Stover & Carel Pretorius
1
Chakaya, J.
1
Chambliss, S. E.
1
Charles B. Nemeroff
1
Chas J., Hema A., Slama L. et. al.
1
Chou-Zen Giam
1
Chowdhary, N.
1
Chowell and Nishiura
1
Christa L Fischer Walker, Igor Rudan, Li Liu, Harish Nair, et al.
1
Chu, D.K.
1
Ciais, P.
1
Cianconi, P.
1
Circulation
1
Clinical Care Options
1
CMAM Forum
1
Cogent Medicine
1
Cole CP, James PB, Kargbo AT
1
College of American Pathologists
1
Consejo Nacional de Evaluación de la Política de Desarrollo Social (CONEVAL)
1
Consorcio Latinoamericano de Anticoncepción de Emergencia (CLAE), Naciones Unidas, et al.
1
Convention on Biological Diversity
1
Cosgrave, J.
1
COVID-19 Mental Disorders Collaborators
1
Cupertino, M. C.
1
D. Antognini, A. Combes, et al.
1
D. Daniels
1
D. Daniels, C. Smyth, et al.
1
D. Daniels, et al.
1
D. Gomez-Pastrana
1
D. Luo
1
D. O’Mahony
1
Dai, W., Kaminga, A.C., Tan, H., Wang, J., Lai, Z., Wu, X., Xiong, Y., Deng, J. & Liu, A.
Department of Health Research Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
1
Department of Health, Republic of South Africa
1
Dèdonougbo Houenassi, M.
1
Dhan Bahadur Shrestha, Pravash Budhathoki, Bipana Gurung et al.
1
Dheda, K.
1
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal
1
Diabetes Internacional, Universidad Central de Venezuela
1
Diouf A., T. J. Youbong, F. L. Dieye et. al.
1
DIRECCIÓN GENERAL DE SALUD PÚBLICA, CALIDAD E INNOVACIÓN
1
Directorate General of Health Services Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh
1
Doyle, M.P.
1
Dr. Luis Távara Orozco
1
Dr. T. Waite
1
Duarsa, G.W.K., D.M. Soebadi, A. Taher, et al.,
1
E. L. Petroski
1
E.A Akl, S. Duda, et al.
1
E.Schuler
1
Echazarreta, A.
1
Eckstein, D.
1
El Gobierno des Todos, Ecuador
1
Elsevier Ltd
1
END TBc1
1
Environment and Society Programme
1
Environment International
1
Environmental Science and Pollution Research
1
Epidemiologisches Bulletin
1
Erwinanto, A. Santoso, J. N. E. Putranto, et al.,
1
Espira, L. M.
1
Ethioian Health Insurance Agency
1
Etienne V Langlois, Andrew Mc Kenzie, Helen Schneider & Jeffrey W Mecaskey
1
EuroHealth Observer
1
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC
1
European Monitoring Centre for Drugs and Drug Addiction
1
European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Eurostation
1
European Respiratory Journal, part of the European Respiratory Society (ERS)
1
European Society of Cardiology
1
European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases EUCAST
1
Eurosurveillance
1
Evangelina IN, Inês T, Miguelhete L et al
1
Ewig S.
1
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTICANCER THERAPY2020, VOL. 20, NO. 4, 271–278
1
Eyring V., Gillett N. P., et al.
1
F. Biadglegne, U. Sack, A. C. Rodloff
1
F. Bozzani et al.
1
F. Zermoglio
1
Fajolu, I.
1
Ferrante, G.
1
Ferres M., Potin M.
1
Field Epidemiology Services (Public Health England)
1
Fiona Charlson, Suhailah Ali, Jura Augustinavicius et al.
1
Fitzgerald, D.A. et al.
1
Fitzgerald, F.
1
Florian Lederbogen, Leila Haddad, Andreas Meyer-Lindenberg
1
Flying Publisher, Boehringer Ingelheim
1
Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)
1
Frank, A.
1
Frase N. S.
1
Freedman, B.
1
Friedman, J.F. et al.
1
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
1
Frontiers in Pediatrics
1
Frontiers in Physiology
1
G, Zambrano, E Salgato, F. M. Moyano et al.
1
G. B Kulkarni
1
G. Bishwajit, C. Zhaohui, H. Zhifei
1
G. Gururaj
1
G. H. Loneragan, H. M. Scott et al.
1
G. N. Rao
1
Gabrys, J.
1
Garcia, P.J.
1
GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborator
1
GBD 2019 Blindness and Vision Impairment Collaborators
1
GBD2019 Dementia Forecasting Coolaborators
1
Germanwatch e.V.
1
Gil, A.
1
Girum T., Wasie A. and Worku A.
1
Gleeson, T.
1
Glenn, B. E.
1
Global Mental Health
1
Goh, N. S. L.
1
Government of the Republic of Namibia
1
Greenhalgh, T.
1
Greinacher, A., et al.
1
Grimshaw, J. M.
1
Gruetzmacher, K.
1
Gulani, A. & Sachdev, H.P.S
1
Gulev S. K., Thorne P. W. et al.
1
H. Kuper and K. Blanchett , et al.
1
H. Thirumurthy, E. Omanga, B. Obonyo et al.
1
H.d Sobel
1
H.L. Nguyen
1
Haefele-Abah, C.
1
Halaharvi, H.
1
Haute Conseil de la Santé Publique
1
Health Cluster
1
Health Service and Population Research Department,Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London
1
Healthcare Journal
1
Hellen Gelband,Jha Prabhat, Rengaswamy Sankaranarayanan et al.
1
Hepatology Society of the Philippines
1
Hepatology Society of the Philippines (HSP)
1
Hiller, R.M., Meiser-Stedman, R., Fearon, P., Lobo, S., McKinnon, A., Fraser, A. & Halligan, S.L.
1
Hindricks, G.
1
Hitzeroth, J.
1
HIV i-BASE/TREATMENT ACTION GROUP
1
Ho T., Cusack R.P., Chaudhary N. et al.
1
Hogg Foundation for Mental Health
1
Hong‑Mei Luo
1
Hoviyeh Afnan-Holmes, Moke Magoma, Theopista John, et al.
1
Hoy, R.
1
Hsia Y., B. R Lee, A. Versporten, et al
1
Hu, X.
1
Hua Yu
1
Huffman, M. et al.
1
I. Mokrousov, (St. Petersburg Pasteur Institute)
1
ICF International
1
ICF International Calverton, Maryland, USA
1
iMMAP
1
Imperial College COVID-19 Response Team
1
Indian Consensus of Medical Research
1
Indian Council of Medical Research
1
Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR)
1
Institutional Treatment,Human Rights and CareAssessment (ITHACA)
1
Instituto Nacional del Cancer and Ministerio de Salud, Argentina
1
INTECH
1
International Committee of the Red Cross ICRC
1
International Diabetes Federation IDF
1
International I nitiativ e for Impact E valuation (3ie)
1
International Journal of Behavioral Science
1
International Journal of Infectious Diseases
1
International Plant Nutrition Institute, International Fertilizer Industry Association
1
IOP Science
1
IPCC
1
IPNI, IFA
1
Istituto Superiore di Sanità (ISS)
1
J Family Med Prim Care
1
J. Bhiman, F. Bongweni et al.
1
J. Wolf
1
J. Wolf, C. Corvalán, et al.
1
J. Woodring
1
Jackson, J., Kheng Heng, L., Eklund, G. et al.
1
Janiri, L.
1
Jésuites d'Afrique de l'Ouest
1
John Beard, Alana Officer, Andrew Cassels et al.
1
Jose Bertolote, José Miguel Caldas de Almeida, Thomas Bornemann et al.
1
Journal of AIDS & Clinical Research
1
Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: Global
1
journal of Global health
1
Journal of Health Monitoring
1
Journal of the American College of Cardiology
1
Julián-Jiménez, A.
1
K. Tolksdorf
1
K.L.Ebi
1
Kalafs.S.
1
Kang Yiu Lai, Wing Yiu George Ng and Fan Fanny Cheng
1
Karagiannidis, C.
1
Kengne, A.P. et al.
1
Keymanthri Moodley, Kate Hardie, Michael J Selgelid, et al.
1
Khdr Sabir, D. et al.
1
Khuluza, F.
1
Kirakoya-Samadoulougou F., K. Jean, M. Maheu-Giroux
1
Kirenga, B.J.
1
Kishimoto T., Robenzadeh A, Leucht C, et al.
1
Klug, E. et al.
1
Kluge, S. et al.
1
Kohler, S.
1
Kopittke, P.M.
1
Korenromp E.
1
Kumar Roy., S. and S. Bhattacharjee
1
Kunda J., Gosling S., Foody G. et al.
1
L. Alfieri, M. Flörke et al.
1
L. Cai
1
L. R. Augustemak de Lima
1
L. Zhou
1
L.Houétondji Codjo, D. Dokoui, S, et al.
1
La Grutta, S.
1
Ladnaya, N.
1
Larson, M. C.
1
Larson, P. S.
1
Lee J. Y., Marotzke J., et al.
1
Lee, V.
1
Lenney, W.
1
Leong, T. L.
1
Leufkens, H.G.M. et al.
1
Ling, S.
1
Linju Maria, J.
1
Lockwod DN.
1
Lode, H.
1
López-Bernús, A.
1
Lukito, A.A., A.U. Rahajoe, L.I. Rilantono, et al.,
1
M. G. Whitfield, H. M. Soeters, R. M. Warren, et al.
1
M. Janier, V. Hegyi, N. Dupin et al
1
M. Langer
1
M. Lefebvre
1
M. Mayan
1
M. Mntonintshi
1
M. Nebuloni
1
M. Roser, P. Geldsetzer, T. Bärnighausen
1
M. Vitoriaa
1
M.J. Nieuwenhuijsen, M. Gascon
1
MacQuarrie, Kerry L.D., Sarah E.K. Bradley, Alison Gemmill, and Sarah Staveteig
1
Mailloux, N.A. et al.
1
Makanjuola, A. et al.
1
Makwe, C.
1
Manas R. , Behera R., Satpathy S.K.
1
Margaret Grigg , Michelle Funk, Natalie Drew et al.
1
Maria Faurholt-Jepsen, Michael Bauer and Lars Vedel Kessing
1
Martínez-Austria Polioptro,F and Bandala E. R
1
Mary-Anne Hartley, Alyssa Young, Anh-Minh Tran et al.
1
Mburu, Gitau
1
McKee, M.
1
MDPI Journal of Clinical Medicine
1
Medicine
1
Mensah, G.A.
1
Mercado, S.
1
Mercedes M. Maicán V., Ángel Granado, Jesús Cedeño, et al.
1
Médecins sans Frontières MSF
1
mhGAP
1
MI. Troya,B. Bartlam, and C. A. Chew-Graham
1
Michael T. Osterholma, Kristine A. Moorea, Nicholas S. Kelley et al.
1
Michelle Funk, José Miguel Caldas de Almeida, Natalie Drew et al.
1
Military Medical Research
1
Minh D Pham
1
Ministerio da Saude Brasilia
1
Ministerio de Salud Argentina
1
Ministerio de Salud Chile
1
Ministerio de Salud y Proteccion Social Bogota, Colombia
1
Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social Bogotá, Colombia
1
Ministerio de Salud, Bogota, Colombia
1
Ministério da Saúde, Brazil
1
Ministry of Health, Kenya
1
Minja, N.W.
1
Modi, D., N. Dholakia, R. Gopalan, et al.
1
Mohamed, S.F.
1
Morse, J.M.
1
Moudatsou, M.
1
Mpe, M.
1
MSMGF
1
Mukund Uplekar, Diana Weil, Hannah Monica Dias et al.
1
Multidisciplinary Collaborative Group for the Scientific Monitoring of COVID-19 (GCMSC)
1
Muntean Al., Popa M.
1
Mücke, H.
1
Mwangi M., Mutua1 M.K., et al.
1
N. Forda
1
N. G. Kiobi, S. N. Nebere, J. K. Karanja
1
N. J. Sagala, S. Sofyani, Supriatmo
1
N. L. Soh
1
N. L. Soh
1
N. Petrosillo
1
Nakagaayi, D.
1
Nalbandian, A.
1
National AIDS Commission MAlawi
1
National Department of Health, South Africa
1
National Library of Medicine
1
Nauta, M. H.
1
NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information)
1
NdOH South Africa
1
Neil M Ferguson, Daniel Laydon, Gemma Nedjati-Gilani, Natsuko Imai, Kylie Ainslie, Marc Baguelin, Sangeeta Bhatia, Adhiratha Boonyasiri, Zulma Cucunubá, Gina Cuomo-Dannenburg, Amy Dighe, Ilaria Dorigatti, Han Fu, Katy Gaythorpe, Will Green, Arran Hamlet, Wes Hinsley, Lucy C Okell, Sabine van Elsland, Hayley Thompson, Robert Verity, Erik Volz, Haowei Wang, Yuanrong Wang, Patrick GT Walker, Caroline Walters, Peter Winskill, Charles Whittaker, Christl A Donnelly, Steven Riley, Azra C Ghani.
1
Neuron Review
1
Niilo Mäki Institute
1
Nomura S. et al.
1
Noubiap, J.J.
1
Ntusi, N.A.B.
1
Nwe Ni Myint et al.
1
O'Sullivan, B.
1
Official Journal of the Asian Pacific Society of Respirology
1
OPS
1
Organisation de la Santé Mondiale
1
Organisation mondiale de la Santé
1
Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS)
1
Organización Mundial de Saude and OPAS
1
Organização Mundial da Saúde (Américas)
1
Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde
1
OVID-19 Excess Mortality Collaborators
1
P. Clayden
1
P. M. Enright, J. Shumake-Guillemot et al.
1
Paediatrica Indonesiana
1
Pan American Health Organization PAHO, World Health Organization WHO
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2018, 15(12), 2626; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122626
Climate change is increasing risks to human health and to the health systems that seek to protect the safety and well-being of populations. Health authorities require information about current associatio...ns between health outcomes and weather or climate, vulnerable populations, projections of future risks and adaptation opportunities in order to reduce exposures, empower individuals to take needed protective actions and build climate-resilient health systems. An increasing number of health authorities from local to national levels seek this information by conducting climate change and health vulnerability and adaptation assessments. While assessments can provide valuable information to plan for climate change impacts, the results of many studies are not helping to build the global evidence-base of knowledge in this area. They are also often not integrated into adaptation decision making, sometimes because the health sector is not involved in climate change policy making processes at the national level. Significant barriers related to data accessibility, a limited number of climate and health models, uncertainty in climate projections, and a lack of funding and expertise, particularly in developing countries, challenge health authority efforts to conduct rigorous assessments and apply the findings. This paper examines the evolution of climate change and health vulnerability and adaptation assessments, including guidance developed for such projects, the number of assessments that have been conducted globally and implementation of the findings to support health adaptation action. Greater capacity building that facilitates assessments from local to national scales will support collaborative efforts to protect health from current climate hazards and future climate change. Health sector officials will benefit from additional resources and partnership opportunities to ensure that evidence about climate change impacts on health is effectively translated into needed actions to build health resilience.more
El presente material es un aporte NO OFICIAL y volutario realizado a partir de la reunión clínica del equipo de Infectología Pediátrica PUC. Su objetivo
de aportar con un recurso educativo que contribuya a la actualización de los profesionales y estudiantes de la salud respecto a este problem...a de salud global.
La pandemia por SARS-CoV2 es una amenaza respecto a la cual existe un flujo de información en permanente y rápido cambio. Complemente siempre su lecturas con fuentes actualizadas.more
Guía de tratamiento farmacológico y manejo deescenarios clínicos de casos de COVID-19 – enero 2022 Guía de tratamiento farmacológico y manejo deLeer más
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(24), 13339; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413339
The climate crisis threatens to exacerbate numerous climate-sensitive health risks, including heatwave mortality, malnutrition from reduced crop yields, water- and vector-borne infectious diseases, and... respiratory illness from smog, ozone, allergenic pollen, and wildfires. Recent reports from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change stress the urgent need for action to mitigate climate change, underscoring the need for more scientific assessment of the benefits of climate action for health and wellbeing.more
This document aims to provide interim guidance for microbiology and virology experts, other laboratory professionals, laboratory managers, infectious disease programme managers, public health professionals and other stakeholders that provide primary, confirmatory or advanced testing for SARS-CoV-2, ...including genomic sequencing, or are involved in making decisions on establishing or scaling up capability and capacity to detect and characterize circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants.more
The Practical manual on laboratory strengthening, 2022 update provides practical guidance on implementation of WHO recommendations and best practices for TB laboratory strengthening. It is an updated version of the GLI Practical Guide to Laboratory Strengthening published in 2017 and provides the la...test practical guidance on use of newly recommended diagnostics as well as guidance in key technical areas, including quality assurance and quality management systems, specimen collection and registration, procurement and supply-chain management, diagnostic connectivity, biosafety, data management, human resources, strategic planning, and model algorithms. The key changes are:
inclusion of recent or updated WHO recommendations for tests to diagnose TB and detect drug resistance;
alignment with the latest WHO critical concentrations for phenotypic drug-susceptibility testing (DST) and the new definitions of pre-XDR-TB and XDR-TB;
updated information on building quality-assured TB testing and management capacity using the Stepwise Laboratory Quality Improvement Process Towards Accreditation (SLIPTA) approach (Score-TB package1);
updated information on assessing, analysing and optimising TB diagnostic networks; and
updated information on the use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) to detect mutations associated with drug resistance for surveillance purposes.
The document also provides references to resources and tools relevant for work on laboratory strengthening.more
Lockwod DN.The International Textbook of Leprosy
(2018)
CC
This chapter discusses the antibacterial treatment of leprosy infections. Antibiotic treatment is
a key component of leprosy treatment, as it is vital to prevent the progression of the infection.
Treatment with rifampin and other antibiotics is highly effective and cures 98% of patients with
the ...leprosy infection. Furthermore, the relapse rate is very low, at about 1% over 5–10 years.
There is little M. leprae drug resistance in leprosy and few reports of multi-drug resistance (1, 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, 7, 8). An antibiotic treatment may take months or years to produce clinical improvement,
especially in patients with an initial high bacterial index (BI).more
Theodor Bilharz, a German professor of anatomy and chief of surgery at the Kasr El Ani Hospital of Cairo from 1850, first identified an infective organism, Distomum hematobium in 1851, which was renamed Schistosoma haematobium in 1858. It arose from a cestode worm, Hymenoleptis nana, lying in the sm...all colon of an Egyptian patient. He also discovered a trematode worm at the same time from an autopsy, thought to be the cause of urinary Schistosomiasis. Bilharz died from typhoid fever in 1862 at the age of 37. The Theodor Bilharz Research Institute in Giza, Egypt, stands as a tribute to him today. F. Milton published the first recorded peer-reviewed article report on Schistosomiasis in 1914.more
Ce guide de référence a pour objectif d’expliquer en détail pourquoi la santé doit être intégrée dans la planification urbaine et territoriale et comment y parvenir. Il réunit deux éléments essentiels dont nous avons besoin pour construire des villes habitables sur une planète habitable... : les processus pour guider le développement des établissements humains — appelés dans cet ouvrage « Planification Urbaine et Territoriale » (PUT) ; et le souci de la santé humaine, du bien-être et de l’équité en matière de santé à tous les niveaux – du local au mondial et de la santé humaine à la santé planétaire.
Ce guide de référence identifie une sélection complète de ressources et d’outils existants pour soutenir l’intégration de la santé dans la PUT : notamment des activités de plaidoyers, des points d’entrées et des conseils, ainsi que des outils et des études de cas illustratifs. Toutefois, il ne fournit pas de prescriptions pour des scénarios spécifiques – ceux-ci doivent être déterminés par le contexte, les personnes et les ressources disponibles.more
Le syndrome respiratoire aigu provoqué par le coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), initialement décrit en Chine, est responsable
de la pandémie que nous connaissons actuellement sous le nom de coronavirus disease 2019 ou COVID-19. L'épidémie de
coronavirus a été déclarée « urgence de santé publi...que mondiale » par l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) le 30 janvier 2020 . L'Afrique a été atteinte plus tard que les autres continents, mais à la date du 3 mai, tous les pays africains
avaient notifié au moins un cas. À la date du 09 juin 2020, l'Afrique comptait près de 200 000 cas confirmés, plus de
5000 décès, avec 25 pays ayant plus de 1000 cas actifs. Les patients atteints par ce virus peuvent développer des symptômes allant jusqu'à l'insuffisance respiratoire aiguë sévèremore
Taenia saginata is a zoonotic tapeworm that is of economic importance in countries where cattle are kept. The parasite is transmitted from human tapeworm carriers (taeniosis) to bovines (cysticercosis) by excretion of eggs or proglottids containing eggs into the environment via the stool. Bovines ca...n then ingest the eggs through contaminated feed or water. After ingestion, the eggs hatch and release oncospheres in the small intestines, where the oncospheres penetrate the intestinal wall to reach the blood circulation. This distributes them throughout the body, but primarily to muscle tissue, where they develop into cysticerci. For humans to become infected with T. saginata, raw or undercooked bovine meat or offal containing infective cysts must be consumed. Bovine cysticercosis has been associated with various environmental factors related to water sources, such as animals having access to surface water, flooding of pastures and proximity to wastewater sources.more
The WHO Living guideline: Drugs to prevent COVID-19 contains the Organization’s most up-to-date recommendations for the use of drugs to prevent COVID-19. The latest version of this living guideline is available in pdf format (via the ‘Download’ button) and via an online platform.
Guidelines ...regarding the use of drugs to treat (rather than prevent) COVID-19 are included in a separate WHO document, Therapeutics and COVID-19: living guideline, that can via an online platform and in pdf format (or click ‘PDF’ in top right corner of online platform). Guidelines regarding the clinical management of COVID-19 patients are included in a further document, COVID-19 Clinical management: Living guideline, that can be accessed via an online platform and in pdf format (or click ‘PDF’ in top right corner of online platform).more
En la Región de las Américas, las poblaciones están envejeciendo y se está experimentando una rápida transición demográfica. El índice de envejecimiento, que refleja el tamaño de los grupos de mayor edad por 100 en comparación con los menores de 15 años, demuestra claramente el aumento de... las personas de 60 años o más. En comparación con las tendencias mundiales, la Región tendrá un mayor número de personas de 60 años o más que de menores de 15 años para el 2030, aproximadamente 25 años antes que el promedio mundial. La pandemia de COVID-19 ha dado pie a una crisis de salud sin precedentes en todo el mundo. Sus efectos en las personas mayores y aquellas con enfermedades subyacentes han puesto de manifiesto los desafíos de abordar sus necesidades durante una emergencia de salud pública. Dada esta transición demográfica, es fundamental reflexionar acerca de la preparación de los sistemas y servicios con vistas a atender las necesidades de este grupo de población, incluidas la mejora de la planificación para casos de emergencia y la protección de las personas mayores.
Esta publicación forma parte de una serie titulada La Década del Envejecimiento Saludable en las Américas: situación y desafíosmore
Throughout the Americas, populations are aging and the Region is undergoing a rapid demographic transition. The aging index, which reflects the size of the older age groups per 100 compared to children under age 15, clearly demonstrates the increase in people aged 60 and older. Compared to global tr...ends, the Region of the Americas will have a larger number of people aged 60 and older than children under 15 by 2030, which is approximately 25 years before the global average. The COVID-19 pandemic has presented an unparalleled health crisis around the world. The impact on older persons and those with underlying health conditions has highlighted the challenges of addressing the needs of older populations during a public health emergency. Given this demographic transition it is essential to think about preparedness of systems and services to address this population’s needs, including an increase in emergency planning and protection of older populations.more
Development assistance for health (DAH) is an important part of financing healthcare in low- and middle-income countries. We estimated the gross disbursement of DAH of the 29 Development Assistance Committee (DAC) member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) ...for 2011–2019; and clarified its flows, including aid type,
channel, target region, and target health focus area. Data from the OECD iLibrary were used. The DAH definition was based on the OECD sector classification. For core funding to non-healthspecific multilateral agencies, we estimated DAH and its flows based on the OECD methodology for
calculating imputed multilateral official development assistance (ODA).more
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of global deaths, with the majority occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). The primary and secondary prevention of CVD is suboptimal throughout the world, but the evidence-practice gaps are much more pronounced in LMIC. Barriers at the... patient, health-care provider, and health system level prevent the implementation of optimal primary and secondary prevention. Identification of the particular barriers that exist in resource-constrained settings is necessary to inform effective strategies to reduce the identified evidence-practice gaps. Furthermore, targeting modifiable factors that contribute most significantly to the global burden of CVD, including tobacco use, hypertension, and secondary prevention for CVD will lead to the biggest gains in mortality reduction. We review a select number of novel, resource-efficient strategies to reduce premature mortality from CVD, including: (1) effective measures for tobacco control; (2) implementation of simplified screening and management algorithms for those with or at risk of CVD, (3) increasing the availability and affordability of simplified and cost-effective treatment regimens including combination CVD preventive drug therapy, and (4) simplified delivery of health care through task-sharing (non-physician health workers) and optimizing self-management (treatment supporters). Developing and deploying systems of care that address barriers related to the above, will lead to substantial reductions in CVD and related mortality.more
Between 2012 and 2016, development assistance for HIV/AIDS decreased by 20·0%; domestic financing is therefore critical to sustaining the response to HIV/AIDS. To understand whether domestic resources could fill the financing gaps created by declines in development assistance, we aimed to track spe...nding on HIV/AIDS and estimated the potential for governments to devote additional domestic funds to HIV/AIDS.more