Cardiovascular diseases remain the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. There are significant differences in the burden of cardiovascular disease and associated risk factors, across high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries. Cardiac imaging by echocardiography, cardia...c computed tomography, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, single-photon emission computed tomography, and positron emission tomography myocardial perfusion imaging are well-established non-invasive tests that aid in the diagnosis, risk stratification, and management of various cardiac diseases. However, there are significant inequalities in availability and access to imaging modalities in low- and middle-income countries attributed to financial constraints, disparities in healthcare and technical infrastructure. In the post-COVID-19 pandemic era, these disparities are exaggerated by the continued technological advancements driving innovations in the field of cardiovascular (CV) imaging in high-income countries, while there is an urgent need to provide sustainable access to diagnostic imaging for patients in economically strained healthcare systems in regions like Africa. This review aims to highlight the inequalities in the burden of cardiac disease, associated risk factors, and access to diagnostic CV imaging tests, while also exploring the need for sustainable solutions to implementing CV imaging all over the world.
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Africa is experiencing an increasing burden of cardiac arrhythmias. Unfortunately, the expanding need for appropriate care remains largely unmet because of inadequate funding, shortage of essential medical expertise, and the high cost of diagnostic ...equipment and treatment modalities. Thus, patients receive suboptimal care. A total of 5 of 34 countries (15%) in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) lack a single trained cardiologist to provide basic cardiac care. One-third of the SSA countries do not have a single pacemaker center, and more than one-half do not have a coronary catheterization laboratory. Only South Africa and several North African countries provide complete services for cardiac arrhythmias, leaving more than hundreds of millions of people in SSA without access to arrhythmia care considered standard in other parts of the world. Key strategies to improve arrhythmia care in Africa include greater government health care funding, increased emphasis on personnel training through fellowship programs, and greater focus on preventive care.
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Africa CDC Institute of Pathogen Genomics (IPG) was launched in November 2019 and operates under the Division of Laboratory Systems and Networks.
IPG coordinate the implementation of molecular diagnostics, pathogen genomics and bioinformatics in Na...tional Public Health Institutions (NPHIs) and/or Refe-
-rence Laboratories (NRLs) across Africa.
Africa CDC and APHF are coordinating a continental initiative to maximize the benefits of molecular approaches and pathogen genomics for more effective
outbreak preparedness, prevention, response, and for the control and elimination of endemic diseases in Africa. One of Africa CDC’s flagship initiative is the Africa
Pathogen Genomics Initiative (Africa PGI), a partnership that aims to strengthen laboratory systems and enhance genomic surveillance by equipping the continent’s
public health institutions with the tools, training, and data infrastructure.
About the Project
In 2023, 166 outbreaks and public health events were reported in Africa. This calls for a resilient laboratory systems for timely detection and reporting of current and future outbreaks. This project aims to scale up molecular diagnostic and genomic sequencing-based detection and characterization of outbreaks.
Africa CDC is working with Member States to develop guidance, diagnostic algorithm, training and capacity building to enable outbreak detection, and reporting to inform public health response.
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The South African Heart Association's webpage provides comprehensive information about rheumatic heart disease (RHD). It addresses the causes, symptoms, and diagnostic methods of this condition. Additionally, it outlines prevention strategies and tr...eatment options to raise awareness about RHD and promote public health.
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The article "Under- and over-diagnosis of COPD: a global perspective" reviews the worldwide variation in the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and issues related to its misdiagnosis. It highlights that COPD is under-diagnosed due to factors such as limited access to spiromet...ry and variable diagnostic criteria, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Conversely, over-diagnosis often results from reliance on non-standard criteria or inadequate spirometry use. The article discusses key risk factors, including age, gender, exposure to pollutants, and comorbidities, and emphasizes the need for standardized diagnostic practices to better address and manage COPD globally.
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The document by the American Thoracic Society provides an overview of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), explaining its causes, such as smoking and environmental factors, symptoms like breathlessness and chronic cough, and diagnostic meth...ods including spirometry. It discusses treatment strategies, emphasizing smoking cessation, medication use, oxygen therapy, and pulmonary rehabilitation. The document also highlights that while COPD is a lifelong condition, effective management can improve symptoms and quality of life.
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The article provides a comprehensive overview of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), covering its causes, symptoms, diagnostic methods, classification of severity, treatment options, and management strategies, with a focus on risk factors,... clinical features, and therapeutic approaches such as smoking cessation, bronchodilators, rehabilitation, and potential surgical interventions.
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WHO Medical Devices Donations - SPANISH Version - Las tecnologías sanitarias son fundamentales en un sistema de salud operativo. Los dispositivos médicos, en concreto, son cruciales para la prevención, el diagnóstico, el tratamiento y la rehabil...itación de enfermedades. Estos documentos están dirigidos a ingenieros biomédicos, administradores sanitarios,
donantes, organizaciones no gubernamentales e instituciones científicas implicados en la tecnología sanitaria a nivel de distrito, nacional, regional o mundial.
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El propósito de este documento es brindar a los profesionales de salud que asisten a mujeres gestantes, información actualizada en base a las mejores evidencias disponibles para prevenir la infección, diagnosticarla oportunamente, sugerir tra...tamiento, dar seguimiento a las embarazadas, así como notificar el caso a las autoridades sanitarias competentes.
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En el presente documento se brinda una orientación provisional sobre los criterios de medición del perímetro cefálico, los patrones de crecimiento que se deben utilizar como referencia, la evaluación clínica y las pruebas y exploraciones necesarias para ...ox">diagnosticar la microcefalia y las alteraciones neurológicas que puede ocasionar.
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Este documentopretende fornecer orientações provisórias sobre medições padrão da circunferência da cabeça, padrões de referência para o crescimento, avaliações e investigações clínicas necessárias para estabelecer um diagnóstico de... microcefalia e verificar se há anomalias neurológicas associadas
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This comprehensive intermediate level course is for clinicians caring for patients with suspected or confirmed Ebola virus disease (EVD). Modules provide information on screening and triage, infection prevention and control, laboratory diagnostics, ...organization of the Ebola Treatment Centre (ETC), clinical care of patients in the ETC, and investigational therapeutic agents.
This training course provides clinicians with access to downloadable presentations and posters to facilitate their management of Ebola virus disease (EVD). Under this section, please find a Congolese Swahili translation of all modules with their presentation.
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Psiquiatría y pediatría - Capítulo I.3
El progreso en la prevención y el tratamiento del VIH/SIDA en los últimos veinte años ha sido notable. Una enfermedad que inicialmente dio lugar a una rápida mortalidad se ha convertido en una enfermedad crónica. Tanto es así que un adolescente ...class="attribute-to-highlight medbox">diagnosticado con VIH puede esperar vivir 60 años o más, y será más propenso a sucumbir a las enfermedades del envejecimiento, como la enfermedad cardíaca, que a la infección por el VIH.
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Antibiotic resistant bacteria are spreading at an alarming rate and some bacterial infections may once again be untreatable. Antibiotic resistance (ABR), conservatively calculated, causes more than 500 000 deaths every year. This number is projected to rise dramatically if radical actions are not ta...ken. Lack of effective antibiotics, diagnostics and vaccines threatens the health of millions and hampers fulfilment of several of the Sustainable Devel- opment Goals. Access to effective antibiotics should be part of every adult and child’s right to health.
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The global COVID-19 outbreak is leading to an acute and drastic shortage of essential supplies, including personal protective equipment, diagnostics and clinical management. At the request of the UN Secretary-General and in support o...f the UN Crisis Management Team, a Supply Chain Task Force has been convened to establish the COVID-19 Supply Chain System (CSCS).
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La presente publicación describe la evidencia científica publicada respecto a la hipertensión como factor pronóstico en pacientes con COVID-19. Se identificó una revisión sistemática que evaluó diferentes desenlaces de pronóstico en pacientes con hipertensión y ...ghlight medbox">diagnóstico confirmado de COVID-19 con evidencia procedente de treinta estudios.
Esta publicación pertenece al compendio Publicaciones Minsa sobre COVID-19.
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SOBRE ESTE GUIA
Este é um guia de referência rápida que resume as recomendações da Superintendência de Atenção Primária (S/SUBPAV/SAP) para o diagnóstico e o manejo na atenção primária da infecção pelo novo coronavírus. O documento ...representa o posicionamento da S/SUBPAV/SAP e tem a função de orientar a assistência clínica nas unidades de atenção primária na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Em caso de condutas divergentes do que estiver presente neste guia, recomenda-se o devido registro da justificativa em prontuário. Por
ser um campo em constante mudança, este guia será atualizado regularmente, e a versão mais recente estará disponível no site da SUBPAV (www.subpav.org) e no site www.coronavirus.rio, com uma lista das atualizações e suas respectivas datas.
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The African Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the African Union together have called for a New Public Health Order which will safeguard the health and economic security of the continent as it strives to meet the aspirations of the Agenda 2063. A key pillar of this mandate seeks to expan...d the local manufacture of vaccines, diagnostics, and therapeutics. Presently, less than one percent of vaccines administered on the continent are manufactured locally. This places a great burden on the health systems of African countries and reduces their ability to respond to pandemics and other health crises.
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Communication to Healthcare Professionals Mar-2020
This guideline is intended to assist healthcare professionals in the participation of very important process of continuous surveillance of safety and efficacy of the health products which are used in their clinical practice. Continuous evaluation o...f medicines’ benefit and harm help to achieve the ultimate goal of safe and effective treatments available to patients.
The guideline is intended to assist healthcare professionals in the reporting of suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) associated with the use of all registered health products, including medicines, old medicines, medical devices and in-vitro diagnostics (IVDs).
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Accessed on 17.05.2022
Norma técnica Manuales Informes Material de difusión Noticias Normas Técnicas Norma técnicapara el control y la eliminación de la tuberculosis ¡Actualizada! La presente Norma tiene por objetivo establecer las disposiciones que regulan la prevención, detección,...n class="attribute-to-highlight medbox">diagnóstico, tratamiento y vigilancia epidemiológica...
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