Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention
34
World health Organisation (WHO)
24
Organización Mundial de la Salud OMS
21
UNICEF
21
World Health Organization (WHO)
21
Pan American Health Organisation PAHO
19
Pan American Health Organization PAHO, World Health Organization WHO
17
Robert-Koch-Institut RKI
17
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé OMS
14
Reliefweb
14
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India
12
Всемирная организация здравоохранения (ВОЗ)
12
Government of India
11
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11
Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
11
UNAIDS
11
WHO
11
Pan American Health Organization PAHO
10
Всемирная организация здравоохранения (Eвропейское)
10
Africa CDC Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Safeguarding Africa's Health)
9
European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC
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European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control ECDC
9
Ministerio de sanidad - España
9
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé OMS
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Ministerio de Salud, Peru
8
OCHA Services
8
Regional Office for Africa
8
World Health Organization (Europe)
8
OPAS
7
UN Children's Fund UNICEF
7
World Health Organization (India)
7
ВОЗ
7
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies IFRC
6
Health Emergencies Programme
5
IFRC
5
International Organization for Migration IOM
5
Kamps, B.S.
5
Ministry of Health, Kenya
5
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), OPS
5
World Health Organisation
5
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Africa
5
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Europe
5
Всемирная Организация Здравоохранения
5
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC
4
Centro de Coordinación de Alertas y Emergencias Sanitarias
4
Centro de Coordinación de Alertasy Emergencias Sanitarias
4
et al
4
Ministerio de Salud Argentina
4
National Health Mission
4
OCHA
4
OPS
4
Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS)
4
World Health Organization
4
World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office for Europe
4
World Health Organization WHO, et al.
4
Министерство здравоохранения Российской Федерации
4
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (Africa CDC)
3
African Union, Africa CDC
3
and C. Hoffmann
3
Bild und Sprache e.V.
3
Global Handwashing Partnership
3
Lifeology
3
MEDBOX
3
Ministerio de Salud Publica Paraguay
3
Ministerio de Salud Pública de Ecuador
3
Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social Bogotá, Colombia
3
Ministério da Saúde, Secretaria de Atenção Primária à Saúde Brasil
3
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India
3
Ministry of Health Singapore
3
OCCHA Services
3
Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS)
3
USAID
3
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World Health Organsiation WHO
3
Всемирная Организация Здравоохранения - Европейское региональное бюро
3
AFEM African Federation For Emergency Medicine
2
Africa CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
2
Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention
2
AMREF
2
Apotheker ohne Grenzen und Brot für die Welt
2
ASLM
2
B.S. Kamps
2
Bennet, S.
2
BMJ
2
BMJ Global Health
2
C. Ferreira-Borges
2
Centre for Respiratory Diseases and Meningitis and Outbreak Response
2
Department: Health Republic of South Africa
2
DIFÄM
2
Dr. J. Breda
2
E. Chiang
2
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2
Family Larsson
2
FHI 360
2
First Draft, Yale Insitute for Global Health
2
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2
Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO
2
Gentilini U., M. Almenfi, I. Orton
2
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2
Hoffmann, C.
2
hpsc
2
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2
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2
International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies
2
M. Dara
2
Ministerio da Saude Brasilia
2
Ministerio da Saude, Brasilia
2
Ministerio de Salud Chile
2
Ministerio de Salud Pública y Bienestar Social Paraguay
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Ministère de la Santé - Le Gouvernement Luxembourgeis
2
Ministério da Saúde, Brazil
2
Ministry of Health
2
Ministry of Health and Family Welfare Government of India
2
National Centre for Disease Control (formerly National Institute of Communicable Diseases)
2
National Department of Health, South Africa
2
National Environment Agency (Safeguard-Nurture,Cherish)
2
OMS
2
OPAS, OMS
2
Organización Mundial de Saude and OPAS
2
Pan American Health Organization (PAHO)
2
Penal Reform International (PRI)
2
Rosenquist Foundation (dedicated to human milk)
2
Sallam, M.
2
See text
2
Smithsonian Science Education Center
2
Smithsonian Science Education Center, et al.
2
The Alliance for Child Protection in Humanitarian Action
2
The Alliance for Children Protection in Humanitarian Action
2
The Georg Institute for Global Health India
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the Inter-Agency Standing Committee’s Mental Health and Psychosocial Support Reference Group
2
The Lancet
2
The Public Good Projects
2
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2
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World Health Organization WHO, IFRC
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World Health Organization WHO, Western Pacific Region
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2
1mg
1
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A. Gheorghe
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A. Tandon et al.
1
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1
Abir, T.
1
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1
Africa Centres for Disease Control and Prevention Center for Disease , African CDC
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akkon Hochschule für Humanwissenschaften
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1
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1
Alves Dias, C.
1
AMECEA
1
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Anaya-Covarrubias, J.Y.
1
and S. Mauder
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and S.J. Mason
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Asberg, S.E.
1
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B Watso, E.Togami et al.
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1
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1
Bender L.
1
Berger, S.
1
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1
Bham, A.
1
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1
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CARE
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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1
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Временные рекомендации
5 июня 2020 г
Ношение медицинской маски является одной из профилактических мер, которая может ограничить распространение ряда вирусных инф...кций, в том числе, COVID-19. Однако использования маски как единственного средства недостаточно для обеспечения адекватного уровня защиты, и следует принимать также другие меры. Независимо от применения масок первоочередное значение в профилактике передачи COVID-19 от человека к человеку имеет тщательное соблюдение гигиены рук и других мер ПИИК.more
временное руководство, 13 мая 2020 г.
Целью настоящего документа является предоставле- ние временных рекомендаций по биологической без- опасности в лабораторных усл...виях, которые следует соблюдать при исследовании клинических образцов пациентов, подпадающих под определение случаев ин- фицирования новым патогеном, выявленным в Ухане, Китай, то есть коронавирусным заболеванием 2019 г. COVID-19.more
Document d’information scientifique
24 avril 2020
Le développement d’une immunité face à un agent pathogène à la suite d’une infection naturelle comporte plusieurs étapes et prend généralement une à deux semaines. Une infection virale entraîne immédiatement une réponse immunit...aire innée, non spécifique, au cours de laquelle les macrophages, les neutrophiles et les cellules dendritiques ralentissent la progression du virus et peuvent même éviter l’apparition de symptômes. Cette réponse non spécifique est suivie d’une réponse adaptative, au cours de laquelle l’organisme produit des anticorps qui se lient spécifiquement au virus. Ces anticorps sont des protéines appelées immunoglobulines. L’organisme produit également des lymphocytes T qui reconnaissent et éliminent les cellules infectées par le virus. Cette réponse adaptative permet parfois d’éliminer le virus de l’organisme et, si elle est suffisamment forte, d’éviter l’aggravation de la maladie ou la réinfection par le même virus. Ce processus est souvent mesuré par la présence d’anticorps dans le sang.more
Научная справка
24 апреля 2020 г.
При инфицировании в естественных условиях выработка иммунитета к патогенному микроорганизму проходит в несколько этапов и заним...ет от 1 до 2 недель. При вирусной инфекции врожденный иммунитет обеспечивает немедленную реакцию организма, которая заключается в активации неспецифического иммунного ответа, приводящего к замедлению инфекционного процесса макрофагами, нейтрофилами и дендритными клетками, и которая в ряде случаев обусловливает бессимптомное течение инфекции. Затем происходит активация адаптивного иммунного ответа, при котором в организме начинается выработка специфических антител, способных к связыванию с вирусными частицами. Данные антитела являются белками и носят название иммуноглобулинов. Кроме того, в организме образуются Т-клетки, способные распознавать и уничтожать другие клетки, пораженные вирусом. Это звено иммунитета носит название клеточного. Функционирование нескольких звеньев иммунитета при адаптивном ответе может способствовать элиминации вируса из организма, а при достаточной активности реакции – препятствовать переходу заболевания в тяжелую форму и повторному заражению той же инфекцией. Количественной мерой данного процесса является уровень антител в крови.more
This document is to support local authorities, leaders and policy-makers in cities and other urban settlements in identifying effective approaches and implementing recommended actions that enhance the prevention, preparedness and readiness for COVID-19 in urban settings, to ensure a robust response ...and eventual recovery. It covers factors unique to cities and urban settings, considerations in urban preparedness, key areas of focus and preparing for future emergencies.more
Supply of essential medicines and health technologies (6 April 2020)
This paper is one of a set of technical guidance papers developed by the WHO Regional Office for Europe to provide practical information and resources for decision-makers on measures to strengthen the health system response to C...OVID-19.
The purpose of this paper is to provide WHO Regional Office for Europe Country Offices and Member States with guidance on how to maintain supplies of medicines and health technologies, including devices, diagnostics and blood products, during the COVID-19 outbreak.more
March 2020
The number of African Union Member States reporting COVID-
19 cases is increasing and there is a likelihood of community transmission. The WHO recently modified the COVID-19 suspect case definition to include severe acute respiratory infection and advises testing of all severe acute res...piratory illness (SARI) cases.1 However, many Member States have not yet started implementing these changes, they are still focussing surveillance efforts on individuals with travel history to an area with local COVID-19 transmission. This means patients with similar symptoms, but no apparent contact, may not
be investigated.more
Centre Africain de contrôle et de prévention des maladies (CDC Afrique) protocole par la surveillance renforcée du syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (SRAS) et du syndrome grippal pour COVID-19 en Afrique
Mars 2020
Le nombre d’États membres de l’Union signalant des cas de COVID-19 est ...en augmentation et il est probable que la transmission communautaire en Afrique se produira. L’OMS a récemment modifié la définition de cas suspect de COVID-19 pour inclure des infections respiratoires aiguës sévères et conseille de tester tous les cas de syndrome respiratoire aigu sévère (SRAS).1 Cependant, de nombreux États membres n’ont pas encore commencé à mettre en œuvre ces changements, ils concentrent toujours leurs efforts
de surveillance sur les personnes ayant des antécédents de voyage vers une zone de transmission locale de COVID-19. Cela signifie que les patients présentant des symptômes similaires, mais sans aucun contact apparent, peuvent ne pas être enquêtés.more
Mothers and healthcare workers who support them have many questions and concerns about whether it is safe for mothers with confirmed or suspected COVID-19 to be close to and breastfeed their babies during the pandemic.
To address their questions, WHO has released a list of Frequently asked question...s: Breastfeeding and COVID-19. The FAQ complements the WHO interim guidance: Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when COVID-19 is suspected and draws upon other WHO recommendations on infant and young child feeding.
The FAQs aim to provide information to healthcare workers supporting mothers and families in maternity services and community settings, and communicate how the interim guidance should be implemented. Additionally, the FAQs provide information about the protective effects of breastfeeding and skin-to-skin contact, and the harmful effects of inappropriate use of infant formula milk.more
South Africa reported it fist case of COVID-19 on 5 March 2020. While the first cases were imported, local transmission has led to a rapid increase in the number of cases. As of 21 April 2020, more than 3,400 cases and 58 deaths had been confirmed. On 15 March, President Cyril Ramaphosa declared a n...ational state of disaster, and the government has since taken several measures to curb the spread of the virus, including closing borders, implementing strict social distancing measures and a 35-day nation-wide lockdown. These measures, along with the global economic shock caused by the pandemic, are expected to generate rising needs requiring an immediate and urgent response. Although South Africa is considered an upper-middle-income country, the amount of disparities—social, economic, and gender—make the country particularly vulnerable during this emergency.more
Breastfeeding is the cornerstone of infant and young child survival, nutrition and development and maternal health. The World Health Organization recommends exclusive breastfeeding for the first 6 months of life, followed by continued breastfeeding with appropriate complementary foods for up to 2 ye...ars and beyond.1 Early and uninterrupted skin-toskin contact, rooming-in2 and kangaroo mother care3 also significantly improve neonatal survival and reduce morbidity and are recommended by WHO.
Corrigendum 23 June 2020more
N95 or equivalent respirators are single-use personal protective equipment (PPE) designed for use by health workers that provide direct care to patients with diseases transmitted by aerosols or during aerosol generating procedures (AGP) for patients with acute respiratory disease, as is the case of ...COVID-19. • Given the current shortage of N95 and equivalent respirators, the World Health Organization (WHO) has suggested the possibility of their extended use by the same individual for up to 6 hours or the reprocessing of respirators when necessary.more
خيارات المرافق الخاصة
بغسل اليدين للإعدادات
محدودة الموارد
This document provides guidance to AU Member States, states/local bodies, and communities
on how to construct and maintain non-contact hand washing stations like Tippy Taps and other
al...ternative hand washing stations.more
Усиление мер реагированиясистем здравоохранения на COVID-19: техническое руководство No 5: адаптация первичной медико-санитарной помощи для повышения эффективности о...ветных мер в связи с COVID-19 (17 июня 2020 г.)
Strengthening the health systems response to COVID-19: technical guidancemore