the aid library

LIST OPTIONS

Filter

432

Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

Violence against women 60 years and older: Data availability, methodological issues, and recommendations for good practice

UN Women (2024) CC

This briefing note summarizes work undertaken by UN Women and WHO to inform the development of a module on violence against women 60 years and older that can be included in dedicated surveys on violence against women. It provides an overview of the challenges in the availability, measurement, and co... more

Access to health care for people with disabilities in rural Malawi: what are the barriers?

Harrison, J.A.K.; Thomson, R.; Banda, H.T. et al. BMC Public Health (2020) CC

People with disabilities experience significant health inequalities. In Malawi, where most individuals live in low-income rural settings, many of these inequalities are exacerbated by restricted access to health care services. This qualitative study explores the barriers to health care access experi... more

The adolescent health indicators recommended by the Global Action for Measurement of Adolescent Health: Guidance for monitoring adolescent health at country, regional and global levels

UN Children's Fund UNICEF; UN Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO; UN Women; UNAIDS; United Nations Population Fund UNPF; World Bank; World Food Programme WFP; World Health Organization WHO (2024) C_WHO

Adolescence is a critical stage in life for physical, cognitive and emotional development, shaping future health and well-being. Comprehensive measurement of adolescent health is essential to prioritize health issues, guide interventions and track progress. However, global, regional and national ado... more

The Burden of Pediatric Asthma

Ferrante, G.; La Grutta, S. Frontiers in Pediatrics (2018) CC

Asthma is the most common chronic disease in children, imposing a consistent burden on health system. In recent years, prevalence of asthma symptoms became globally increased in children and adolescents, particularly in Low-Middle Income Countries (LMICs). Host (genetics, atopy) and environmental fa... more

Symptom-based screening tool for asthma syndrome among young children in Uganda

Nantanda, R.; Siersma, V.; Ndeezi, G. et al. npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine (2020) CC

Under-diagnosis of asthma in ‘under-fives’ may be alleviated by improved inquiry into disease history. We assessed a questionnaire-based screening tool for asthma among 614 ‘under-fives’ with severe respiratory illness in Uganda. The questionnaire responses were compared to post hoc consensu... more

Proposed Strategies to Improve Adult Asthma Management in Egypt: Expert Review and Recommendations

Hosny, H.; Madkour, A.; Hantera, M.; et al. (2022) CC2

Several challenges face asthma management in Egypt, including the high percentage of uncontrolled patients, inadequate compliance, and overuse of short-acting beta-agonists (SABAs) leading to increased asthma-related morbidity and mortality. In this regard, the recent Global Initiative for Asthma (G... more

Renewable energy solutions improve children’s health and wellbeing in Malawi

Unicef (2021) C_UNICEF

UNICEF Malawi and its partners are prioritizing renewable energy solutions for children and communities across the country to access clean and affordable electricity, with a focus on hard-to-reach, rural communities unable to access the national electricity grid.

Download (317)

View PDF (190)

Standard treatment guidelines Otorhinolarygology (ENT)

Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, India (2020) C1

Accessed Febr.6, 2020

Behavioural considerations for acceptance and uptake of COVID-19 vaccines

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

WHO technical advisory group on behavioural insights and sciences for health, meeting report, 15 October 2020

Download (208)

View PDF (256)

Vaccine misinformation management field guide

The Public Good Projects; UNICEF; First Draft, Yale Insitute for Global Health (2020) C_UNICEF

Guidance for addressing a global infodemic and fostering demand for immunization December 2020 Misinformation threatens the success of vaccination programs across the world. This guide aims to help organizations to address the global infodemic through the development of strategic and well-coordina... more

Download (1238)

View PDF (2023)

Sanitation Safety Planning

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

Manual for step-by-step risk management for safely managed sanitation systems. 2nd edition. This Sanitation safety planning (SSP) manual provides practical, step-by-step guidance to assist in the implementation of the 2018 World Health Organization (WHO) Guidelines on sanitation and health and the ... more