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Influencing food environments for healthy diets

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2016) C2

Food environments are usually defined as the settings with all the different types of food made available and accessible to people as they go about their daily lives. That is, the range of food in supermarkets, small retail outlets, wet markets, street food stalls, coffee shops, tea houses, s...chool canteens, restaurants, and all the other venues where people buy and eat food. These environments differ enormously depending on the context. They can be extensive and diverse, with a seemingly endless array of options and price ranges, or they can be sparse, with very few options on offer. Because they determine what food consumers can access at a given moment in time, at what price, and with what degree of convenience, food environments both constrain and prompt the consumer’s choice.Food environments are influenced by the food systems which supply them, and vice versa. Food systems encompass the entire range of activities, people and institutions involved in the production, processing, marketing, consumption and disposal of food (FAO, 2013). They include but are not limited to food supply chains. Making food systems nutrition-sensitive can contribute to addressing all forms of malnutrition, as food systems determine whether the food needed for good nutrition are available, affordable, acceptable and of adequate quantity and quality. How closely food systems and food environments are interrelated and interdependent, and the degree to which external factors affect nutrition outcomes, varies from setting to setting.Many of today’s food systems and food environments are challenged in supporting consumer choices that are consistent with healthy diets and good nutrition. Consumers are not making choices based on nutrition and health, and poor diet is now the number one risk factor for death and disability worldwide (GBD, 2015). Food systems that do not enable healthy diets are increasingly recognized as an underlying cause of malnutrition (GLOPAN, 2016), and malnutrition, irrespective of form, has a huge cost. Economic costs associated with undernutrition are estimated at $1-2 trillion per year, about 2-3% of global GDP (FAO, 2013); the global economic cost of obesity and associated diet-related non-communicable diseases is estimated at $2 trillion per year, about 2.8% of global GDP (McKinsey, 2014). Influencing food environments for promoting healthy diets is an emerging strategy to address today’s nutrition challenges. more

Unequal, unprepared, under threat -World AIDS Day Report, 1 Dec 2021

UNAIDS (2021) C_WHO

Why bold action against inequalities is needed to en AIDS, stop COVID-19 and prepare for future pandemics

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UNAIDS data-2021

UNAIDS (2021) C_CDC

Global and Regional Data 1 December 2021; The 90–90–90 targets were missed, but not by much. At the end of 2020, 84% of people living with HIV knew their HIV status, 87% of people living with HIV who knew their HIV status were accessing antiretroviral therapy, and 90% of people on treatment were... more

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Global progress report on WASH in health care facilities: Fundamentals first

World Health Organization WHO; UNICEF (2021) C_WHO

The report identifies major global gaps in WASH services: one third of health care facilities do not have what is needed to clean hands where care is provided; one in four facilities have no water services, and 10% have no sanitation services. This means that 1.8 billion people use facilities that l... more

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Asia and the Pacific Regional Overview of Food Security and Nutrition 2021

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO; UNICEF (2021) C_UNICEF

English Analysis on World about Agriculture, Climate Change and Environment, Epidemic and more; published on 15 Dec 2021 by FAO and UNICEF

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State of the World’s Land and Water Resources for Food and Agriculture – Systems at Breaking Point

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2021) C2

(Synthesis Report 2021) [EN] - World Analysis on World about Agriculture, Climate Change and Environment, Drought, Flood and more; published on 09 Dec 2021 by FAO

The impact of disasters and crises on agriculture and food security: 2021

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2021) C2

The impact of disasters and crises on agriculture and food security: 2021 Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

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Tracking progress on food and agriculture-related SDG indicators 2021

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2021) C2

Tracking progress on food and agriculture-related SDG indicators 2021 - Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

Climate & Biodiversity

Expertise France (2021) C2

Expertise on #24 – Climate & Biodiversity - Expertise France

Disability Inclusion in Latin America and the Caribbean: A Path to Sustainable Development. Executive Summary

World Bank (2021) C1

The report offers a snapshot of the drivers behind the persistent exclusion of persons with disabilities and proposes a framework to build an actionable agenda building on promising practices available in the region. The COVID-19 pandemic has laid bare the urgent need to build more inclusive and res... more

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Emissions Gap Report 2021 - World

UN Environment Programme (2021) C2

English Analysis on World about Climate Change and Environment, Recovery and Reconstruction and Epidemic; published on 26 Oct 2021 by UNEP

The regional professional regulatory framework for nursing and midwifery

World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Africa (2016) C_WHO

Creating a common approach ro regulation, educational preparation and practice: future direction for nursing & midwifery development in the African Region

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STEPS: prevalence of noncommunicable disease risk factors in the Republic of Azerbaijan 2017

World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Europe (2021) CC

Noncommunicable diseases (‎NCDs)‎ are the principal cause of morbidity, disability and premature mortality in Azerbaijan. The most effective way to reduce the NCD burden is to prevent NCD development, by addressing thebehavioural risk factors underlying NCDs at the population and individual leve... more

Impact of COVID-19 on human resources for health and policy response: the case of Plurinational State of Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru

World Health Organization & Pan American Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

The overview of findings from five Latin American countries

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Guidelines for developing a national immunization strategy: frequently asked questions, key concepts and terms

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

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Assessing the impact of Covid-19 on older people in the African Region

World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Africa (2022) C_WHO

A study conducted by the World Health Organisation Regional Office for Africa. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on older persons both globally and in the African region. Although overall the region’s population is younger relative to many other world regions, the WHO AFRO region ... more

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Surgical care systems strengthening: developing national surgical, obstetric and anaesthesia plans

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C_WHO

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Child and adolescent health in humanitarian settings: operational guide: a holistic approach for programme managers

World Health Organization WHO; Eastern Mediterranean Region (2022) C_WHO

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National agrifood systems and COVID-19 in South Sudan: Effects, policy responses, and long-term implications

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2022) C1

The COVID-19 pandemic has put significant pressure on health systems all around the world. The drastic measures established to contain its spread are creating serious impediments to economic activity (including agrifood systems) and, consequently, to livelihoods and food security and nutrition.

Money calls the shots

Amnesty International (2022) C2

PHARMA’S RESPONSE TO THE COVID-19 VACCINES CRISIS. Update Feb., 14, 2022. In September 2021, Amnesty International published A Double Dose of Inequality, which assessed the extent to which the pharmaceutical industry was restricting access to Covid-19 vaccines. This report updates that assessment ... more