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Publication Years
Category
1283
391
217
145
132
67
56
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Toolboxes
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Melarsoprol Resistance in African Trypanosomiasis

Fairlamb, A.H.; Horn, D. Elsevier Ltd. (2018) CC
Arsenical monotherapies were previously very successful for treating human African trypanosomiasis (HAT). Melarsoprol resistance emerged as early as the 1970s and was widespread by the late 1990s. Melarsoprol ... more
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Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS)

World Health Organization WHO (2015) C_WHO
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents a major threat to human health with significant global economic and security implications. In 2015, WHO Member States unanimously approved a Global Action Plan to tackle AMR (GAP-AMR). The goal of GAP-AMR is ... more
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A national survey of public awareness of antimicrobial resistance in Nigeria

Chukwu, E., Oladele, D., Awoderu, O. et al. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control (2020) CC
Background: One of the objectives of the Global Action Plan by the World Health Organization (WHO) to contain antimicrobial resistance (AMR), is to improve global awareness through effective communication and education. Comprehensive information on ... more
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Guidance to facilitate monitoring and evaluation for antimicrobial resistance national action plans

Quadripartite: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO; UN Environment Programme UNEP; World Health Organization WHO; World Organisation for Animal Health WAHO (2023) CC
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a global human, animal, plant and environment health threat that needs to be addressed by every country. The impacts of AMR are wide-ranging in terms of human health, animal health, food security and safety, environ ... more
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Vaccines designed to reduce antimicrobial resistance

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO
Until fairly recently, debates about how to tackle the looming threat of antibiotic resistance have tended to focus on how to come up with new antibiotics
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Approche axée sur les personnes pour lutter contre la résistance aux antimicrobiens dans le secteur de la santé humaine

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO
La résistance aux antimicrobiens (RAM) est une réponse évolutive naturelle à l’exposition aux antimicrobiens, qui a été aggravée par des comportements humains, tels que l’utilisation abusive et excessive d’antimicrobiens, l’utilisa ... more
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Status of antimicrobial resistance education and awareness in the WHO African Region 2017–2021

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO
Animicrobial resistance (AMR) was declared by the World Health Organization (WHO) as one of the top 10 health threats facing humanity. The effects of AMR are far-reaching as it cuts across sectors and affects food safety, nutrition security, livel ... more
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Implementing the global action plan on antimicrobial resistance: first quadripartite biennial report

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO
The first quadripartite biennial report summarizes progress in the implementation of multisectoral national action plans, actions by the quadripartite organizations, actions by the global governance structures, key environmental dimensions, highlights areas for accelerated action, and shares case st ... more
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Addressing gender inequalities in national action plans on antimicrobial resistance

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO
National action plans on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) often overlook the critical intersection of gender, despite evidence that exposure and susceptibility to infection, health-seeking behaviours, as well as antimicrobial prescribing and use patte ... more
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Antimicrobial Resistance Curriculum Assessment Tool for Medical Education

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO
The Global Action Plan on Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) calls for making AMR a core component of professional education and training. In 2018, the World Health Organization (WHO) published Competency framework for health workers’ education and tr ... more
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Dolutegravir Resistance in Malawi’s National HIV Treatment Program

van Ossterhout, J. J.; Chipungu, C.; Nkhoma, L. et all. (2022) CC2
Dolutegravir HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) data from Africa remain sparse. We reviewed HIVDR results of Malawians on dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (November 2020– September 2021). Of 6462 eligible clients, 33 samples were submitted to S ... more
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Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Guidance for the African Region

Africa Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2024) CC
Antimicrobials are medicines, including antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, and antiparasitics, that are used to prevent and treat infections in humans, animals, and plants. Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) arises when bacteria, viruses, fungi, and ... more
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Namibian Antimicrobial Resistance National Action Plan

Pharmaceutical Services, Directorate Tertiary Health Care and Clinical Support Services Ministry of Health and Social Services (2017) CC2
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is occurring everywhere in the world, compromising the ability to treat infectious diseases, as well as undermining many other advances in health and medicine. Underlying factors that drive AMR include; weak or absent ... more
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Antimicrobial resistance and access to antibiotics

World Health Organization WHO EMHJ – Vol. 30 No. 12 – 2024 (2024) C_WHO
It is estimated that around 2 billion people worldwide do not have access to essential medicines. Access to medicines in the Eastern Mediterranean Region varies among countries, depending on their income level and allocation of domestic resources to medicine and vaccine procurement. Access to safe a ... more
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Antimicrobial resistance and infection prevention and control

World Health Organization WHO EMHJ – Vol. 30 No. 12 – 2024 (2024) C_WHO
Effective infection prevention and control (IPC) is the cornerstone of every health system. As of 2023, 17 Member States have a functioning IPC programme; 19 countries have developed national IPC guidelines; and 13 countries have adopted multimodel intervention strategies to improve th
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How immunization strengthens the fight against antimicrobial resistance

World Health Organization WHO (2024) C_WHO
Vaccines contribute to the battle against antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by preventing infections and thereby reducing antimicrobial use and the incidence of disease from resistant pathogens. By preventing infection transmission, vaccines extend pop ... more
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Coping with Drug Resistance/Kukabiliana na usugu wa dawa

Martin Namasaka Ecumenical Pharmaceutical Network (EPN) (2011) C1
For full publication see: http://hesperian.org/wp-content/uploads/pdf/sw_hmx/sw_comicstrip1_EPN_2011.pdf
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Antibiotics – What Is Resistance?
recommended

German Agency for Quality in Medicine (ÄZQ) (2012) C1
Patient information on resistance to antibiotics. English version. Also available in: Arabic, French, German, Russian, Turkish, Spanish. For other versions go to: http://www.patienten-information.de/kurzinformationen/arzneimittel-und-impfungen/resis ... more
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Monitoring and managing insecticide resistance in Aedes mosquito populations, Interim guidance for entomologists, 8 March 2016

World Health Organization WHO (2016) C_WHO
The use of safe and efficacious insecticides against the adult and larval populations of mosquito vectors is one of the most effective ways to rapidly interrupt transmission of Zika virus, as well as other viruses transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes such as chikungunya and dengue.
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Report National Tuberculosis Drug Resistance Survey, 2006-2007

National Center for TB and Leprosy Control (CENAT) , Cambodia (2011) CC
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Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance in Cameroon

The Cameroon Academy of Sciences (2013) CC
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Guidelines on the public health response to pretreatment HIV drug resistance

A. Lycett; D. Breuer; F. Verde; et al. World Health Organization (2017) C_WHO
Guidelines HIV drug resistance July 2017
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Take action on antibiotic resistance. Toolbox

ReAct (2016) C1
The aim of the Toolbox is to provide inspiration and guidance on what can be done to address the pressing issue, based on scientific evidence and experiences gathered from those working in the field across the globe. The Toolbox is built on what has been done in the past in a variety of settings and ... more
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National Strategy on HIV Drug Resistance Monitoring and Surveillance in Nepal 2014-2020
recommended

Government of Nepal Ministry of Health and Population Department of Health Services, National Centre for AIDS and STD Control (2014) C_WHO
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HIV Drug Resistance Early Warning Indicators Survey in Ethiopia 2013/2014

Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia, Ministry of Health (2014) C1
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Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System

World Health Organization WHO (2015) C_WHO
Manual for Early Implementation
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Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System. Chinese Version

World Health Organization WHO (2015) C_WHO
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Integrated surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in foodborne bacteria

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C_WHO
Application of a One Health approach . The present guidance was developed with the support of the WHO Advisory Group on Integrated Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance (AGISAR) to assist countries and other stakeholders in the establishment and ... more
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Anti-Tuberculosis drug resistance in the world

World Health Organization; Stop TB Department (2008) C_WHO
Tuberculosis MDR-TB & XDR-TB The 2008 Report
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Anti-tuberculosis drug resistance among tuberculosis patients in Ukraine and risk factors for MDR-TB

World Health Organization Europe (2016) C_WHO
Results of the first national survey, 2013–2014
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Infection prevention, control and surveillance: Limiting the development and spread of drug-resistance

O’Neill, J. Review on Antimicrobial Resistance (2016) C1
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Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Nigeria

Federal Ministries of Agriculture, Environment and Health (2017) C2
SITUATION ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
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Surveillance of HIV drug resistance in children newly diagnosed with HIV by early infant diagnosis. Concepte Note

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C_WHO
This concept note describes the methods used to assess the prevalence of any HIVDR and HIVDR by PMTCT exposure among children less than 18 months of age using remnant dried blood spot specimens from early infant diagnosis over a 12-month period
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How Antimicrobial Resistance will impact your future and your community

Joel Ecumenical Pharmaceutical Network (2015) C1
Take Action on Antimicrobial Resistance.For students in college and university This is a booklet that is suitable for readers with a developed intellect. It is well summarized in a way that captures the most important facts to remember and actions ... more
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Development of antibiotic resistance has serious consequences. Booklet for farmers

L. Bebora and P. Gathumbi Ecumenical Pharmaceutical Network (2015) C1
Take Action on Antimicrobial Resistance. For Farmers
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Development of antibiotic resistance has serious consequences. For Veterinarians and veterinarians students

L. Bebora and P. Gathumbi Ecumenical Pharmaceutical Network (2015) C1
Take Action on Antimicrobial Resistance. For Veterinarians and Veterinarian students
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A guide for surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in leprosy: 2017 update
recommended

E. A. Cooreman WHO SEARODepartment of Control of Neglected Tropical Diseases (2017) C_WHO
In case of resistance to rifampicin, fluoroquinolones become the preferred category of second-line drugs. Unfortunately, quinolone-resistant strains of Mycobacterium leprae have also been reported in several countries, probably due to the extensive ... more
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Antimicrobial Stewardship: Managing Antibiotic Resistance

University of Dundee, British Society of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Future Learn (2018) CC
Designed for healthcare professionals, this six-week course will inform you about – and empower you to provide – safe, high-quality antibiotic use. You’ll interact with colleagues globally, to understand what antibiotic resistance means – an ... more
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Tackling antimicrobial resistance (AMT) together. Working Paper 1.0: Multisectoral coordination

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO
This working paper was conceived to offer practical tips and suggestions on how to establish and sustain the multisectoral coordination needed to develop and implement National Action Plans on AMR (NAPs). It is intended for anyone with responsibility for addressing AMR at country level. Drawing on b ... more
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HIV drug resistance report 2021

World Health Organization (WHO) (2021) C_WHO
The HIV drug resistance report 2021 summarizes findings from 38 countries that had finalized the surveys by the time of this report and shared data with WHO. Pretreatment HIVDR to non-nucleoside reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) can affect ... more
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Cadre conceptuel d’un plan national de suivi et de gestion de la résistance aux insecticides chez les vecteurs du paludisme

Organisation mondiale de la Santé (OMS) (2017) C_WHO
L’ampleur de la résistance aux insecticides chez les vecteurs du paludisme met en péril l’efficacité des programmes de lutte anti-vectorielle. Si cette résistance n’est pas atténuée, le ... more
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HIV drug resistance patterns in pregnant women using next generation sequence in Mozambique

Rupérez et al. (2018) CC
This study aimed to understand the patterns of HIV drug resistance in pregnant women in Mozambique. This might help in tailoring optimal regimens for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (pMTCT) and antenatal care.
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis resistance to antituberculosis drugs in Mozambique

Germano MP, Elena F, Ndlovu N et al (2013) CC
This study aimed to determine the drug resistance profile of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Mozambique and concludes that M. tuberculosis resistance to antituberculosis drugs is high in Mozambique, e ... more
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Global report on insecticide resistance in malaria vectors: 2010–2016

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO
As of October 2017, the global database comprised almost 30 000 records, including results from bioassays to measure phenotypic resistance, and biochemical and molecular tests for resistance mechani ... more
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South African Antimicrobial Resistance National Strategy Framework. A One Health Approach 2018 – 2024

Dept. of Health ; Dept of Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries, South Africa (2018) C1
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Surveillance for Antimicrobial Resistance

Ministerial Advisory Committee on Antimicrobial Resistance National Dept. of Health, South Africa (2017)
Guide to access the National AMR Surveillance Dashboard
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Surveillance for Antimicrobial Resistance and Consumption of Antibiotics in South Africa

National Dept. of Health, South Africa (2019) C2
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The Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance Using Public Health Laboratory-Based Sentinel Sites in Ethiopia 2016-2020

The Ethiopian Public Health Institute (2017) CC
Ethiopia Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Plan
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WHO/HIVRESNET HIV drug resistance - laboratory operational framework

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
The aim of the operational framework is to ensure 1) accurate collection, handling, shipment and storage of specimens collected in countries implementing HIV drug resistance surveillance; and 2) the availability of quality-assured HIV genotyping lab ... more
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AMR and HIV Drug resistance

L. Tayler World Health Organization; GHSA (2016) C_WHO
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HIV drug resistance surveillance in countries scaling up pre-exposure prophylaxis

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
WHO recommends that pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) be offered as an additional prevention choice for HIV-negative individuals at substantial risk of HIV infection as part of combination prevention approaches. HIV drug resistance has been rarely ... more
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Pretreatment drug resistance and new treatment paradigms in firstline ART

Moorhouse, M. Southern African HIV Cinicans Society (2018) C2
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Tackling HIV Drug Resistance: Trends, guidelines and global action

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C_WHO
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Curbing Antimicrobial Resistance in Food Animal Production

Johns Hopkins Center for a Livable Future (2016) C2
Antimicrobials are widely used in food animal production, and use is rapidly increasing. In an era of growing demand for animal products, there is an increasing trend towards the industrial production of food animals, especially in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs). One hallmark of this me ... more
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Review of Evidence on Antimicrobial Resistance and Animal Agriculture in Developing Countries

Grace, D. International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI) (2015) C2
This short paper aims to identify key evidence gaps in our knowledge of livestock- and fisheries-linked antimicrobial resistance in the developing world, and to document on-going or planned research initiatives on this topic by key stakeholders. Th ... more
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Tackling antimicrobial use and resistance in pig production: lessons learned in Denmark

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2019) C2
This publication describes an arduous campaign to tackle the use of antimicrobials - specifically antibiotics - in the Danish swine-producing sector thanks to the collaboration between the regulatory sector within the Ministry of Environment and Food, private veterinary practitioners and swine produ ... more
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Addressing the antibiotic resistance threat– the role of water, sanitation and hygiene

ReAct (2020) C2
Antibiotic resistant bacteria are spreading at an alarming rate and some bacterial infections may once again be untreatable. Antibiotic resistance (ABR), conservatively calculated, causes more than 500 000 deaths every year. This number is projected ... more
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Patient brochure about antibiotic resistance

European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2019) C_CDC
A patient leaflet for primary care prescribers to hand out to patients: it explains to patients what antibiotic resistance is and why appropriate use of antibiotics is important.
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Food safety and antimicrobial resistance research: A One Health perspective

Hung Nguyen-Viet International Livestock Research Institute ILRI (2019) C2
Food safety and antimicrobial resistance research: A One Health perspective. Presented at the Emerging Pathogens Institute Seminar Series, Gainesville, Florida, 26 July 2019
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Fighting antimicrobial resistance - The contribution of pharmacists

International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) (2015) C2
The International Pharmaceutical Federation (FIP) is a global federation of national associations of pharmacists and pharmaceutical scientists. In order to support these associations in their fight against AMR, FIP has prepared this briefing document. It is an overview of the different activities ... more
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Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS)

World Health Organization WHO (2019) C_WHO
The Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) is a platform for global data sharing on antimicrobial resistance worldwide. It has been launched by WHO as part of the implementation ... more
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National Action Plan Antimicrobial Resistance Containment in Bangladesh

Communicable Disease Control Program (CDC), Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) (2017) C_CDC
In concordance with the global and WHO activities on ARC, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MoHFW) in Bangladesh has come forward and initiative was taken to conduct program for containment of antimicrobial resistance in Bangladesh. Directo ... more
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Fiji National Antimicrobial Resistance Action Plan

The Government of Fiji (2015) C2
AMR is a serious and growing global problem. A WHO report released in 2014 stated that this serious threat is no longer a prediction for the future it is happening now in every region of the world and has potential to affect anyone, of any age in any community – a real threat to the public health. ... more
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Uganda: Antimicrobial Resistance National Action Plan 2018-2023

Government of Uganda (2018) C2
The current trend in AMR in Uganda and globally is rising and calls for immediate action. The 71st UN General Assembly (UNGA), the 68th World Health Assembly, and organizations including the World Health Organization (WHO), the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), and the World Organization for ... more
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Nepal: National Antimicrobial Resistance Containment Action Plan 2016

Department of Health Services Ministry of Health Nepal (2016) C2
Antibiotics have been a critical public health tool since the discovery of Penicillin in 1928, saving the lives of millions of people around the world. In developing country like ours, where the burden of treatable disease is very high and access to health facilities and laboratories is difficult, a ... more
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Integrated Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Bacteria:Application of a One Health Approach

World Health Organization WHO (2017) C_WHO
The purpose of this guidance is to assist WHO Member States, and other stakeholders, in the establishment and development of programmes of integrated surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in foodborne bacteria (i.e., bacteria commonly transmitted ... more
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A conceptual framework for the environmental surveillance of antibiotics and antibiotic resistance

Patricia M.C. Huijbers, Carl-Fredrik Flach, D.G. Joakim Larsson Centre for Antibiotic Resistance Research (CARe), University of Gothenburg (2019) C2
The systematic surveillance of antibiotic use and antibiotic re-sistance prevalence in humans and animals is imperative for managingbacterial infectious disease (JPIAMR, 2019;WHO, 2015). Many low-income countries currently face substantial challenges in building national surveillance systems due to ... more
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Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) Guide

World Health Organization WHO (2016) C_WHO
Guide to enrolment for antimicrobial resistance national focal points
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Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS): Molecular methods

World Health Organization WHO (2019) C_WHO
Molecular methods for antimicrobial resistance (AMR)diagnostics to enhance the Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System
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Resource mobilisation for antimicrobial resistance (AMR): Getting AMR into plans and budgets of government and development partners / Ghana country level report

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO
The Ghanaian Cabinet approved the antimicrobial resistance (AMR)Policy and Implementation plan(hereafter referred to as the national action plan or NAP)in December 2017, whilst the country case study was in progress. This has set in motion the impl ... more
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Resource mobilisation for Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR): Getting AMR into plans and budgets of government and development partners / Nigeria country level report

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO
The most significant finding of the case study for integrating antimicrobial resistance (AMR)into existing programs and mobilising resources for funding in Nigeria, is that most of the AMR activities within the Nigerian National Actio ... more
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Combattre la résistance aux antimicrobiens ensemble: Document de travail 1.0: Coordination multisectorielle

World Health Organization WHO (2019) C_WHO
Le présent document de travail a été conçu pour offrir des conseils pratiqueset des suggestions sur la manièred’établir et de maintenir la collaboration multisectorielle nécessaire pour élaborer et mettre en œuvre les plans d’action nationaux (PAN) de lutte contre la RAM. Il s’adresse ... more
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Tackling Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Together Working Paper 1.0: Multisectoral coordination

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO
This working paper was conceived to offer practical tips and suggestions on how to establish and sustain the multisectoral coordination needed to develop and implement National Action Plans on AMR (NAPs). It is intended for anyone with responsibility for addressing AMR at country level. Drawing on b ... more
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Factsheet for experts​​​​ - Antimicrobial resistance

European Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ECDC (2019) CC
Nosocomial infections and antimicrobial resistance are two special health issues listed in Annex 1 of Commission Decision 2000/96/EC of 22 December 1999 on the communicable diseases to be progressively covered by the Community network under Decision ... more
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Course: Antibiotic Resistance – The Silent Tsunami
recommended

ReAct (2019) C2
This course is designed for anyone with an interest in antibiotic resistance, no matter if you are a member of the public, a student, a health professional or any other expert. Our focus is to provide an overview of antibiotic ... more
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Reducing Antimicrobial Resistance and Hospital-Associated Infections: The Role of the Hospitalist

Dressler D. D., MD, MSc Director OF Society of Hospital Medicine (2005) CC
While infections that develop during hospitalization may appear to be an uncommon but recognized risk of hospital care today, the incidence of these infections has been increasing dramatically during the last 2 to 3 decades, and the risk of acquiring an organism that is resistant to 1 or more antibi ... more
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The global threat of antibiotic resistance

ReAct (2019) C2
A short movie about the history and the current status of antibiotics from the four week online course: Antibiotic Resistance: the silent tsunami, produced by ReAct and Uppsala University, Sweden.
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Situation Analysis Antibiotic Use and Resistance in India

Public Health Foundation India (2011) C2
The infectious disease burden in India is among the highest in the world. A large amount of antibiot-ics are consumed in fighting infections, some of them saving lives, but every use adding to antibiotic resistance in bacteria. Antibiotic use i ... more
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Overview of the antimicrobial resistance surveillance systems for Ghana, Malawi, Nepal and Nigeria

Dacombe R., I. Bates, B. Gopul et al. Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (2016) C2
This study addresses part of the Terms of Reference for a scoping report ‘An analysis of approaches to laboratory capacity strengthening for drug resistant infections in low and middle income countries’. It has been produced as a separate report because it is also very relevant for a second stud ... more
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Prevalence and Antibiotic Resistance of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia in Respiratory Tract Samples: A 10-Year Epidemiological Snapshot

Gajda M., E. Urban (2019) CC
Stenotrophomonas maltophiliais a nonfermenting Gram-negative rod that is ubiquitous in nature (predominantly occurring in aquatic environments and on plants). Biochemically, it iscatalase positive and oxidase negative, and it produces acid frommaltose (hence the name“maltophilia”). Due to it ... more
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Q&A: Antibiotic resistance: where does it come from and what can we do about it?

Wright G.D. BMC Biology (2010) C2
Historically, the discovery of the sulfa drugs in the 1930s and the subsequent development of penicillin during World War II ushered in a new era in the treatment of infectious diseases. Infections that were common causes of death and disease in the pre- ... more
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Situation Analysis and Recommendation: Antibiotic Use and Resistance in Tanzania

Aboud S., R. Mdegela Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership—Tanzania Working Group (2015) C2
Antibiotics and other antimicrobial agents are invaluable life savers, particularly in resource-limited countries where infectious diseases are abundant. Both uncomplicated and severe infections are potentially curable as long as the aetiological agents are susceptible to the ... more
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Situational Analysis of Antimicrobial Use and Resistance in Humans and Animals in Zimbabwe

The Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy CDDEP (2017) C2
This situation analysis has gathered information about the current state of AMR, contributing factors and antimicrobial use in Zimbabwe from the human, animal, agricultural and environmental sectors. Data has been gathered from different sectors such as the general public, academia, the Ministry of ... more
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Situation Analysis: Antibiotic Use and Resistance in Vietnam

The Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy CDDEP (2010) C2
The Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP) aims to address the challenge of antibiotic resistance by developing actionable Policy Proposals in Vietnam and four other low- and middle-income ... more
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Situational Analysis Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in Pakistan

The Center for Disease Dynamics, Economics & Policy CDDEP (2016) C2
Pakistan Global Antibiotic Resistance Partnership (GARP) was formed in the wake of international and national efforts for AMR curtailment. A group of experts from microbiology, infectious diseases and veterinary medicine ... more
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Situation Analysis and Recommendations: Antibiotic Use and Resistance in Kenya

Kenya Medical Research Institute (2011) C2
In Kenya, the bacterial infections that contribute most to human disease are often those in which re-­‐sistance is most evident. Examples are multidrug-­‐resistant enteric bacterial pathogens such as typhoid, ... more
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Global Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (GLASS) Report: Early implementation

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO
The global emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is posing a threat to human health. Putting resources into the containment of AMR – including surveillance – is one of the highest-yield investments a country can make to mitigate its impact ... more
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Republic of South Africa: Antimicrobial Resistance National Strategy Framework 2018 – 2024

Departments of Health and Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries for the Republic of South Africa (2014) C_WHO
The National Department of Health and Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries have collectively engaged to determine the key interventions that will form the basis for this strategy taking into account the recommendations from the WHO and OIE. The development and implementation of a Natio ... more
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National Strategy for Containment of Antimicrobial Resistance in Turkmenistan

MINSITRY OF HEALTH AND MEDICAL INDUSTRY OF TURKMENISTAN (2018) C_WHO
Spread of resistance to antimicrobial agents (AMR) does not know national borders and has reached dimensions, which require immediate actions at the national, regional and global levels. Antibiotic resist ... more
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Tackling Antimicrobial Resistance

EuroHealth Observer European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies Eurostation (2020) C2
The focus of the current quarterly edition of Eurohealth (from the European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies) is Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) and contains the following articles: • Strengthening implementation of AMR national ac ... more
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Neisseria gonorrhoeae Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance: Consolidated Guidance

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
Prevention, early diagnosis, and effective treatment are essential for the control and elimination of Neisseria gonorrhoeae as a public health problem. Currently, in Latin America and the Caribbean, treatment for gonorrhea infection is largely empiric and based on clinical diagnosis. In the Americas ... more
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WHO manual for HIV drug resistance testing using dried blood spot specimens

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
HIV-1 drug resistance (HIVDR) genotyping is an essential component of the WHO global HIVDR surveillance strategy. Plasma “gold standard” specimen type for HIVDR genotyping, but its use may not be feasible in rural, remote areas in low- and middl ... more
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Report on antimalarial drug efficacy, resistance and response: 10 years of surveillance (2010-2019)

World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO
Antimalarial drug resistance has emerged as a threat to global malaria control efforts, particularly in the Greater Mekong subregion. Drawing on data collected through more than 1000 therapeutic efficacy studies as well as molecular marker studies o ... more
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Animation of Antimicrobial Resistance

U.S. Food and Drug Administration (2020) CC
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Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) Report: 2021

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO
9 June 2021 Since its launch, GLASS has expanded in scope and coverage and as of May 2021, 109 countries and territories worldwide have enrolled in GLASS. A key new component in GLASS is the inclusion of antimicrobial consumption (AMC) surveillance at the national level highlighted in this fourth G ... more
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HIV drug resistance strategy, 2021 update

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO
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Global Research on AntiMicrobial resistance (GRAM) Project

Institute of Health Metrics and Evaluations (2022) CC
The purpose of the Global Research on AntiMicrobial resistance (GRAM) Project is to generate accurate and timely estimates of the magnitude and trends in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) burden across ... more
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Understanding antimicrobial resistance in food and agriculture

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2022) C1
This course offers an overview of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a global threat to human, animal and environmental health, and explains the role of the food and agriculture sector, and the impact of AMR on agrifood systems. It also describes how ... more
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Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Europe 2020 data: executive summary

World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Europe (2021) C_WHO
Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance in Europe 2020 data: executive summary
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WHO strategic priorities on antimicrobial resistance: preserving antimicrobials for today and tomorrow (Arabic Version)

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO