Recognition, Assessment and Treatment
National Clinical Guideline Number 159
How to recognise Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder | The nature and cause of
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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder | Treatment and referral | Sources of further information | Compiled by the Scientific & Advisory Board Members of the South African Depression & Anxiety Group, and reviewed by the MRC Research Unit on Anxiety and Stress Disorders
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Post-traumatic symptoms in Ghanaian children. Thesis for Master of Philosophy in Peace and Conflict Studies (PECOS). This study investigated whether Ghanaian children exposed to low intensity warfar
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e experience symptoms of PTSD as described in the DSM-IV. It also aimed to find out if there are culturally-specific ways of displaying the symptoms and in dealing with the trauma.
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After a frightening or distressing experience (any kind of injury, a physical or sexual assault, car crash, fire, or other natural disaster), a child or teen may suffer psychological
stress in addition to any physical injuries.
When these reaction
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s last for more than a month and are strong enough to affect a child's or teen's everyday functioning, that child may be diagnosed as having Post- Traumatic Stress Disorder or PTSD.
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Lancet Planet Health 2019; 3: e93–101
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents occurs when a child is exposed
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to one or more events that are unexpected, uncontrollable, life-threatening, and likely to cause serious harm or injury to himself/herself or someone significantly important to the child. In response, the child experiences fear, hopelessness, or horror and responds with a characteristic set of physiological and psychological reactions, which perpetuates the overwhelming and confusing feelings. Symptoms are characterized into three groups: persistent, intrusive re-experiencing of traumatic recollections; avoidance of reminders/numbing; and increased arousal.
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No one wants the words “post-traumatic stress disorder” and “children” to appear in the
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same sentence. But recent events like the Sandy Hook elementary school shooting are reminders that children as well as adults can be exposed to events that cause this debilitating but highly treatable mental illness.Previous posts in this series explained why I advocate for children with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), explored 5 myths and misconceptions about PTSD in children, and defined both trauma and PTSD from a child’s point of view. This post explores some of the causes of PTSD in kids.
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Brochure on PTSD: If you are like many South Africans and have been the victim of violent crime, abuse, accidents, loss, or illness, you may be suffering from a very real illness – Post Traumatic
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Stress Disorder or PTSD. Many victims of trauma in South Africa don’t get help because they feel embarrassed, they think that acting brave and tough is the ‘manly’ thing to do, they have seen so much violence that they feel ‘numb’, or they refuse to believe what happened.
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Objective: This study examined the experiential factors and interacting vulnerabilities that contribute to the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents
Am J P
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sychiatry 2000; 157:1229–1235)
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NSW Disaster Mental Health Handbook 5
The Disaster Mental Health Manual and associated handbooks are intended as a resource for mental health staff who are seeking background information and practical guidance and resources to assist in a disaster mental health response.
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is an anxiety
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disorder that can develop after experiencing or witnessing a major trauma. Children and teens with PTSD can have a number of symptoms after a trauma that fall into three categories: (1) Reliving the trauma in some way; (2) Attempts to avoid anything that reminds the child or teen of the trauma; (3) Very high anxiety (also called "hyperarousal") and being easily startled. Children and teens with PTSD usually have some symptoms from each of these categories.
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This brochure will briefly look at childhood trauma and PTSD, discussing the symptoms that may be seen in children and adults, as well as discussing some treatment options. If you do read this brochure and feel that your experiences and current symptoms match those of PTSD then we encourage you to s
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eek help from a medical professional as soon as possible. Please also consider that certain aspects discussed in this brochure may act as a trigger for those already experiencing PTSD or PTSD like symptoms. Please be aware of this and stop reading if you feel the brochure is upsetting you.
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Factsheet on PTSD | Most of us have had frightening experiences. Often we think about them long after the event. For some people, these distressing thoughts or images persist, as well as other symptoms such as a strong sense of threat, feeling emotionally numb, and irritability. If these reactions o
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ccur frequently, last at least a month, and interfere with daily functioning, the person may be suffering from PTSD.
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Purpose of review: We review recent evidence regarding risk factors for childhood posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and treatment outcome studies from 2010 to 2012 including dissemination studies
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, early intervention studies and studies involving preschool children.
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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in children and adolescents occurs as a result of a child’s exposure to one or more traumatic events: actual or threatened death, serious injury, or sexual vio
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lence. The victim may experience the event, witness it, learn about it from close family members or friends, or experience repeated or extreme exposure to aversive details of the event. Potentially traumatic events include physical or sexual assaults, natural disasters, and accidents.
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The new guide provides practical, first-line management recommendations for mental, neurological and substance use conditions. Contents include modules on assessing and managing conditions such as acute stress, grief, moderate-severe depressive
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disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, epilepsy, and harmful use of alcohol and drugs.
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Accessed online Feburary 2019 | Website providing information about PTSD including: What is it? | How do I know? Signs and Symptoms | What can be done? Getting help | Where to from here?
How can parents and other adults help children and teens living with undiagnosed, untreated PTSD find the help they need? An understanding of the symptoms of PTSD is a good place to start. Some of the symptoms in children and teens are the same as those for babies and toddlers. These include hypervi
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gilance, emotional distress when reminded of the initial trauma, fear or avoidance of places that remind them of the event, nightmares, and other sleep issues.
But other symptoms are more common in children over the age of 3 and into the teen years. This article focuses on those symptoms.
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The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the domestic care environment on the prevalence of potentially traumatic events (PTEs) and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) among orphaned an
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d separated children in Uasin Gishu County, western Kenya.
PLos One March 2014 | Volume 9 | Issue 3 | e89937
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The nature of humanitarian work has also drastically changed over the last
decade. Humanitarian workers have paid dearly in the face of violence and
terrorism. Burn out and after-effects of traumatic experiences constitute a
major risk for humanitarian workers. After ten years of experience with
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stress, the Psychological Support Programme (PSP) team emphasizes
the importance of efficient stress management.
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