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The rise of the discourse of 'trauma' as a major articulator of suffering within Western culture is a facet of the medicalization of life that has gathered pace in the last century. In recent years, Western mental health professionals have been increasingly involved in services addressing the plight ... more
Childhood obesity is a major public health problem globally, which could undermine progress towards achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Prevention is recognized as the most efficient means of curbing the epidemic; however, given the scale o ... more
The WHO Regional Office for Europe has established the Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative in more than half the countries in the Region for routine monitoring of the policy response to the emerging obesity epidemic. The aim of the Initiative ... more
The WHO Regional Office for Europe has established the Childhood Obesity Surveillance Initiative in more than half thecountries in the Region for routine monitoring of the policy response to the emerging obesity epidemic. The aim of the system is to ... more
Recommendations on action and research for: a) preventing early pregnancy b) preventing poor reproductive outcomes
Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karykram (RBSK). Operational Guidelines

A Framework for Integrating Childhood Tuberculosis into Community-based Child Health Care

Detjen A, Gnanashanmugam D, Talens A International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union), CORE Group (2013) C_WHO
The IMCI model handbook provides a detailed explanation of the IMCI case management guidelines. It is organized into seven main parts: overview of the IMCI process; assess and classify the sick child age 2 months up to 5 years; assess and classify the sick young infant age 1 week up to 2 months; ide ... more
Evidence for technical update of pocket book recommendations. Newborn conditions, dysentery, pneumonia, oxygen use and delivery, common causes of fever, severe acute malnutrition and supportive care
Documentation of Best Practices and Bottlenecks to Program Implementation in Senegal SUMMARY REPORT Accessed at March 2014
Lancet 2013; 381: 1405–16 Series: Childhood Pneumonia and Diarrhoea no.1
2nd edition. Known as “Community Case Management of Sick Children” (CCM), this approach sends community-based health workers out to find, diagnose, and successfully treat sick children, in partnership with their families. Inspired by the classic “Immunization Essentials”, this guide methodic ... more
Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016 Jul 1; (6): 1–61 -Published online 2016 July 1
Accessed November 2017
Improving the management of childhood tuberculosis within national tuberculosis programmes: research priorities based on a literature review WHO/HTM/TB/2007.381, 07.02
Accessed January 22, 2019. This updated version include important research that has added to our knowledge about effective treatments for child and adolescent depression. Its goal is to help parents and families make informed decisions about getting the best care for a child with depression. For ... more
Other disorders Chapter H.5
These Blended Learning Modules cover the full range of health promotion, disease prevention, basic management and essential treatment protocols to improve and protect the health of rural communities in Ethiopia. A strong focus is on enabling Ethiopia to meet the Millennium Development Goals to reduc ... more
Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) is an integrated approach to child health that focuses on the holistic well-being of the child. IMCI aims to reduce death, illness and disability, and to promote improved growth and development among ... more

Guideline on Inclusive Disaster Risk Reduction: Early Warning and Accessible Broadcasting

Dion, Betty; Qureshi, Aqeel Global Alliance on Accessible Technologies and Environments (GAATES), Asia Pacific Broadcasting Union, Asia Disaster Preparedness Center (2014) C1
- Build community resilience to coastal hazards by improving capacity of inclusive disaster management systems.
- Reduce the mortality rate of persons with disabilities in situations of risk.
- Raise awareness about inclusive policies, practices and disaster risk reduction strategies that ... more
he aetiology of asthma and allergic disease remains poorly understood, despite considerable research. The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), was founded to maximize the value of epidemiological research into asthma and ... more
Since December 2010, Malaria Consortium has been implementing an innovative approach to community management of severe acute malnutrition, together with an existing integrated community case management (ICCM) programme in South Sudan. This learning paper considers Malaria Consortiums experience of t ... more
The document "Pocketbook for Management of Diabetes in Childhood and Adolescence in Under-Resourced Countries" (2nd Edition) provides practical guidelines for managing diabetes in children and adolescents, particularly in resource-limited settings. ... more
Introduction Chapter A.2
Arabic Analysis on World about Food and Nutrition; published on 22 Sep 2021 by UNICEF. Available in different languages
Nearly 260 000 people died in parts of Somalia between October 2010 and April 2012, including 133 000 children under five during the famine and food crisis in Somalia making it the worst famine in history. A study commissioned and funded by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Natio ... more
The United Nations Secretary-General, António Guterres, echoed the concerns of people and organisations around the world when he recently referred to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on schooling as a ‘generational catastrophe’. .
Findings from this report reveal that, rates of early marriage are high, a significant percentage of children contribute to the household’s income or are its main source of income, and restrictions on the mobility of women and girls constrain thei ... more
Understanding and building resilience to early life trauma in Belarus and Ukraine In 2018 and early 2019, the WHO Regional Office for Europe’s cultural contexts of health and well-being project w ... more
Early Essential Newborn Care (EENC) Module 2.
Preventing Physical Impairment in Childhood CBM Strategy Overview | Laminated flip charts | These are the main implementing tools in the prevention program, developed as A4 sized booklets which can be carried easily. They constitute the basic inform ... more
Handbook on pregnancy, childbirth, childhood illnesses, child development and the care of children. The handbook, Facts for Life, provides vital messages and information for mothers, fathers, other family members and caregivers and communities to us ... more
Malnutrition in childhood and pregnancy has many adverse consequences for child survival and long-term well-being. It also has far-reaching consequences for human capital, economic productivity, and national development overall. The consequences o ... more
Archives of Disease in Childhood 2021;106:238-240.
DIAGNOSING PTSD IN CHILDHOOD | The following literature review addresses the developmental and domain-specific consequences of previous and current diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in pre-adolescent children. PTSD was int ... more
Abridge Course for Physicians. Facilitator guide for modules, Integrated Management of Neonatal and Childhood Illness (IMNCI)
Integrated management of childhood illness. The last update was in the IMCI chart booklet in 2014, but since then there have been significant updates on the management of sick young infant (SYI) aged up to 2 months. This 2019 update of the sick youn ... more
Asthma is the commonest chronic childhood disease and encompasses a spectrum of airway diseases with similar symptoms. Inaccurate diagnosis remains common, especially in younger children, with failure to characterize the different “asthmas.” Chi ... more
Guidance | Preparedness - Response and early recovery - Recovery and reconstruction
Guidance | Preparedness - Response and early recovery - Recovery and reconstruction
Updates for the integrated management of childhood illness (IMCI) - Guideline. As part of its response to the global epidemic of obesity, WHO has issued guidelines to support primary healthcare workers identify and manage children who are overweigh ... more
This Review summarizes many of the persistent biological alterations associated with childhood maltreatment including changes in neuroendocrine and neurotransmitter systems and pro-inflammatory cytokines in addition to specific alterations in brain ... more
One of the main aims of the WHO Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer and the CureAll Americas framework is to strengthen centers of excellence and promote the training of the health workforce, especially pediatric oncology nurses, specialized in n ... more
Guidelines for the Management of common childhood Illness. 2nd edition These guidelines focus on the management of the major causes of childhood mortality in most developing countries, such as newb ... more
Guidance | Preparedness - Response and early recovery - Recovery and reconstruction
These Guidelines are intended to provide knowledge to the treating ophthalmologists, pediatricians, ocular oncologists, pediatric oncologists, and general physicians to arrive at an early diagnosis of retinoblastoma in the settings of district hospi ... more
This technical report has been developed within the framework of the WHO Global Initiative for Childhood Cancer. Its goal is to improve the situation of children and adolescents with cancer worldwide, giving them the best chances of survival, livi ... more
The Kabeho Mwana project (2006–2011) supported the Rwanda Ministry of Health (MOH) in scaling up integrated community case management (iCCM) of childhood illness in 6 of Rwanda’s 30 districts. The project trained and equipped community health wo ... more

Chronic HIV Care with ARV Therapy and Prevention

World Health Organization (2007) C_WHO
Integrated Management of Adolescent and Adult Illness Integrated Management of Childhood Illness Interim Guidelines for health workers at health centre or district hospital outpatient clinic
The Mtoto Mwerevu Stunting Reduction Toolkit is a resource for government and organisations involved in addressing stunting and broader nutrition issues in Tanzania. The toolkit was developed in conjunction with the Government of Tanzania (GoT) with funding from UK Aid as part of the Addressing Stun ... more
The new WHO guidelines recommend that people living with HIV be started on antiretrovirals (ARVs) as soon as possible after being diagnosed. Currently, many people living with the virus globally must wait until their CD4 counts fall to 500 to start treatment. According to the WHO, the move to ... more
Census Report Volume 4-B
In the 2014 Census, early-age mortality was measured from the responses to two simple retrospective questions on childbearing addressed to ever-married women aged 15 and over. These questions referred to how many live c ... more
Q1: What are the effective maternal mental health interventions to prevent developmental problems in early infancy?
Over 2 million children worldwide are living with HIV infection and 95% reside in sub-Saharan Africa with the majority infected through mother-to-child transmission. Infected children have a high mortality with 50% dying by 2 years of age. Their clinical presentation includes common ... more
The global prevalence, morbidity and mortality related to childhood asthma among children has increased significantly over the last 40 years. Although asthma is recognized as the most common chronic disease in children, issues of underdiagnosis and ... more
The main objective of the 2014-15 RDHS was to obtain current information on demographic and health indicators, including family planning; maternal mortality; infant and child mortality; nutrition status of mothers and children; prenatal care, delivery, and postnatal care; ... more
This Practice Parameter reviews the evidence from research and clinical experience and highlights significant advances in the assessment and treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder since the previous Parameter was published in 1998. It highlights the importance of ... more
The DHS report itself explains the purpose was, “to obtain and provide information on basic indicators of social progress including fertility, childhood mortality, reproductive and child health, nutritional status of children, and awareness of HIV ... more
The technical note calls for raising awareness among practitioners and policymakers about the importance of strong tobacco control measures for protecting the health and development of children, including banning tobacco advertising, implementing 100% smoke-free environments and raising taxes on tob ... more
UNICEF Syria’s series of think pieces. Every day counts. An outlook on child protection for the most vulnerable children in Syria.To navigate the complex and continuously changing context and attain sustainable results for children, UNICEF – along with other UN agencies - seeks to make a shift i ... more
This WHO Guidance Note advocates for a comprehensive approach to cervical cancer prevention and control and is aimed at senior policy makers and programme managers. It describes the need to deliver effective interventions across the female life course from ... more
In 2016 CRS leveraged the robust infrastructure of its large, multi-sectoral orphans and vulnerable children (OVC) program in Nigeria by expanding the program's core mandate to include community childhood TB casefinding, with a focus on highly vulne ... more
While the full extent of Cyclone Ida’s impact is still being assessed, early reports indicate significant damage to infrastructure and livelihoods, with an estimated 3,000km2 of land submerged. Preliminary government reports as of 24 March indicat ... more
The guide is especially appropriate for settings where the provision of medical, diagnostic and support services is sparse or lacking. It covers adult and child mental health problems, as well as childhood developmental disorders. It includes inform ... more
Using Epidemiology to Support Primary Health Care. Updated version of the WHO handbook published in the early 1990's entitled: Manual of Epidemiology for District Health Management or those with an interest in applied epidemiology in primary health ... more
Shortages of healthcare workers is detrimental to the health of communities, especially children. This paper describes the process of capacity building Community Health Volunteers (CHVs) to deliver integrated preventive and curative package of care of services to manage common ... more
Child marriage and female genital mutilation (FGM) threaten the well-being of millions of girls around the world. Both have existed for generations, as manifestations of gender inequality, and have been propagated by discriminatory norms that devalue girls. In many countries where both child marriag ... more
The WHO estimates that 19 million children aged 15 years or younger are visually impaired. Of these, 1.4 million are irreversibly blind and need visual rehabilitation interventions for full psychological and personal development. The remainder have visual problems that could be prevented or treated. ... more
Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible blindness globally. In Malawi, glaucoma accounts for 15.8% of the blindness among people aged 50 years and above. Blindness from glaucoma is preventable with early detection and timely treatment. However, ... more
Specific action sheets offer useful guidance on mental health and psychosocial support and cover the following areas coordination assessment monitoring and evaluation protection and human rights standards human resources community mobilisation and support health services education dissemination of i ... more

Reproductive, Maternal, Newborn, and Child Health

Robert E. Black, Ramanan Laxminarayan, Marleen Temmerman; et al. International Bank for Reconstruction and Development The World Bank (2016) CC
Disease Control Priorities –3rdEdition, Volume 2. This book focuses on maternal conditions, childhood illness, and malnutrition. Specifically, the chapters address acute illness and undernutrition in children, principally under age 5. It also cov ... more
Testing and diagnosis of hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) infection is the gateway for access to both prevention and treatment services, and is a crucial component of an effective response to the hepatitis epidemic. Early identification of persons with ... more
These standards for the quality of paediatric care in health facilities form part of normative guidance for improving the quality of maternal, newborn, child and adolescent health care. In view of the importance of the continuum of both the life-course and service delivery (1), these standards bu ... more
The 2015-16 MDHS is a national sample survey that provides up-to-date information on fertility levels; marriage; fertility preferences; awareness and use of family planning methods; child feeding practices; nutrition; adult and childhood mortality; ... more
The impact of maternal mental health problems on infants in high income countries has been identified mostly in terms of psychosocial and emotional development, thanks to the groundbreaking early work of Spitz (2) and of Bowlby (3), who studied the ... more
The report showed commitments made three decades ago to protect the rights of children remain unfulfilled for millions. Violence still affects countless children. Discrimination based on age, gender, disability, sexual orientation and religion harms children worldwide. The UN Convention on the Ri ... more
In 2015, 5.9 million children under age five died (1). The major causes of child deaths globally are pneumonia, prematurity, intrapartum-related complications, neonatal sepsis, congenital anomalies, diarrhoea, injuries and malaria (2). Most of these diseases and conditions are at least partially cau ... more
To survive and thrive, children and adolescents need good health, adequate nutrition, security, safety and a supportive clean environment, opportunities for early learning and education, responsive relationships and connectedness, and opportunities ... more
The article discusses the significant impact of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) as a global health issue, with cigarette smoking as the main risk factor. However, in developing countries, the causes of COPD are often multifactorial, involving environmental tobacco smoke, biomass fuel sm ... more
Asthma is the most common chronic condition in children worldwide. It affects daytime activities, sleep and school attendance and causes anxiety to parents, families and other carers. The quality of asthma diagnosis and management globally still needs substantial improvement. From infancy to the tee ... more
This manual was developed based on the recommendations of a global technical consultation on child health in humanitarian emergencies co-organized by WHO and UNICEF at the end of 2003. WHO in collaboration with the Centre for Refugee and Disaster Response, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Ho ... more

Practical Guide to Mental Health Problems

Sian Hawkins International Assistance Mission (2014) C2
This 88 page book is designed to help primary care workers understand mental health problems and how they can be treated. Mental health problems from childhood to old age are examined. The book focuses primarily on the Afghan culture but is also rel ... more

Fever Diagnostic Technology Landscape

UNITAID World Health Organisation (WHO) (2018) C_WHO
1st edition. Unitaid’s report describes a slate of new devices that can more efficiently identify dangerously ill children so that they can be treated immediately. These tools make it easier to recognize danger signs, and support integrated approaches to reducing ... more