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The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) showed that global commitment and collective action could significantly reduce the disease burdens of three deadly communicable diseases: HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis (TB) and malaria. The MDGs helped focus eff ... more
Community health worker teams are potential game-changers in ensuring access to care in vulnerable communities. Who are they? What do they actually do? Can they help South Africa realize universal health coverage? As the proactive arm ... more
To survive and thrive, children and adolescents need good health, adequate nutrition, security, safety and a supportive clean environment, opportunities for early learning and education, responsive relationships and connectedness, and opportunities for personal autonomy and self-realization. To prom ... more
Trop. Med. Infect. Dis. 2018, 3, 72;
The study identified some key determinants of untimely and incomplete childhood vaccinations in the context of ... more
DHS Analytical Studies No. 39

Enhancing Social Protection for HIV Prevention, Treatment, Care & Support - The State of the Evidence

Unite for Children Unite against AIDS; Unicef; AUNAIDS; et al. (2019)
Accessed: 20.11.2019
Working Paper No. 4
SADC Communicable Disease Project Component 5: Scaling-up Child and Adolescent HIV, TB and Malaria Continuum of Care and Support DRAFT POST REGIONAL CONSENSUS AND VALIDATION MEETING Oct 2012
DHS Working Papers No. 106
Four initiatives have estimated the value of aid for reproductive, maternal, newborn, and child health (RMNCH): Countdown to 2015, the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation (IHME), the Muskok ... more
As a lower-middle-income country (LMIC), South Africa (SA) bears the burden of maternal and neonatal mortality similar to other sub- Saharan African countries. According to the Saving Mothers Repo ... more
The objective of the evaluation is to understand whether the CHW program has achieved its intended objectives, thus contributing to the overarching objectives defined in the HSSP III of improving th ... more
Maternal, Infant and Young Child Nutrition Strategic Actions:
1 Endorse and disseminate key policies and regulations
2 Improve maternal nutrition
3 Protect, promote, and support optim ... more
The Federal Ministry of Health (FMOH) has been coordinating sector wide reforms that aim to improve equity and quality of maternal and child ... more
To provide quality maternal and newborn health services at health facilities in India.

Defining Disability - A Guideline for Medical Doctors and Primary Health Care Workforce

Prof. AHM E. Hussain; Dr. N. Mohammad; Dr. Md. R. Karim; et al. Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh DGHS Directorate General of Health Services Ministry of Health and Family Welfare ; NCDC; drra; et al. (2019) C2
January 2019 Non Communicable Disease Control Programme Directorate General of Health Services Health Services Division, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare

Community health workers in Lesotho: Experiences of health promotion activities

T. Seutloali; L. Napoles; N. Bam African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine; AOSIS (2018) C2
African Journal of Primary Health Care & Family Medicine ISSN: (Online) 2071-2936, (Print) 2071-2928
Census Report Volume 4-C
The 2014 Myanmar Census provided the opportunity to measure maternal mortality. The questions on deaths in households during the twelve months prior to the Census were included in the questionnaire, as well as questions ... more
Case Manangement Training Modules
Nepal is on target to meet the Millennium Development Goals for maternal and child health despite high levels of poverty, poor infrastructure, difficult terrain and recent conflict. Each year, nearl ... more
Little is known about the patterns of development assistance (DA) for each component of reproductive, maternal, newborn, child and adolescent healt ... more
Global Conference on Primary Health Care From Alma-Ata towards universal health coverage and the Sustainable Development Goals Astana, Kazakhstan, 25 and 26 October 2018

Integration of Gender and Human Rights in HIV and Sexual and Reproductive Health Services

R. Clarke; S. Caffe; A. Guedes; et al. Pan American Health Organization; (Regional Office of the World Health Organization); UN Women (United Nations for Gender Equality and the Empowerment of Women) (2013) C2
Training for Health Care Providers Facilitators’ Manual
The Perinatal Mental Health Project (PMHP) provides training to health workers and community-based workers involved in caring for mothers. This handbook is intended as a supplement to this training programme and as a resource to anyone involved with mothers and mothers-to-be. The handbook should ... more
Challenges in achieving the MDG for maternal mortality. In-depth analysis of the EDHS 2000-2011
The Compendium brings together for the first time key consensus-based policy recommendations and guidance to improve the delivery of proven interventions to women and children. The user-friendly format incorporates icons and tabs to present key heal ... more
The impact of maternal mental health problems on infants in high income countries has been identified mostly in terms of psychosocial and emotional ... more
The objective of this guideline is to present the complete set of all WHO recommendations and best practice statements relating to abortion. While legal, regulatory, policy and service-delivery cont ... more
The World Health Organization’s comprehensive antenatal care (ANC) guideline WHO recommendations on antenatal care for a positive pregnancy experience was published in 2016 with the objective ... more

Guidelines for operationalising first referral units

Maternal Health Division Department of Family Welfare Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India Maternal Health Division Department of Family Welfare Ministry of Health & Family Welfare Government of India (2004) C1
Inequality of access to palliative care and symptom relief is one of the greatest disparities in global health ... more
The purpose of the landscape analysis is ultimately to facilitate improved engagement of private providers, thereby contributing to universal access to quality and affordable TB ... more
The overall aim of the study was to understand the acceptability and usefulness of PHC clinical placements for nursing and midwifery students.
Undernutrition increases the risk of tuberculosis (TB) and in turn TB can lead to malnutrition. Undernutrition is therefore highly prevalent among people with TB. It has been demonstrated that undernutrition is a risk factor for progression from TB ... more

Future of Nursing 2020-2030

Wakefield, M.K.; et al. National Academy of Medicine; National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine (2021) C1
Charting a Path to Achieve Health Equity. The decade ahead will test the nation's nearly 4 million nurses in new and complex ways. Nurses live and work at the intersection of health, education, and communities. Nurses work in a wide array ... more
This joint publication by UNAIDS and WHO emphasizes the importance of integrating HIV prevention, testing, treatment and care and mental health services for people living with HIV. It provides a com ... more
At the threshold of Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) era, this document captures the remarkable achievements by Member States towards achieving MDGs 4 and 5. It acknowledges new opportunities in the post-2015 phase shaped by the SDGs and the Glo ... more
Healthy maternal nutrition, exclusive breastfeeding, and optimal infant and young child nutrition are critical for appropriate growth and development, as well as reducing the risk of developing nonc ... more
Kangaroo mother care is a method of care of preterm infants. The method involves infants being c ... more
District Level M & E Training and Reference Material for Primary Health Care Programmes
WHO has issued a new recommendation on the length of bladder catheterization following surgical repair of a simple obstetric urinary fistula. Currently the length ... more
There is a crucial need to initiate and sustain fistula programs that increase access and strengthen the capacity of the health care system to provide high quality services for repair and ... more
Over the past decade, the reduction of maternal mortality in Latin America and the Caribbean has shown signs of a marked slowdown and in some cases ... more
One important application of digital health in TB patient care is the support that it can lend to medication adherence. TB programmes have already been using short message ... more
A Toolkit for Implementation. Module 1: An Overview of Implementation at National, Province and District Levels
This analytical report reviews and discusses the potential role and influence of political commitment in implementing endorsements and conducting policy in the field of tuberculosis (TB) prevention ... more
This guide assumes the reader already has a general understanding of the Care Group methodology. It is highly recommended that all Care Group imple ... more
A Systematic Review, Country Case Studies, and Recommendations for Integration into National Health Systems Alliance Report Participation of community health workers (CHWs) in the provision of pr ... more
Including a Tool to Assess the Adolescent Health and Development Component in Pre-Service Education of Health-Care Providers
Obesity in all age groups, including children and adolescents, is a public health challenge across all settings. Obesity is now classified as a complex multifactorial chronic disease and not just a risk factor for other noncommunicable diseases and comorbidities. Recognizing the significance ... more
Together we can Prevent and Control the World's Most Common Diseases
Objectives of the training manual
(1) To improve knowledge of NCD trends, burdens, as well as systems for management an ... more
The objective of this concept note and the framework it outlines is the elimination of a group of CDs and the negative health effects they generate ... more
The present booklet is about gender-responsive substance abuse treatment services for women. It is part of the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) project to develop tools to support the development and improvement ... more
Primary health care, as outlined in the 1978 Declaration of Alma-Ata and again 40 years later in the 2018 WHO/UNICEF document A vision for primary health ... more
Every year, an estimated 15 million babies are born preterm – before 37 weeks of pregnancy. That is more than 1 in 10 live births. Approximately 1 million children die each year worldwide due to complications from their early birth. Those that sur ... more
The WHO/UNICEF JMP report, WASH in Health Care Facilities, is the first comprehensive global assessment of water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) in health ... more
This report presents, for the first time, a global assessment of the extent to which health care facilities provide essential water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) services. Drawing on data from 54 l ... more
The primary audience for the guideline is health programme managers, including governmental and non-governmental organizations, and policy makers who are responsible for designing maternal, newborn and child health programmes, primarily in low-incom ... more
The Lancet. 13 March 2022. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02868-3. Previous Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) studies have reported national health estimates for Ethiopia. Substantial regional variations in socioeconomi ... more
Volume 1 covers emergency triage assessment and treatment, and acute care for a severely ill or acutely injured patient for approximately the first 24 hours of ... more
The Kabeho Mwana project (2006–2011) supported the Rwanda Ministry of Health (MOH) in scaling up integrated community case management (iCCM) of childhood illness in 6 ... more
Bull World Health Organ 2020;98:773–780 Universal health coverage (UHC) depends on a strong primary health-care system. To be successful, primary health care must be expanded at community and ... more
Primary health care offers a cost–effective route to achieving universal health coverage (UHC). However, primary health-care systems are weak in many low- and middle-income countri ... more
Self-care interventions are among the most promising and exciting new approaches to improve health and well-being, both from a health systems perspective and for people who use these interventions. The World Health Organization (WHO) uses the fol ... more
Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of disability and premature death throughout the world, and contributes substantially to the escalating costs of health ... more
Facilitator's Guide. This guide is designed to assist facilitators in training community health workers (CHWs) and community volunteers (CVs) in integrating community-based TB services into their work. The training will help community workers who already provide numerous services to understand TB an ... more

Undernutrition in Myanmar. Part 1: A Critical Review of Literature

Cashin, Jennifer Leveraging Essential Nutrition Actions to Reduce Malnutrition (LEARN) (2016) C1
Despite improvements in recent years, the prevalence of undernutrition among women and children in Myanmar remains unacceptably high. One in three children are stunted and about 8% are acutely malnourished. Micronutrient deficiencies are common amon ... more
Every day in 2020, approximately 800 women died from preventable causes related to pregnancy and childbirth - meaning that a woman dies around every two minutes. Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) target 3.1 is to reduce maternal mortality to less ... more
The revised package of BFHI materials includes five sections: 1. Background and Implementation, 2. Strengthening and Sustaining the BFHI: A course for decision-makers, 3. Breastfeeding Promotion and Support in a Baby-friendly Hospital: a 20-hour cou ... more
Bull World Health Organ 2018;96:450–461 | doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.2471/BLT.17.206466 The aim of our study was to determine whether an intervention designed to involve the male partners of preg ... more
Under the theme Equity at the Heart of Health, this Plan seeks to catalyze efforts in Member States to reduce inequities in health within and between countries and territories in order to improve health outcomes. The Plan identifies specific actions ... more
Despite recent global declines, under-five mortality remains high in many of the poorest countries. Barriers to timely quality care, including user fees, distance to facilities and the availabilit ... more
The ICOPE guidance for person-centred assessment and pathways in primary care (ICOPE Handbook) helps community health and care workers put the recommendations outlined in the ICOPE Guidelines into p ... more
This South-East Asia Regional Strategy for Primary Health Care: 2022-2030 aims to accelerate progress in all countries of the Region towards universal health coverage (UHC), health security and the ... more
Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2020, 17(23), 8849; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17238849 The aim of building climate resilient and environmentally sustainable health care facilities is: (a) ... more
The pandemic has emphasized the high risk of avoidable harm to patients, health workers, and the general public, and has identified a range of safety gaps across all core components ... more
The State of the world’s nursing 2020 report provides the latest, most up-to-date evidence on and policy options for the global nursing workforce. It also presents a compelling case for considerable – yet feasible – investment in nursing educa ... more
interim Guidance 1 December 2020. Updated version This document provides updated guidance on mask use in health care and community settings, and during home care for COVID-19 cases. It is intended ... more
Self-care interventions are among the most promising and exciting new approaches to improve health and well-being, both from a health systems perspective and for people who use these interventions. The World Health Organization (WHO) uses the follow ... more
As part of our commitment to the fight against NCDs, Nigeria was signatory to the political declaration at the UN General Assembly High Level Meeting on NCDs in September 2011. Thus, the purpose ... more
First Global Patient Safety Challenge Clean Care is Safer Care The WHO Guidelines on Hand Hygiene in Health Care provide health- ... more
This situation analysis has gathered information about the current state of AMR, contributing factors and antimicrobial use in Zimbabwe from the human, animal, agricultural and environmental sectors. Data has been gathered from different sectors suc ... more
Viral hepatitis is defined as inflammation of the liver cells due to viral infection. The burden of liver disease in South Africa is mostly underestimated as viral hepatitis, in particular chronic i ... more
The WHO document "Integrating the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases in HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, and sexual and reproductive health programmes: implementation guidance" provides a framework for integrating noncommunicable diseases (NC ... more
Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs), including mental disorders, currently pose one of the biggest threats to health and development globally, particularly in low and middle income countries2. It is predicted that unless proven interventions are rapidl ... more
DHS Working Paper No. 136
A total of 1,222 children age 6-23 months were included in this analysis. Twenty percent of children were stunted and 43% were moderately anemic. Regarding IYCF practice ... more
Download (7.4 MB) Overview Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders globally. The WHO epilepsy technical brief aims to strengthen action for epilepsy and complements the Intersectoral global action plan on epilepsy and other neuro ... more
Today, the World Health Organization (WHO) is advancing the global fight against acute malnutrition in children under 5 with the launch of its new guideline on the prevention and management of wasti ... more