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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

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Stronger Together: Building Individual and Social Resilience to Cope with the Impacts of Natural Hazard Events

Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) and the Caribbean Development Bank (CDB) (2019) CC

Under the theme “Stronger Together”, the campaign aims to offer information and strategies to assist communities in the region in better coping with the psychological impact of adverse events before, during and after a disaster situation. It also aims to raise awareness to reduce the stigma abou... more

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COVID-19 Parenting - Tips for children with disabilities

UNICEF; WHO; et al. (2020) C_WHO

8 June 2020

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Treatment of Uncomplicated Malaria among Women of Reproductive Age

President’s Malaria Initiative, CDC, MCHIP, MCSP (2017) C1

Responding to COVID-19 in Africa: using data to find a balance part II

African Union, African CDC, World Health Organisation (2020) C_WHO

Six months in, the indirect impacts of COVID-19 take a toll on health, social and economic outcomes.

Dangerous inequalities: World Aids report 2022. Summary Arabic

UNAIDS (2022) C_WHO

The world is not on track to end the AIDS pandemic. New infections are rising and AIDS deaths are continuing in too many communities. This report reveals why: inequalities are holding us back. In frank terms, the report calls the world’s attention to the painful reality that dangerous inequalities... more

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Desigualdades peligrosas: Informe mundial sobre el sida 2022. Resumen

UNAIDS (2022) C_WHO

El mundo no está en vías de acabar con la pandemia de sida. Las nuevas infecciones aumentan y las muertes por sida continúan en demasiadas comunidades. Este informe revela por qué: las desigualdades nos están frenando. En términos francos, el informe llama la atención del mundo sobre la dolor... more

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Cómo combatir el cólera: Presentación y manejo clínico para el brote de cólera en Haití de 2010

CDC, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (2010) C_CDC

The document titled "Cómo combatir el cólera" (How to Combat Cholera) provides comprehensive guidelines on the clinical presentation and management of cholera, particularly in the context of the 2010 Haiti outbreak. It emphasizes the importance of rapid rehydration as a lifesaving measure, deta... more

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The Camp Managment Toolkit
recommended

Birkeland,N.M.; G.L. Forselv, V. Vogel, et al. NRCThe Camp Management Project (CMP) (2015) C1

Applicable to both IDP and refugee scenarios, the Toolkit incorporates a wide range of relevant information on managing displaced populations living in communal settings (collective centres, spontaneous sites, established camps, etc.). Large scale displacements caused by recent conflict and natural ... more

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Neurology in Africa
recommended

William Howlett (2012) C1

The whole book has 50.3 MB!!!! To download chapter by chapter: http://www.uib.no/cih/en/resources/neurology-in-africa Africa is a vast continent and neurological disorders are a common cause of disability and death. This practical neurology textbook is specifically written for Sub-Saharan Africa.... more

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ECHO Health Guidance VHF

ECHO (2014)

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Early Recovery and Resilience Support Framework: Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone (May 2015 - October 2016)

UN Development Programme (2015)

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Mémento de Soins hospitaliers pédiatriques
recommended

Organisation Mondiale de la Santé (OMS) (2013) C_WHO

Prise en charge des affections courantes de l'enfance. 2ième edition Ce mémento est destiné aux médecins, au personnel infirmier et autres professionnels de santé responsables des soins administrés aux jeunes enfants au premier niveau de recours. Il est conçu pour être utilisé pour les s... more

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National Leprosy Elimination Programme Operational Guidelines

National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control, Cambodia Ministry of Health (2015) CC

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National Leprosy Elimination Programme Strategic Plan

National Center for Tuberculosis and Leprosy Control, Cambodia Ministry of Health (2015) CC

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Solomon Islands Essential Medical Supplies List 2017

Sandy Greenwood, Timmy Manea, Willie Horoto et al. National Pharmacy Services Division, Ministry of Health & Medical Services (2017) CC

Solomon Islands pharmacy staff have developed an essential medicines supplies list. It was a collaborative effort involving a lot of staff taking the pictures and putting it all together. The list was launched as an initiative to improve the availability of medical stock within the country

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Schweigepflichterklärung (dt.)

Regierung Unterfranken (2016) C2

Schweigepflichterklärungen für Dolmetscher / Übersetzer / Sprachmittler im medizinischen Kontext für die Region Unterfranken. Auch in Englisch verfügbar!