The Lancet Planetary Health Volume 6, ISSUE 4, e342-e349, April 01, 2022. Human impacts on earth-system processes are overshooting several planetary boundaries, driving a crisis of ecological breakdown. This crisis is being caused in large part by ...global resource extraction, which has increased dramatically over the past half century. We propose a novel method for quantifying national responsibility for ecological breakdown by assessing nations’ cumulative material use in excess of equitable and sustainable boundaries.
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Der BAGSO-Ratgeber informiert kompakt und verständlich zu Impfungen für Erwachsene ab 60 Jahren. Er gibt Antworten auf zwölf häufig gestellte Fragen, u.a. für wen welche Impfungen besonders wichtig sind, wo man sich beraten lassen kann und ob d...ie Kosten von der Krankenkasse übernommen werden. Ein Adressteil benennt Ansprechpartner, die bei Bedarf weiterführende Informationen anbieten.
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Cholera is a transmissible diarrhoeal infection caused by Vibrio cholerae. Endemic and/or epidemic in over 40 countries (mainly in Africa and Asia), cholera continues to be a major global public hea...lth issue.
The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that the number of cases reported worldwide represents in reality only 5 to 10% of actual cases.
This guide is intended for medical and non-medical staff responding to a cholera outbreak. It attempts to provide concrete answers to the questions and problems faced by staff, based on the recommendations of reference organisations, such as WHO and UNICEF, as well as Médecins Sans Frontières’ experience in the field.
It is divided into 8 chapters. Chapter 1, Cholera overview, outlines the epidemiological and clinical features of cholera. Chapter 2, Outbreak investigation, explains the method and stages of a field investigation, from the alert to implementation of initial activities. Chapter 3, Cholera control measures, details measures and tools to prevent and/or control cholera transmission and mortality in populations affected, or at risk of being affected, by an epidemic (curative care, prevention means and health promotion activities). Chapter 4, Strategies for epidemic response, addresses the roll-out strategies of the measures described in Chapter 3 which depend on context (e.g. urban, rural, endemic, non-endemic setting, etc.), resources and particular constraints. Chapter 5, Cholera case management, details the different stages of cholera treatment, from diagnosis through to cure.
Chapter 6, Setting up cholera treatment facilities, focuses on the installation of treatment facilities that vary in size and complexity according to operational requirements (treatment centres and units and oral rehydration points). Chapter 7, Organisation of cholera treatment facilities, describes the organisation of these specialized facilities in terms of human resources, supply, water, hygiene and sanitation, etc. Chapter 8, Monitoring and evaluation, presents the key data to be collected and analysed during an epidemic to facilitate a tailored response and evaluate its quality and effectiveness.
The guide includes various practical tools in the appendices to facilitate activities (e.g. water quality tests, job descriptions, documents, etc.). Moreover, the toolbox also contains additional tools in editable formats (individual patient file, cholera case register, pictograms).
Despite all efforts, it is possible that certain errors may have been overlooked in this guide. Please inform the authors of any errors detected.
To ensure that this guide continues to evolve while remaining adapted to field realities, please send any comments or suggestions.
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Objective: To identify gaps in national stroke guidelines that could be bridged to enhance the quality of stroke care services in low- and
middle-income countries.
Methods: We systematically searched medical databases and websites of medical societies and contacted international organizations.
Co...untry-specific guidelines on care and control of stroke in any language published from 2010 to 2020 were eligible for inclusion. We reviewed
each included guideline for coverage of four key components of stroke services (surveillance, prevention, acute care and rehabilitation).
We also assessed compliance with the eight Institute of Medicine standards for clinical practice guidelines, the ease of implementation of
guidelines and plans for dissemination to target audiences.
Findings: We reviewed 108 eligible guidelines from 47 countries, including four low-income, 24 middle-income and 19 high-income countries.
Globally, fewer of the guidelines covered primary stroke prevention compared with other components of care, with none recommending
surveillance. Guidelines on stroke in low- and middle-income countries fell short of the required standards for guideline development;
breadth of target audience; coverage of the four components of stroke services; and adaptation to socioeconomic context. Fewer low- and
middle-income country guidelines demonstrated transparency than those from high-income countries. Less than a quarter of guidelines
encompassed detailed implementation plans and socioeconomic considerations.
Conclusion: Guidelines on stroke in low- and middle-income countries need to be developed in conjunction with a wider category of
health-care providers and stakeholders, with a full spectrum of translatable, context-appropriate interventions.
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PLoS Neglected Tropical diseases August 16, 2021 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009697
Chagas disease, also known as American trypanosomiasis, is a neglected tropical disease transmitted by triatomine insects, first identified in 1909. Chag...as disease affects approximately 6–7 million people globally and is highly prevalent in Latin America where most cases are reported. However, there is increasing evidence that Chagas disease is now an important public health issue outside the “classical” endemic countries due to population migration. Our understanding of Chagas disease, including its pathologies and factors relating to progression, remains to date limited, and is also challenged by lack of diagnosis and highly effective treatment. This systematic review aims to describe studies with Chagas patients receiving antiparasitic treatment. Databases were searched for relevant studies published after 1997, and the results of these searches were screened.
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PLoS Negl Trop Dis 15(8): e0009697. Chagas disease (CD), caused by the parasite Trypanosoma cruzi, affects ~6–7 million people worldwide. Significant limitations still exist in our understanding of CD. Harnessing individual participant data (IPD) from studies could support more in-depth analyses t...o address the many outstanding research questions. This systematic review aims to describe the characteristics and treatment practices of clinical studies in CD and assess the breadth and availability of research data for the potential establishment of a data-sharing platform.
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HANDBUCH FÜR DIE PRAXIS - Das Handbuch erläutert auf aktuellem Stand, unter welchen Voraussetzungen in Deutschland lebende Ausländer Sozialleistungen erhalten können. Dabei geht es immer um das Zusammenwirken zwischen Sozialrecht und Aufenthaltsrecht. Kommentiert werden die Ansprüche von Auslä...ndern auf Arbeitslosengeld II, Sozialhilfe und Asylbewerberleistungen sowie weitere Sozialleistungen wie z. B. das Kindergeld. Erläutert werden zudem die Voraussetzungen für eine Beschäftigungs- bzw. Erwerbserlaubnis sowie der Anspruch auf einen Deutsch- bzw. "Integrationskurs". Neben den nationalen Rechtsvorschriften sind auch die zunehmend bedeutsamen europarechtlichen Vorschriften sowie die Rechtsprechung des Europäischen Gerichtshofes berücksichtigt.
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Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2017, 18, 341, 1 - 10
January 2019
Non Communicable Disease Control Programme Directorate General of Health Services Health Services Division, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare
Der Artikel beschreibt wie sich die Isolation der Familien auf engstem Raum, die Fremdbestimmung und die massive Unterversorgung psychisch erkrankter Personen auf den Gesundheitszustand von Kindern auswirkt.
Das F.A.Q. beantwortet Fragen rund um das Thema Gewaltschutz geflüchteter Fraün und Mädchen. Am Anfang steht ein Glossar zur Klärung zentraler Begriffe und deren Konseqünzen für geflüchtete Fraün. Das Glossar wird auf den Webseiten von bff u...nd FHK bei Bedarf ergänzt oder aktualisiert. Es folgen Fragen, die zehn übergeordneten Themen zugeordnet sind.
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Frauenhauskoordinierung hat deshalb auf Wunsch der Fachpraxis die Ausarbeitung von Leitfäden zum Dolmetschen in Frauenhäusern und Fachberatungsstellen initiiert. Ein Leitfaden für Mitarbeiter_innen in Frauenhäusern und von Fachberatungsstellen, einer für Dolmetscher_innen und kurze, mehrsprachi...ge Leitfäden für Klient_innen sollen darüber aufklären, was beim Dolmetschen zu beachten ist – sowohl in der Zusammenarbeit mit professionellen Dolmetscher_innen als auch mit Laiendolmetscher_innen. Die Leitfäden sollen Beratung und Behördengänge erleichtern und ein gutes Zusammenwirken zwischen allen Beteiligten ermöglichen.
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Review
Triccas and Counoupas Pneumonia (2016) 8:18; DOI 10.1186/s41479-016-0020-z
PLoS ONE 13(8): e0202499. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0202499
This was a school-based cross-sectional study conducted in 2015 among 305 school children aged 7–16 years from two primary schools located in Ilemela and Magu Districts, north...-western Tanzania. Single stool and urine samples were collected from each participant and examined for the presence of Schistosoma mansoni eggs, parasite antigen, and parasite DNA using KK thick smears, POC-CCA tests, and real-time PCR, respectively.
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Ein kompakter Ratgeber
23. aktualisierte Auflage
Bei der Bewältigung der Alzheimer-Krankheit und anderer Formen der Demenz müssen viele Personen zusammenwirken: der Patient selbst, seine Angehörigen, Freunde und Bekannte, der Hausarzt und spezialisierte Ärzte, oft auch die Mitarbeiter von Be...ratungsstellen, Tagesstätten und Pflegeeinrichtungen. Sie alle brauchen Informationen über die Krankheit. Das Wichtigste über Demenzerkrankungen zu vermitteln, ist das Ziel des vorliegenden kompakten Ratgebers, den Ihnen die Deutsche Alzheimer Gesellschaft gerne überreicht.
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AWMF Leitlinie, 12.7.2021
Ein Leitfaden für die Zusammenarbeit mit Dolmetscher_innen in Frauenhäusern und mit Fachberatungsstellen
Verschiedene Sprachen gehören zum Alltag der Frauenhäuser, Schutzwohnungen und Fachberatungsstellen . In manchen Situationen muss ohne gemeinsame Sprache kommuniziert werden, in anderen ist eine Dolmetscher_in dabei und übernimmt die Übertragung des Gesagten in die jeweils andere Sprache. Diese ...Broschüre soll Ihnen mehr Selbstbewusstsein und Vertrauen bei mehrsprachiger Kommunikation geben, insbesondere in der Zusammenarbeit mit Dolmetscher_innen.
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Many features of the environment have been found to exert an important influence on cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, progression, and severity. Changes in the environment due to migration to different geographic locations, modifications in lifestyle choices, and shifts in social policies and cultu...ral practices alter CVD risk, even in the absence of genetic changes. Nevertheless, the cumulative impact of the environment on CVD risk has been difficult to assess
and the mechanisms by which some environment factors influence CVD remain obscure. Human environments are complex; and their natural, social and personal domains are highly variable due to diversity in human ecosystems, evolutionary histories, social structures, and individual choices. Accumulating evidence supports the notion that ecological features such as the diurnal cycles of
light and day, sunlight exposure, seasons, and geographic characteristics of the natural environment such altitude, latitude and greenspaces are important determinants of cardiovascular health and CVD risk. In highly developed societies, the influence of the natural environment is moderated by the physical characteristics of the social environments such as the built environment
and pollution, as well as by socioeconomic status and social networks. These attributes of the
social environment shape lifestyle choices that significantly modify CVD risk. An understanding
of how different domains of the environment, individually and collectively, affect CVD risk could
lead to a better appraisal of CVD, and aid in the development of new preventive and therapeutic
strategies to limit the increasingly high global burden of heart disease and stroke.
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Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18(24), 13339; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182413339
The climate crisis threatens to exacerbate numerous climate-sensitive health risks, including heatwave mortality, malnutrition from reduced crop yields, water- and vector-borne infectious diseases, and... respiratory illness from smog, ozone, allergenic pollen, and wildfires. Recent reports from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change stress the urgent need for action to mitigate climate change, underscoring the need for more scientific assessment of the benefits of climate action for health and wellbeing.
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