Reducing the humanitarian impact of the use of explosive weapons in populated areas is a key priority for the United
Nations, the International Committee
...
of the Red Cross (ICRC), civil society and an increasing number of Member States.
The United Nations Secretary-General has expressly called on parties to conflict to avoid the use in populated areas of
explosive weapons with wide-area effects.
While the use of explosive weapons in populated areas may in some circumstances be lawful under international
humanitarian law (IHL), empirical evidence reveals a foreseeable and often widespread pattern of harm to civilians,
particularly from explosive weapons with wide-area effects.
Many types of explosive weapons exist and are currently in use. These include air-delivered bombs, artillery projectiles,
missiles and rockets, mortar bombs, and improvised explosive devices (IEDs). Some are launched from the air and
others are surface launched. Whilst different technical features dictate their accuracy of delivery and explosive effect,
these weapons generally create a zone of blast and fragmentation with the potential to kill, injure or damage anyone
or anything within that zone. This makes their use in populated areas – such as towns, cities, markets and camps for
refugees and displaced persons or other concentrations of civilians – particularly problematic. The problems increase
further if the effects of the weapon extend across a wide-area either because of the scale of blast that they produce; their
inaccuracy; the use of multiple munitions across an area; or a combination thereof.
more
Les modules de formation et d’orientation QualityRights ont été élaborés pour renforcer les connaissances, les compétences et la compréhension des principales parties prenantes sur la manière de promouvoir les droits des personnes en situation de handicap psychosocial, intellectuel ou cogni
...
tif, d'améliorer la qualité des services et des aides fournis dans le domaine de
la santé mentale et dans les domaines connexes, conformément aux normes internationales en matière de droits de l'homme, et en particulier la Convention des Nations unies relative aux droits des personnes handicapées et l'approche du rétablissement.
more
This is an update (third edition) of the BACPR Standards & Core Components and represents current evidence-based best practice and a pragmatic over
...
view of the structure and function of Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation Programmes (CPRPs) in the UK. The previously described seven standards have now been reduced to six but without sacrificing any of the key elements and with a greater emphasis placed on measurable clinical outcomes, audit and certification. Similarly, the second edition provided an overview of seven core components felt to be essential for the delivery of quality prevention and rehabilitation, and this too has been reduced to six. The interplay between cardio-protective therapies and medical risk factors is almost impossible to disentangle for the vast majority of patients and even if specific drug therapies are deployed exclusively for risk factor modulation, the indirect effect will also be cardio-protective. Thus, these have been combined into a single core component – medical risk management.
more
The second edition of the WHPCA Global Atlas of Palliative Care was launched during World Hospice & Palliative Care Day 10 October. The Atlas is an update
...
of the original WHPCA/WHO Global Atlas of Palliative care at the end of life published in 2014. It is full of useful facts and figures to support palliative care advocacy and development. In this edition we have switched from using the WHO methodology for need for palliative care to the evolving Lancet Commission on Palliative Care and Pain Relief methodology. As a result the number of people needing palliative care has gone from 40 million per year to almost 57 million and more accurately reflects the need for palliative care globally models of palliative care worldwide? What resources are devoted to palliative care? What is the way forward?
more
2nd edition.
The tool kit provides learning objects and curricular content to support the competencies for those proficiency/trainee levels
A case study from Bosnia and Herzegovina Eurasian Harm Reduction Network
The case study was prepared by Samir Ibisevic, President of PROI between March
...
and June 2016 and edited by Graham Shaw.
EHRN is grateful to all who contributed to this document, especially: Dr. Serifa Godinjak, Chairperson of Country Coordinating Mechanism; Dr. Zlatko Cardaklija, HIV Coordinator for the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH); Dr. Nesad Seremet, Head of the HIV program, United Nations Development Program in Bosnia and Herzegovina; Ms. Gyongyver Jakab, Fund Portfolio Manager, Eastern Europe and Central Asia and Ms. Natalya Bogach, Program Officer, The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria; Dr. Nermana Mehic–Basara, Director of the Institute for Addiction Diseases of Sarajevo Canton; Mr. Denis Dedajic, Director of the Association Margina from the Federation of BiH; Mr. Srdjan Kukolj, Director of Action Against AIDS from the Republic of Srpska.
more
High levels of storage iron may increase malaria susceptibility. This risk has not been investigated in semi-immune adolescents. We investigated whether baseline iron status of nonpregnant adolescen
...
t girls living in a high malaria transmission area in Burkina Faso affected malaria risk during the following rainy season. For this prospective study, we analysed data from an interim safety survey, conducted six months into a randomised iron supplementation trial. We used logistic regression to model the risk of P. falciparum infection prevalence by microscopy, the pre-specified interim safety outcome, in relation to iron status, nutritional indicators and menarche assessed at recruitment.
more
The occurrence of a high percentage of couterfeit medicines on the global medicines market is often attributed to a lack of effective regulation
...
and a weak enforcement capacity. This review, while focusing on counterfeit medicines and medical devices in developing countries, will present information on their impact and how these issues can be addressed by regulation and control of the supply chain using technology appropriate to the developing world.
more
Global Situation Assessment of El Niño-related Health Risks
Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry60:5 (2019), pp 500–515
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are of increasing concern for society and national governments, as well as globally due to their high mortality rate. The main risk factors
...
of NCDs can be classified into the categories of self-management, genetic factors, environmental factors, factors of medical conditions, and socio-demographic factors.
more
The context of the Ebola epidemic presented extreme challenges for Oxfam, as it did for many organisations. At the onset of the epidemic, there was a general lack
...
of understanding of the disease and how to respond to it effectively and safely. A pervasive and persistent climate of fear, coupled with changing predictions about the likely evolution of the epidemic, influenced analysis and response at all levels. There was strong pressure to treat the epidemic as a medical emergency requiring a medical response – organised through topdown processes – rather than standard humanitarian coordination
more
The guide summarizes an assessment of War Child Canada’s three-pronged legal protection model as implemented with South Sudanese refugees in Northern Uganda and uses it to identify the most import
...
ant lessons for ensuring legal protection mechanisms are in place at the onset of an emergency
more
A multidisciplinary and multisectoral collaboration, through a One Health approach is required to effectively prepare for, detect, assess, and resp
...
ond to emerging and endemic zoonotic diseases. However, external and internal health system evaluations continue to identify major gaps in capacity to implement multisectoral and multidisciplinary collaboration within and between many countries, and countries are asking for support from the Tripartite to fill these gaps. This guide is the response to those requests.
more
A framework for planning, developing and implementing solutions with and for young people.
The guidance presented in this document is intended for digital
...
health intervention designers, developers, implementers, researchers and funders. Newcomers to digital health can use it as a start-to-finish primer on how to collaboratively and responsibly develop youth-centred digital health interventions. Those already engaged in this work can jump directly to the chapters and sections with the ideas and resources they need. Funders will find helpful advice in Annex 1, which outlines special considerations for making smarter, more meaningful investments in digital health interventions for young people.
more
The Lancet Global Health: DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(16)30098-5
Open Access
Environmental pollution, protection, quality and sustainability
Canadian Journal of Microbiology 25 June 2021 https://doi.org/10.1139/cjm-2020-0572
Journal of the International AIDS Society 2016, 19:20926
There is a growing interest in the potential contribution the private sector can make towards increasing access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) in low‐
...
and middle‐income settings. This article describes a public–private partnership that was developed to expand HIV care capacity in Yangon, Myanmar. The partnership was between private sector general practitioners (GPs) and a community‐based non‐governmental organization (International HIV/AIDS Alliance).
https://doi.org/10.7448/IAS.19.1.20926
more
Right now, we are facing an unpredictable and highly dynamic situation as a global community. However, as we have seen from the solidarity, support and power
...
of communities in the HIV epidemic and already in communities responding to the COVID-19 pandemic, the response must not be fear and stigma. We need to build a culture of solidarity, trust and kindness. Our response to COVID-19 must be grounded in the realities of people’s lives and focused on eliminating the barriers people face in being able to protect themselves and their communities. Empowerment and guidance, rather than restrictions, can ensure that people can act without fear of losing their livelihood, sufficient food being on the table and the respect of their community. Ultimately it will give us a more effective, humane and sustainable response to the epidemic.
more