A quick reference guide for health authorities and health-care workers
Revised 2015
Stigma toward individuals with mental disorders has been studied extensively. In the case of
Latin America and the Caribbean, the past decade has been marked by a significant increase in
information on stigma toward mental illness, but these findings have yet to be applied to mental health service...s in Latin America. The objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of studies relating to stigma toward mental illness in Latin America and the Caribbean. The authors specifically considered differences in this region as compared with manifestations reported in Western European countries
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Resources for the Prevention and Treatment of Substance Use Disorders (SUD)
The main objective of this self learning programme is to understand the purpose of biostatistics through realistic cases and to acquire basic biostatistics skills that can be applied to your work.
The target audiences of this training are medical and biomedical students, laboratory specialists and ...other professionals who need to use or understand basic biostatistics. However, it may also be a helpful reminder to epidemiologists.
module.
You can order the biostatistics CD-ROM free of charge by sending an e-mail to: ihrinfo@who.int
Download the contents of the Biostatistics CD-ROM free of charge [zip 9.64MB]
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The Global Campaign Against Epilepsy “Out of the Shadows”
Global Campaign Against Epilepsy
Bulletin of the World Health Organization, 2001, 79 (4)
Effective monitoring, epidemiological assessment and evaluation are necessary to achieve the aim of interrupting LF transmission. This manual is designed to ensure that national elimination programmes have available the best information on methodologies and procedures for monitoring MDA, appropriate...ly assessing when infection has been reduced to levels where transmission is likely no longer sustainable, implementing adequate surveillance after MDA has ceased to determine whether recrudescence has occurred, and preparing for verification of the absence of transmission. The manual provides general guidance to national programmes; relevant background information on technical issues is contained in the annexes. As real-life situations may not correspond to predefined categories, consultation with WHO and experts is recommended in complicated situations.
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Human schistosomiasis is caused mainly by 3 schistosome species: Schistosoma haematobium, S. mansoni and S. japonicum. S. guineensis, S. intercalatum and S. mekongi have a highly localized distribution in Central Africa and along the Mekong River in South-East Asia, respectively. Soil-transmitted h...elminthiases (STH) are infections caused by 4 parasite species: Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. The 2 latter species are indistinguishable microscopically and are usually reported together as “hookworms”. Schistosomiasis and STH are neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and are transmitted mainly in areas with poor access to clean water and sanitation. The presence of an intermediate snail host in water is essential to allow Schistosoma to complete their life cycle. Schistosomiasis and STH can cause significant morbidity, including anaemia, nutritional disturbances and, in the case of schistosomiasis, granuloma, organ pathology and cancer, and an increased risk of acquisition of HIV. In women, urogenital schistosomiasis may cause vaginal bleeding, pain during sexual intercourse and nodules in the vulva, now described as female genital schistosomiasis. Groups at risk for STH and schistosomiasis are those in need of micronutrients: preschool-aged children (pre-SAC, 1–4 years of age), school-aged children (SAC, 5–14 years), women of reproductive age (WRA) and, in addition for schistosomiasis adult and entire communities in high-risk areas.
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During Epidemiological week (Epiweek) 5, 20 countries in the WHO African region (WHO AFR) contributed virological data for analysis - Algeria, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Ghana, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritania, Mozambiq...ue, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, South Sudan, Togo, Uganda, and Zambia
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