Carbapenems are a major last-line class of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections.The spread of carbapenem-resistant infections is a threat to healthcare andpatient safety in Europe as it seriously curtails the ability to cure infections. The spread of carbapenem-resistant infections is a threat ...to healthcare and patient safety in Europe as it seriously curtails the ability to cure infections.
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Antibiotic resistance is a natural occurrence caused by mutations in bacteria’s genes. However, inappropriate use of antibiotics accelerates the emergence and spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria. When exposed to antibiotics, susceptible bacteria are killed; while excessive antibiotic use or th...eir use for the wrong reasons can cause bacteria to become resistant and continue to grow and multiply. These resistant bacteria may spread and cause infections in other people.
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The ability of bacteria to resist the action of an antibiotic has become a recognised global problem. Antibiotic resistance severely limits the number of antibiotics available for the treatment of diseases.
Antimicrobial resistance is a global crisis that threatens a century of progress in health and achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals. There is no time to wait. Unless the world acts urgently, antimicrobial resistance will have disastrous impact within a generation.
Overuse of antimicrobial agents occurs globally in both community and hospital settings. Misuse of antibiotics can lead to a variety of adverse outcomes, including the development of antimicrobial resistanceand increased cost of hospitalization. This issuehas been particularly problematic in de...veloping countries, where antibiotic-management programs rarely exist and where antibiotics can be purchased without aprescription. In Thailand, the rate of antibiotic resistance among gram-positive and gram-negative or-ganisms has increased significantly over the past decade. These findings provide compelling evidence ofthe need for more-rational use of antimicrobial agents in Thailand.
Clinical Infectious Diseases2006; 42:768–752006 by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.
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Improving the quality of hospital antibiotic use is a major goal of WHO’s global action plan to combat antimicrobial resistance. The WHO Essential Medicines List Access, Watch, and Reserve (AWaRe) classification could facilitate simple stewardship interventions that are widely applicable globally.... We aimed to present data on patterns of paediatric AWaRe antibiotic use that could be used for local and national stewardship interventions.
www.thelancet.com/lancetgh Vol 7 July 2019
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Overuse and misuse of antibiotics in animals and humans is contributing to the rising threat of antibiotic resistance. Some types of bacteria that cause serious infections in humans have already developed resistance to most or all of the available treatments, and there are very... few promising options in the research pipeline
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This situation analysis has gathered information about the current state of AMR, contributing factors and antimicrobial use in Zimbabwe from the human, animal, agricultural and environmental sectors. Data has been gathered from different sectors such as the general public, academia, the Ministry of ...Health and Child Care, the Ministry of Agriculture Mechanization and Irrigation Development and the Ministry of Environment, Water and Climate. It shows that AMR is a real concern in Zimbabwe and a threat to the health outcomes of humans, to the economic productivity of the livestock industry and a risk to the environment.
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Η ανακάλυψη πριν από 80 περίπου χρόνια ότι ουσίες που παράγονται από μύκητες ή βακτήρια μπορούν να χρησιμοποιηθούν θεραπευτικά για την ίαση διαφόρων λοιμώξεων, έφε...ε επανάσταση στα τότε ιατρικά δεδομένα. Οι λοιμώδεις νόσοι αποτελούσαν τότε την πρώτη αιτία θανάτου για κάθε ηλικιακή ομάδα. Το γεγονός αυτό ανατράπηκε με την έναρξη της χρήσης των ουσιών αυτών, που ονομάστηκαν αντιβιοτικά λόγω της ιδιότητας τους να καταστρέφουν τα μικρόβια. Έκτοτε εκατομμύρια ζωές έχουν σωθεί με τη χορήγηση αντιβιοτικών για την αντιμετώπιση σοβαρών λοιμώξεων. Σήμερα, οκτώ δεκαετίες μετά, οι πολύτιμες αυτές για τον άνθρωπο ουσίες χάνουν με συνεχώς επιταχυνόμενο ρυθμό την αποτελεσματικότητά τους λόγω επίτασης του φαινομένου της Μικροβιακής Αντοχής στα αντιβιοτικά.
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Presently, there is no evidence that the virus responsible for the current COVID-19 pandemic is carried by domestic food-producing animals, such as chickens, ducks, other poultry, pigs, cattle, camels, horses, sheep, goats, rabbits, guinea pigs or fish. While live animals can be a source of pathogen...s, all types of food can potentially be contaminated through contact with contaminated equipment, surfaces or environments. Proper cleaning and the prevention of cross-contamination are critical in the control of foodborne illnesses. The application of sound principles of environmental sanitation, personal hygiene and established food safety practices will reduce the likelihood that harmful pathogens will threaten the safety of the food supply, regardless of whether the food is sourced from intensive agriculture, small stakeholders or wildlife.
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The objective of this report is to assess the situational landscape during mid-May 2020 surrounding the value chain of the production and distribution of generic antiretroviral medicines in low- and-middle-income countries and to provide recommendations on mitigating the risks of potential disruptio...ns.
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PLOSONE| https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0204882October17,2018
The COVID-19 pandemic is having a profound negative effect on the global economy and is occurring in the context of a rapidly changing climate. This year is expected to be the second hottest in recorded history. Weather forecasts for 2020 indicate a high probability that extreme weather will adverse...ly affect food production in many countries. This brief draws on historical evidence and demonstrates that reductions in national food availability caused by severe weather events tend to be considerably larger in magnitude when they occur during global economic downturns. The risks posed by this dual threat are particularly high for poorer countries that are net food importers. Taking actions to mitigate these adverse effects in the short-term, while building the resilience of agri-food systems to future shocks is critical for avoiding major contractions in food availability and associated risks of food insecurity.
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This technical note contains indicators and minimum standards necessary for emergency response in the following topics: quantity of water, access to water, quality of water, sanitation, hygiene, solid waste, cleaning and disinfection, as well as dosages for the preparation of solutions disinfectants... using sodium hypochlorite.
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ETHIOPIA RISK OF PREMATURE DEATH DUE TO NCDS (%)*SELECTED ADULT RISK FACTOR TRENDS PROPORTIONAL MORTALITY
Cocaine is a highly addictive and dangerous illicit substance that plague millions of Americans each year. Learn here about the dangers, warning signs, and how cocaine addiction can be treated.
At a time when the world is reeling from the deepest global disruption and health crisis of a lifetime, this year’s Living Planet
report provides unequivocal and alarming evidence that nature is unraveling and that our planet is flashing red warning signs of
vital natural systems failure. The ...Living Planet Report 2020 clearly outlines how humanity’s increasing destruction of nature is having
catastrophic impacts not only on wildlife populations but also on human health and all aspects of our lives.
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