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Influencing food environments for healthy diets

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO (2016) C2

Food environments are usually defined as the settings with all the different types of food made available and accessible to people as they go about their daily lives. That is, the range of food in supermarkets, small retail outlets, wet markets, street food stalls, coffee shops, tea houses, s...chool canteens, restaurants, and all the other venues where people buy and eat food. These environments differ enormously depending on the context. They can be extensive and diverse, with a seemingly endless array of options and price ranges, or they can be sparse, with very few options on offer. Because they determine what food consumers can access at a given moment in time, at what price, and with what degree of convenience, food environments both constrain and prompt the consumer’s choice.Food environments are influenced by the food systems which supply them, and vice versa. Food systems encompass the entire range of activities, people and institutions involved in the production, processing, marketing, consumption and disposal of food (FAO, 2013). They include but are not limited to food supply chains. Making food systems nutrition-sensitive can contribute to addressing all forms of malnutrition, as food systems determine whether the food needed for good nutrition are available, affordable, acceptable and of adequate quantity and quality. How closely food systems and food environments are interrelated and interdependent, and the degree to which external factors affect nutrition outcomes, varies from setting to setting.Many of today’s food systems and food environments are challenged in supporting consumer choices that are consistent with healthy diets and good nutrition. Consumers are not making choices based on nutrition and health, and poor diet is now the number one risk factor for death and disability worldwide (GBD, 2015). Food systems that do not enable healthy diets are increasingly recognized as an underlying cause of malnutrition (GLOPAN, 2016), and malnutrition, irrespective of form, has a huge cost. Economic costs associated with undernutrition are estimated at $1-2 trillion per year, about 2-3% of global GDP (FAO, 2013); the global economic cost of obesity and associated diet-related non-communicable diseases is estimated at $2 trillion per year, about 2.8% of global GDP (McKinsey, 2014). Influencing food environments for promoting healthy diets is an emerging strategy to address today’s nutrition challenges. more

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Frontline health workers in COVID-19 prevention and control: rapid evidence synthesis

The Georg Institute for Global Health India (2020) C1

The Government of India is embarking on a mammoth task to prevent COVID-19 spread among communities. The Rapid Evidence Synthesis team received a request to support the planning and development of resources for ensuring preparedness of FLHWs for COVID-19 . The rapid evidence synthesis was conducted ... more

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A case study of the role of an Essential Health Benefit in the delivery of integrated health services in Zambia

Luwabelwa, M.; Banda, P; Palale M.; Chama-Chiliba, C. Regional Network for Equity in Health in east and southern Africa (EQUINET) (2017) C1

Regional Network for Equity in Health in east and southern Africa (EQUINET): Disussion Paper 111
The health services delivery system in Zambia is pyramid in structure, with primary healthcare (PHC) services at community level, at the base, followed by first and second level hospitals at distric... more

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Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey 2010

National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR) [Rwanda], Ministry of Health (MOH) [Rwanda], and ICF International (2012) C2

The government of Rwanda conducted the 2010 Rwanda Demographic and Health Survey (RDHS) to gather up-to-date information for monitoring progress on healthcare programs and policies in Rwanda, including the Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy (EDPRS), the Millennium Development Goals ... more

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Rwanda: National Human Resources for Health Policy

Ministry of Health, Rwanda (2014) C2

The Human Resources for Health policy (HRH) will provide guidelines and the direction toward strengthening the planning, management, utilization and monitoring of health sector human resources; not forgetting responses to the contemporary challenges and developments in the sector including the mobil... more

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Community-Based Care for Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis: A Guide for Implementers

United States Agency for International Development (USAID) (2011)

This guide provides practical, step-by-step guidance on how to organize, implement, and monitor community-based care for DR TB. It is equally useful for program planning or supervision. The target audience for this guide is TB Program Managers, governments, policy makers, nongovernmental organizatio... more

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Evaluation of Community Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM)

Sheila Reed, Camille Eric Kouam, Krishna Belbase et al. United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) Evaluation Office (2013)

This evaluation is the first systematic effort by UNICEF to generate evidence on how well its global as well as country level Community Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) strategies have worked, including their acceptance and ownership in various contexts and appropriateness of investments in c... more

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WHO Quality Toolkit: Navigating tools to improve the quality of health services
recommended

World Health Organization WHO (2022) C_WHO

The WHO Quality Toolkit: Navigating tools to improve the quality of health services helps easy identification and access to a wide range of WHO published materials to improve the quality of health services. These tools support the actions described in the Quality health services: a planning guide, w... more

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A framework for mental health and psychosocial support in radiological and nuclear emergencies

World Health Organization (WHO) and InterAgency Standing Committee (IASC) (2020) C_WHO

The health impact of radiological and nuclear emergencies can last for decades. Lessons learned from past radiological and nuclear accidents have demonstrated that the mental health and psychosocial consequences can outweigh the direct physical health impacts of radiation exposure. International rad... more

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Cities leading the way: Seven climate action plans to deliver on the Paris Agreement

C40 Cities (2019) CC

Cities can help nations achieve their Paris Agreement commitment by supporting the implementation of transformational actions to increase the supply of renewable energy, improve building energy efficiency, increase access to affordable, low carbon transport options, and change consumption patterns. ... more

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Maternal and Newborn Health in Urban India: A Monograph based on Literature Review Exercise

Save the Children (2016) C2

India contributes to 16% of the global maternal deaths and around 27% of global newborn deaths. Reducing the burden of maternal and newborn mortality and morbidity in urban poor settings today requires an expansion of effective Maternal and Newborn Health (MNH) care services and lowering the barrier... more

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Estrategia de Vigilancia Comunitaria Activa - Plan de contencion, mitigation y recuperacion post confinamiento a respuesta la COVID-19

Roca de Sangüeza, M.A.; et al. Ministerio de Salud Bolivia (2020) CC

Active Community Policy Strategy - Containment, mitigation and recovery plan on post-confinement in response to COVID-19

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Matrice de fonctionnalite du programme pour l'optimisation des Programmes d'agents de santé communautaires

CHW Central; Community Health Impact Coalition; USAID; et al. (2019) C2

Cet outil peut être utilisé pour améliorer la qualité du programme ASC. Pour identifier et combler les lacunes dans la conception et la mise en œuvre du programme ASC, veuillez compléter les informations ci-dessous

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COVID-19. Практическое применение глобальной стратегии реагирования в Европейском регионе ВОЗ

World Health Organization WHO, Regional Office of Europe (2020) C_WHO

This strategic document is relevant to the diverse contexts that exist across the WHO European Region, and to countries implementing a wide range of national and subnational responses. The strategy is flexible and adaptable to national and subnational contexts and guides countries in rapidly bringin... more

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Essential Nutrition Actions: mainstreaming nutrition throughout the life course

World Health Organization WHO (2019) C_WHO

This publication’s primary purpose is to provide a compilation of actions to address malnutrition in all its forms, in a concise and user-friendly format to help in decision-making processes for integration of nutrition interventions in national health policies, strategies, and plans based on coun... more

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Status Report - WHO Collaborating Centres in the Americas, 2022

Pan American Health Organisation PAHO (2022) C_WHO

Updated 2 June 2022.# This entry contains the Status Report of WHO Collaborating Centres in the Americas by Country and a new document with information of Collaborating Centres by Outcome of the Strategic Plan of the Pan American Health Organization 2020‑2025.

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Communication in Crises Related to Vaccine Safety: Technical Guidance

Pan American Health Organisation PAHO (2021) C_WHO

3 February 2021 Vaccine- and vaccination-related crises require a communication response that is different from the communication strategies used to promote the benefits and importance of vaccines in general. This document presents the technical guidance needed to develop a communication plan that ... more

WHO Quality Toolkit: Navigating tools to improve the quality of health services recommended

WHO Quality Toolkit: Navigating tools to improve the quality of health services
recommended