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Global Development Assistance for Adolescent Health From 2003 to 2015

Zhihzu K.; Mingquiang L.; Patton G. et al. Jama Network (2018) CC

In this quality improvement study, data from the Creditor Reporting System were used to estimate flows of total DAAH and per-adolescent DAAH and to assess its distribution by donors, regions, and countries and the leading causes of burden of disease (ie, disability-adjusted life-years) in 132 devel... more

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South African cardiovascular risk stratification guideline for non-cardiac surgery

Alphonsus, C.; Naidoo, N.; Motshabi, P. et al. South African Medical Journal (2021) CC

The South African (SA) guidelines for cardiac patients for non-cardiac surgery were developed to address the need for cardiac risk assessment and risk stratification for elective non-cardiac surgical patients in SA, and more broadly in Africa. The guidelines were developed by updating the Canadian ...Cardiovascular Society Guidelines on Perioperative Cardiac Risk Assessment and Management for Patients Who Undergo Non-cardiac Surgery, with a search of literature from African countries and recent publications. The updated proposed guidelines were then evaluated in a Delphi consensus process by SA anaesthesia and vascular surgical experts. The recommendations in these guidelines are: 1. We suggest that elective non-cardiac surgical patients who are 45 years and older with either a history of coronary artery disease, congestive cardiac failure, stroke or transient ischaemic attack, or vascular surgical patients 18 years or older with peripheral vascular disease require further preoperative risk stratification as their predicted 30-day major adverse cardiac event (MACE) risk exceeds 5% (conditional recommendation: moderate-quality evidence). 2. We do not recommend routine non-invasive testing for cardiovascular risk stratification prior to elective non-cardiac surgery in adults (strong recommendation: low-to-moderate-quality evidence). 3. We recommend that elective non-cardiac surgical patients who are 45 years and older with a history of coronary artery disease, or stroke or transient ischaemic attack, or congestive cardiac failure or vascular surgical patients 18 years or older with peripheral vascular disease should have preoperative natriuretic peptide (NP) screening (strong recommendation: high-quality evidence). 4. We recommend daily postoperative troponin measurements for 48 - 72 hours for non-cardiac surgical patients who are 45 years and older with a history of coronary artery disease, or stroke or transient ischaemic attack, or congestive cardiac failure or vascular surgical patients 18 years or older with peripheral vascular disease, i.e. (i) a baseline risk >5% for MACE 30 days after elective surgery (if no preoperative NP screening), or (ii) an elevated B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)/N-terminal-prohormone B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) measurement before elective surgery (defined as BNP >99 pg/mL or a NT-proBNP >300 pg/mL) (conditional recommendation: moderate-quality evidence). Additional recommendations are given for the management of myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery (MINS) and medications for comorbidities. more

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Weekly Regional Cholera Bulletin: 29 January 2024

World Health Organization WHO (2024) C_WHO

The cholera outbreak in the WHO African Region has affected 17 countries over the last two years. The are six countries categorised to be in acute crisis 1 (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Mozambique, United Republic of Tanzania, Zambia and Zimbabwe). The southern region of the continen... more

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Effectiveness of community health worker training programmes for cardiovascular disease management in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review

Abdel-All, M; Putica, B.; Praveen, D. et al. BMJ Open (2017) CC

Introduction Community health workers (CHWs) are increasingly being tasked to prevent and manage cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors in underserved populations in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs); however, little is known about the required training necessary for them to ... more

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Infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity to prevent cardiovascular diseases and diabetes: a systematic review

Durão, S.; Burns, J.; Schmidt, B. et al. BMC Public Health (2023) CC

Background Noncommunicable diseases are major contributors to morbidity and mortality worldwide. Modifying the risk factors for these conditions, such as physical inactivity, is thus essential. Addressing the context or circumstances in which physical activity occurs may promote physical activity a...t a population level. We assessed the effects of infrastructure, policy or regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase and clinicaltrials.gov to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs), controlled before-after (CBAs) studies, and interrupted time series (ITS) studies assessing population-level infrastructure or policy and regulatory interventions to increase physical activity. We were interested in the effects of these interventions on physical activity, body weight and related measures, blood pressure, and CVD and type 2 diabetes morbidity and mortality, and on other secondary outcomes. Screening and data extraction was done in duplicate, with risk of bias was using an adapted Cochrane risk of bias tool. Due to high levels of heterogeneity, we synthesised the evidence based on effect direction. Results We included 33 studies, mostly conducted in high-income countries. Of these, 13 assessed infrastructure changes to green or other spaces to promote physical activity and 18 infrastructure changes to promote active transport. The effects of identified interventions on physical activity, body weight and blood pressure varied across studies (very low certainty evidence); thus, we remain very uncertain about the effects of these interventions. Two studies assessed the effects of policy and regulatory interventions; one provided free access to physical activity facilities and showed that it may have beneficial effects on physical activity (low certainty evidence). The other provided free bus travel for youth, with intervention effects varying across studies (very low certainty evidence). Conclusions Evidence from 33 studies assessing infrastructure, policy and regulatory interventions for increasing physical activity showed varying results. The certainty of the evidence was mostly very low, due to study designs included and inconsistent findings between studies. Despite this drawback, the evidence indicates that providing access to physical activity facilities may be beneficial; however this finding is based on only one study. Implementation of these interventions requires full consideration of contextual factors, especially in low resource settings. more

Ethiopia National Wash Cluster Briefing Package, March 2024

UN Children's Fund UNICEF; WASH Cluster (2024) CC

The document is part of the briefing package for Ethiopia's Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH) Cluster, which consists of resources that provide greater clarity and guidance to the cluster partners and other humanitarian actors. The document is divided into four sections. Each section represen... more

Interventions for Noncommunicable Diseases in Primary Health Care - online course

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

The OpenWHO course titled "Interventions for Noncommunicable Diseases in Primary Health Care" provides guidance on screening, detection, diagnosis, and management of major noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, chronic respiratory diseases (asthma and chron... more

Interventions for Noncommunicable Diseases in Primary Health Care - World Health Organization

World Health Organization WHO (2024) C_WHO

An integrated approach is particularly important for low-resource settings for efficient use of limited resources. The course contents will include risk factors, clinical course, guidance and protocols for diagnosis, management and referral as needed for NCDs in PHC. SEARO NCD PEN-HEARTS is a series... more

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European Respiratory Society clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis of asthma in children aged 5–16 years

Gaillard, E.A.; Kuehni, C.E.; Turner, S.; et al. European Respiratory Journal (2021) CC

Diagnosing asthma in children represents an important clinical challenge. There is no single gold-standard test to confirm the diagnosis. Consequently, over- and under-diagnosis of asthma is frequent in children. A task force supported by the European Respiratory Society has developed these evidence... more

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Comunicação de riscos no contexto do vírus Zika

Organização Mundial da Saùde (2016) C_WHO

Este documento apresenta orientações provisórias para uma comunicação eficaz dos riscos relacionados com atransmissão do vírus Zikae das suas potenciais complicações. Ainda não foi, contudo, estabelecida uma relação causal entre ainfecçãopelo vírus Zika e essas potenciais complicaçõ... more

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CADEIRA DE RODAS PACOTE DE TREINAMENTO EM SERVIÇOS - NÍVEL BÁSICO (Apostila do Participante)

World Health Organization (WHO) (2012) C_WHO

O pacote de treinamento de Nível Básico é desenvolvido para dar suporte ao treinamento da equipe de atendimento ou dos voluntários para fornecer uma cadeira de rodas manual e almofadas apropriados para meninas, meninos, mulheres e homens que possuem mobilidade reduzida, mas que podem sentar eret... more

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Comoa sua comunidade po de prevenir a propagação de COVID-19

IFRC, UNICEF and WHO (2020) C_UNICEF

Este documento, produzido pela IFRC, UNICEF e OMS, sugere acções-chave sobre como as pessoas e as comunidades podem permanecer seguras e retardar a propagação da COVID-19, especialmente em contextos em que as autoridades locais possam ter solicitado que se mantenha a distância física ou que se... more

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Reorganização e Expansão Progressiva dos Serviços de Saúde para Resposta à Pandemia de COVID-19

Pan American Health Organization PAHO, World Health Organization WHO (2020) C_WHO

Este documento traz recomendações para a implementação de planos operacionais em redes de serviços de saúde, tanto na atenção primária (incluindo assistência domiciliar) quanto em hospitais, para reorganizar a entrega dos serviços e ganhar eficiência na gestão e expansão da oferta de l... more

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COVID-19! Como posso proteger-me a mim e aos outros?

Smithsonian Science Education Center, et al. (2020) C1

O currículo irá ajudá-lo, a si e à sua comunidade, a compreender a ciência do vírus que causa a COVID-19 e outros vírus como este. Ajudá-lo-á a descobrir como este vírus o está a afectar ou a afectar ou poderá vir a afectá-lo no futuro. Ajudá-lo-á a compreender as acções que pode to... more

Orientação para a elaboração de um plano nacional de operacionalização da vacinação contra a COVID-19. Orientação Provisória. 1 de junho de 2021

World Health Organization WHO (2021) C_WHO

Este documento de orientação para elaboração de um plano nacional de operacionalização e vacinação (NDVP) apresenta um esquema que auxilia os países a: desenvolver e atualizar o respectivo NDVP para a introdução de vacinas contra a COVID-19; elaborar estratégias para a operacionalizaçã... more

Declaração provisória sobre vacinação heteróloga contra a COVID-19

Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) (2021) CC

A Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS), com apoio do Grupo Consultivo Estratégico de Especialistas em Imunização (Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization – SAGE) e do respectivo Grupo de Trabalho para Vacinas contra a COVID-19, está analisando novas evidências sobre o uso de vaci... more

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O Meu Herói És Tu 2021 - Como as crianças podem ter esperança para lidar com a COVID-19!

Inter-Agency Standing Committee IASC; World Health Organization (WHO); UNICEF; et al. (2021) C_WHO

Foi produzido um novo livro de histórias que visa ajudar as crianças a compreender e a chegar a um acordo com a COVID-19 Com a ajuda de uma criatura de fantasia, Ario, "My Hero is You, How kids can fight COVID-19!" explica como as crianças podem proteger-se, as suas famílias e amigos do coronav... more

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Como gerenciar as vacinas contra COVID-19 sem VVM nos postos de vacinação? (Atualizado em 10 deJunho de 2021)

Organização Pan-Americana da Saúde (OPAS) OPAS (2021) C_WHO

As vacinas COVID-19 devem ser armazenadas, transportadas e manuseadas em condições adequadas. Isso inclui a manutenção das condições da cadeia de frio de acordo com a recomendação da lista de uso de emergência (EUL) e conforme especificado no folheto do produto1. Cada vez que uma vacina... more

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Orientação dinâmica da OMS: Medicamentos para prevenção da COVID-19 : 2 DE MARÇO DE 2021

Organização Mundial da Saúde (OMS) OPAS (2021) C_WHO

Resumo: o que é esta orientação dinâmica? Pergunta clínica: qual é o papel dos medicamentos na prevenção da COVID-19? Público-alvo: o público-alvo são os médicos e os tomadores de decisão na área da saúde. Prática atual: o uso atual de medicamentos para prevenção da COVID-19 é ... more

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Boas práticas no uso racional e efetivo do oxigênio. Versão preliminar 3.1, dezembro de 2021

OMS, OPAS OPAS (2021) CC

Em vista do aumento repentino do número de hospitalizações causadas pela pandemia de COVID-19 na América Latina e no Caribe, bem como da escassez de recursos humanos e materiais, como equipes médicas e gases medicinais, é necessário reformular os modelos de atenção na Região de modo a otim... more