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Guidelines on second- and third-line medicines and type of insulin for the control of blood glucose levels in non-pregnant adults with diabetes mellitus - World Health Organization

World Health Organization WHO (2018) C_WHO

Diabetes mellitus (hereafter referred to as diabetes) is a chronic, progressive disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels. Diabetes can lead to complications such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and premature death, and can damage eyes, kidneys and nerves. Globally, more than 400 millio... more

Guidelines for the prevention, management and care of diabetes mellitus - World Health Organization

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2006) C_WHO

Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common noncommunicable diseases worldwide. In the Eastern Mediterranean Region there has been a rapid increase in the incidence of diabetes mellitus and it is now the fourth leading cause of death. The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus, the emergence of ... more

Report on the third global consultation on the health of refugees and migrants, Rabat, Morocco, 13-15 June 2023

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

With a goal of establishing enduring leadership and commitment for the health of refugees and migrants, WHO, the International Organization for Migration (IOM), the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) and Morocco co-organized the T... more

Implementing the global health sector strategies on HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections, 2022–2030: report on progress and gaps 2024

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) CC

This report is the first of a series of biennial progress reports on the implementation of the Global health sector strategies on HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections for the period 2022–2030. It draws attention to areas of pro... more

World health statistics 2024

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

The World health statistics report is the annual compilation of health and health-related indicators, which has been published by the World ... Organization since 2005. The 2024 edition reviews more than 50 health-related indicators from the Sustainable Development Goals and WHO’s Thirteenth General Programme of Work. It also highlights the findings from the Global health estimates 2021, notably the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on life expectancy and healthy life expectancy. more

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Mexico: a primary health care case study in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

The Mexican Constitution sets out the basis for access to health care services and the right to social protection in health for all citizens. The General ... Law establishes that the MoH, together with state governments, is responsibl for the control and eradication of transmissible diseases and must establish the necessary measures to prevent and combat all threats to health. Consequently, the National Health Plan 2019–2024 proposes universal, effective and free access to health care services, including health and epidemiological surveillance for emergencies, for all Mexicans more

Community Health Roadmap - Malawi

Community Health Roadmap (2018) CC

Community Health: Malawi is in the process of implementing its first-ever National Community Health Strategy (NCHS, 2017-2022); the NCHS is embedded in the ... Sector Strategic Plan (HSSPII) and the community health workforce includes both formal and non-formal cadres more

Moving to a strong(er) community health system: analysing the role of community health volunteers in the new national community health strategy in Malawi

Angwenyi, V.; Aantjes, C.; Kondowe, K. et al. BMJ Global Health (2018) CC

Since the Alma Ata Declaration in 1978, community health volunteers (CHVs) have been at the forefront, providing health services, especially to underserved communities, in low-income countries. Howe... more

National Community Health Strategy 2017-2022

Government of the Republic of Malawi (2017) CC

The Government of Malawi is committed to improving health and livelihoods in Malawi through community health – the provision of basic health ser... more

Qualitative assessment of community health workers’ perspective on their motivation in community-based primary health care in rural Malawi

Ndambo, M.K.; Munyaneza, F.; Aron, M.B. et al. BMC Health Services Research (2022) CC

Background: Community Health Workers (CHWs) have a positive impact on the provision of community-based primary health care through screening, treatment, referral, psychosocial support, and accompan...iment. With a broad scope of work, CHW programs must balance the breadth and depth of tasks to maintain CHW motivation for high-quality care delivery. Few studies have described the CHW perspective on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation to enhance their programmatic activities. Methods: We utilized an exploratory qualitative study design with CHWs employed in the household model in Neno District, Malawi, to explore their perspectives on intrinsic and extrinsic motivators and dissatisfiers in their work. Data was collected in 8 focus group discussions with 90 CHWs in October 2018 and March–April 2019 in seven purposively selected catchment areas. All interviews were audiotaped, transcribed verbatim, coded, and analyzed using Dedoose. Results: Themes of complex intrinsic and extrinsic factors were generated from the perspectives of the CHWs in the focus group discussions. Study results indicate that enabling factors are primarily intrinsic factors such as positive patient outcomes, community respect, and recognition by the formal health care system but can lead to the chal- lenge of increased scope and workload. Extrinsic factors can provide challenges, including an increased scope and workload from original expectations, lack of resources to utilize in their work, and rugged geography. However, a posi- tive work environment through supportive relationships between CHWs and supervisors enables the CHWs. Conclusion: This study demonstrated enabling factors and challenges for CHW performance from their perspec- tive within the dual-factor theory. We can mitigate challenges through focused efforts to limit geographical distance, manage workload, and strengthen CHW support to reinforce their recognition and trust. Such programmatic empha- sis can focus on enhancing motivational factors found in this study to improve the CHWs’ experience in their role. The engagement of CHWs, the communities, and the formal health care system is critical to improving the care provided to the patients and communities, along with building supportive systems to recognize the work done by CHWs for the primary health care systems. more

The role of community health workers in influencing social connectedness using the household model: a qualitative case study from Malawi

Ndambo, M.K.; Munyaneza, F.; Aron, M. et al. Global Health Action (2022) CC

Community health workers (CHWs) play a vital role in facilitating social connectedness, building trust, decrease stigma, and link communities to essential healthcare and social support services. Mor... more

Diabetes Online courses - Global Health Media

Global Health Media (2024) CC2

Diabetes Online courses - Global Health Media

Intention to action series: Regional reflections. Analysis from informal regional consultations with people living with noncommunicable diseases and mental health conditions 2023 WHO

World Health Organization (WHO) World Health Organization (WHO) (2023) C_WHO

This report includes analysis from informal regional consultations in the African Region, the Caribbean and North America, Latin America, South-East Asia Region, European Region, Eastern Mediterranean Region, alongside three forums in the Western Pacific Region. It analyses the overarching similarit... more

Guidance on Selection and Use of One Health Operational Tools

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations FAO; UN Environment Programme UNEP; World Health Organization WHO; World Organisation for Animal Health WOAH (2024) C_WHO

The One Health (OH) High-Level Expert Panel (OHHLEP) of the Quadripartite Organizations defined OH as an integrated, unifying approach that aims to sustainably balance and optimize the health of peo... more

Transitioning from long-stay services to community mental health networks Towards deinstitutionalization in the WHO South-East Asia Region-Bangkok, Thailand, 12–14 March 2024

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

The burden of mental health conditions in the Region is high and actions are being taken by WHO to address this issue. These include the PARO Declaration (1) by the health ministers of Member States... more

Risk negotiation: a framework for One Health risk analysis

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

The world faces global health risks that need to be effectively addressed in integrated, participatory effort

Reimagining effective workplace support for health workers

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic revealed systemic weaknesses in health-care systems worldwide. The breadth of challenges left health workers overwhelmed and overstretched, reducing... more

Monitoring children’s development in Europe and central Asia with a focus on primary health care: directions for policy and practice

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

This publication aims to provide an overview of the state of developmental monitoring in selected countries across the Europe and Central Asia region (ECAR), to document the existing evidencebased approaches and models for developmental monitoring and to identify the key considerations necessary to ... more

Nigeria: a primary health care case study in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) CC

In 2018 the Astana Declaration reaffirmed a global commitment to PHC as a cornerstone of sustainable health systems for accelerated progress on universal health coverage (UHC) (1). The vision for PH... more

The adolescent health indicators recommended by the Global Action for Measurement of Adolescent health

World Health Organisation (WHO) (2024) C_WHO

This document is an interactive guide for the uniform collection, compilation, reporting, and use of adolescent health data. See the details of each section below and click on the blocks to jump to the relevant section.